Nurses' Perceptions of Their Problem Solving Ability : Analysis of Self Apprasials
Yıl 2005,
Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 62 - 76, 01.03.2005
Doç.dr. Süheyla Abaan
Uzm.hemş. Arzu Altıntoprak
Öz
This study is conducted as a descriptive study for the purpose of identifying the self appraisal of problem solving ability of nurses, working in an University Hospital, 178 nurses out of 685 with and without management responsibility was selected randomly using layered random sample. Data were collected using a Questionnaire and the Problem-Solving Inventory. The instrument provides a global appraisal of oneself as a problem solver and assesses perceptions of problemsolving ability. The scores of the subjects as total and by subscale were evaluated and analyzed. Nurses' problem-solving inventory (PSI) mean score was 77.48±14.75. Although there was no difference between the total PSI and subscale scores of nurses who had management responsibility and who didn't, the differences between lower and upper values of subscales indicated that nurses with no management responsibility relied on their problem solving ability more and projected less avoidant behavior to the problems. In both groups nurses showed less personal control over problem solving. According to these findings suggestions are made in order to improve nurses' problem-solving perceptions positively.
Kaynakça
- McAllister M. Doing Practice Differently: solution focused nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing 41(6): 529-535, 2003
- Mason D J, Leavitt J K & Chaffee M W (Eds.). Policy and politics in nursing and health care. 4th ed. Saint Louis MO: Saunders; 2002.
- Lowestein A J. Bradshaw M J. Fuszard’s Innovative Teaching Strategies in Nursing. Third ed. An Aspen Pub.Maryland;2001
- Jones J A. “Clinical Reasoning in Nursing”, J. of Adv. Nurs.1988; 13, 185-192.
- Sütçü Ç H. “Gata Eğitim Hastanesinde Çalışan Lisans Mezunu Hemşireler ile Lisans Mezunu Diğer Sağlık Çalışanlarının Problem Çözme Becerileri Arasındaki Farkın İncelenmesi”, I. Uluslarası Katılımlı Ulusal TSK Hemşirelik Kongresi, Bildiri Özet Kitabı, 21-24 Ekim 2003.
- Yurttaş A. “Sağlık Yüksekokulu Öğrencilerinin Empatik Becerileri İle Problem Çözme Becerilerinin Karşılaştırılması”, Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi 2003; 6,1, 1-13
- Övür M. “ Ölüme Davetiye Çıkarmak” Sabah Gazetesi 22 Haziran 2005; s.16
- Tucker A. “When Problem-Solving is a problem”. Available fromhttp//www.news.harvard.edu/ gazette/2002/10.10711-tucker.html Accessed:17 Mayıs 2003.
- Uyer G, Kocaman G, Oktay S, Argon G, Abaan S, “Hemşirelik Hizmetleri Yönetimi El Kitabı”, İstanbul, Birlik Ofset Matbaa; 1996, 15.
- Suzuki L.A. Ahluwalia M.K. Two Decades of Research on the Problem Solving Inventory: A Call for Empirical Clarity ,(2004) Counseling Psychologist, 32 3, Pages 429-438 Available from: http://www. scopus.com/scopus/record/display.url?eid=2-s1.0-4CK5-99T0-TWC1-C07V-00000-00&src=s&origin =export&view=basic Accessed: 10 mayıs 2005
- Baumgardner A H, Heppner P P, Arkin R M, “Role of Causal Attiribution in Personal Problem Solving, Journal of Behavioral Change”, Psychological Review, 1986;84:191-215.
- Chang A.M. Gaskill D. Nurses’ perceptions of their problem-solving ability. Journal of advanced nursing, 1991;16 (7): 813-819. Available from: http://www.scopus.com/scopus/record/display.url?eid=2- s1.0-49H4-YNT0-TWC1-C1MP-00000-00&src=s&origin=export&view=basic, Accessed: 27 Haziran 2005.
- ReidJ K, Dixon W A. The relationships among grief experience, problem-solving appraisal, and depression : An exploratory study Journal of Loss and trauma 2000; 5 (1):77-92.
- Witty T E. Heppner P P. Bernard C.B., Thoreson R.W. Problem-solving appraisal and psychological adjustment of persons with chronic low-back pain) Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings, ,(2001) 8 (3): 149-160. Available from:http://www.scopus.com/scopus/record/display.url?eid=2-s1.0- 49G9-76V0-TWC1-C1K9-00000-00&src=s&origin=export&view=basic Accessed: 27 Haziran 2005.
- Chan D W. Dimensionality and correlates of problem solving: The use of the Problem Solving Inventory in the Chinese context Behaviour Research and Therapy 2001; 39 (7):859-875 .
- Elliott T R, Shewchuk R M. Social problem-solving abilities and distress among family members assuming a caregiving role British Journal of Health Psychology 2003; 8 (2): 149-163.
- Heppner P P, Pretorius T B, Wei M, Lee D-G, Wang Y-W Examining the generalizability of problem- solving appraisal in Black South Africans Journal of Counseling Psychology 2002; 49 (4): 484-498.
- Baumberger-Henry M. Cooperative learning and case study: Does the combination improve students’ perception of problem-solving and decision making skills? Nurse Education Today 2005;25 (3): 238- 246.
- Baumberger-Henry M. Cooperative learning and case study: Does the improve nursing students’ self perception of problem solving and decision making skills ? 1998 D.N.Sc. program dissertation. Widener University School of Nursing.
- Ulupınar S, “Hemşirelik Eğitiminin Öğrencilerin Problem Çözmesine Etkisi”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, İstanbul, 1997.
- Erdem, Y., “Yüksekokul ve Sağlık Meslek Lisesi Mezunu Hemşirelerin Problem Çözme Becerileri”, Yeni Tıp Dergisi, 2001; 18: (1), 11-13. 22.
- Altun İ, “The Perceived Problem Solving Ability and Values of Student Nurses and Midwives”,
- Nurse Education Today, 2003; 23: 575-584
- Karasar, N., “Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi”. Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım; 10. Baskı, 2000.
- Heppner P P, Petersen C. The development and implications of a personal problem-solving inventory Journal of Counseling Psychology 1982; 29 (1): 66-75.
- Heppner P P, “The Problem Solving Inventory, Manual Counsulting”, Psychologist Press, 1988. 26.
- Şahin N. Sahin N.H., Heppner P.P.Psychometric Properties of the problem solving inventory in a group
- of Turkish University Students. Cognitive Therapy Research 1993; 17 (4): 379-439.
- Heppner P P, “A Review of the Problem-Solving Literature and Its Relationship to the Counseling Process”. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 1978; 25: (5), 366-375. 28.
- Heppner P P, Anderson W P. “The Relationship Between Problem-Solving Self-Appraisal and
- Psychological Adjustment”, Cognitive Theraphy and Research, 1985; 9: (4), 415-427.
- Heppner P P, Hibel P, Neal G W, “Personal Problem –Solving; a Descriptive Study of Individual Differences”, J. of Counseling Psychology, 1982; 29: (6), 580-590.
- Benner P, “From Beginner to Expert”, Adv. Nur. Sci. 2000; 14: (13), 1983, 148-154
- Cholowski K M, Chan L K S, “Prior Knowledge in Student Nurses’ Clinical Problem Solving”, Australian Journal of Educational & Developmental Psychology, 2001; 1: 10-21
- Botti, M.B., “Role of Knowledge and Ability in Student Nurses Clinical Decision-Making”, Nursing & Health Sciences, March 2003; 5: (1), 39-49
- Savaşır I Şahin NH, Bilişsel-Davranışçı Terapilerde Değerlendirme: Sık Kullanılan Ölçekler, Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayınları No:9 Ankara: 1997 34.
- Durak-Batıgün A, Şahin N. Can Anger, Impulsivity, and Perceiving oneself as an Inefficient Problem
- Solver be a Forerunner of Adolescent Suicide. Turk psikoloji dergisi 2003; 18 (51):53-57
- Güçray S S. The Analysis of Decision Making Behaviors and Perceived ProblemSolving Skills in Adolecents TOJET April 2003;2(2).
- Teo ve Wong, 2000 2nd Asia Pacific Conference on Problem Based Learning Does Problem based learning Create a better student reflection) Available from: http://pbl.tp.edu.sg/Others/Articles%20on%20Others/ TeoRaymondAlbert.pdf Accessed: 22 haziran 2005
- Serezli S, “Alt Kademe Hemşire Yöneticilerin Becerileri”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul, 1997.
- Akdeniz G. “Yönetici Hemşire Yetiştirme Programları, Bir Model Önerisi”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul, 1997.
- Turan S, “Hastanelerde Matriks Organizasyon İşleyişinin Hemşireler Üzerindeki Etkileri, Yarattığı Sorunlar ve Çözüm Önerileri”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul, 1995.
Hemşirelerde Problem Çözme Becerileri: Öz Değerlendirme Sonuçlarının Analizi
Yıl 2005,
Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 62 - 76, 01.03.2005
Doç.dr. Süheyla Abaan
Uzm.hemş. Arzu Altıntoprak
Öz
Araştırma bir üniversitenin erişkin ve çocuk hastanelerinde çalışan yönetici pozisyonu olan ve olmayan hemşirelerin problem çözme yeteneklerini nasıl değerlendirdiklerini belirlemek amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıştır Tabakalı rastgele örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak seçilen 178 hemşireden 173 üne ulaşılmıştır. Veriler soru formu ve “Problem Çözme Envanteri” ile toplanmıştır. Bu envanter bireyin problem çözücü olarak genelde kendini değerlendirmesi ve problem çözme yeteneğini algılamasını ortaya çıkarır. Elde edilen envanter puanları toplam ve 3 alt boyutta analiz edilmiştir. Hemşirelerin problem çözme envanteri puan ortalaması 77.48±14.75 olarak bulunmuştur. Yönetici pozisyonu olan ve olmayan hemşireler arasında toplam ve alt boyutlar açısından bir anlamlılık bulunamamış olmakla birlikte, her gruba ait alt ve üst değerlerdeki farklılıklar yönetim sorumluluğu olmayan hemşirelerin, problem çözme yeteneklerine daha fazla güvendikleri ve yaklaşma kaçınma boyutunda da kendilerini problemin üstüne giden kişiler olarak daha olumlu tanımladıklarını işaret etmektedir. Her iki grup ta kişisel kontrol hissini daha az tanımlamaktadır. Bu sonuçlara dayalı olarak hemşirelerin problem çözme algılarının geliştirilmesine yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.önerilebilir.
Kaynakça
- McAllister M. Doing Practice Differently: solution focused nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing 41(6): 529-535, 2003
- Mason D J, Leavitt J K & Chaffee M W (Eds.). Policy and politics in nursing and health care. 4th ed. Saint Louis MO: Saunders; 2002.
- Lowestein A J. Bradshaw M J. Fuszard’s Innovative Teaching Strategies in Nursing. Third ed. An Aspen Pub.Maryland;2001
- Jones J A. “Clinical Reasoning in Nursing”, J. of Adv. Nurs.1988; 13, 185-192.
- Sütçü Ç H. “Gata Eğitim Hastanesinde Çalışan Lisans Mezunu Hemşireler ile Lisans Mezunu Diğer Sağlık Çalışanlarının Problem Çözme Becerileri Arasındaki Farkın İncelenmesi”, I. Uluslarası Katılımlı Ulusal TSK Hemşirelik Kongresi, Bildiri Özet Kitabı, 21-24 Ekim 2003.
- Yurttaş A. “Sağlık Yüksekokulu Öğrencilerinin Empatik Becerileri İle Problem Çözme Becerilerinin Karşılaştırılması”, Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi 2003; 6,1, 1-13
- Övür M. “ Ölüme Davetiye Çıkarmak” Sabah Gazetesi 22 Haziran 2005; s.16
- Tucker A. “When Problem-Solving is a problem”. Available fromhttp//www.news.harvard.edu/ gazette/2002/10.10711-tucker.html Accessed:17 Mayıs 2003.
- Uyer G, Kocaman G, Oktay S, Argon G, Abaan S, “Hemşirelik Hizmetleri Yönetimi El Kitabı”, İstanbul, Birlik Ofset Matbaa; 1996, 15.
- Suzuki L.A. Ahluwalia M.K. Two Decades of Research on the Problem Solving Inventory: A Call for Empirical Clarity ,(2004) Counseling Psychologist, 32 3, Pages 429-438 Available from: http://www. scopus.com/scopus/record/display.url?eid=2-s1.0-4CK5-99T0-TWC1-C07V-00000-00&src=s&origin =export&view=basic Accessed: 10 mayıs 2005
- Baumgardner A H, Heppner P P, Arkin R M, “Role of Causal Attiribution in Personal Problem Solving, Journal of Behavioral Change”, Psychological Review, 1986;84:191-215.
- Chang A.M. Gaskill D. Nurses’ perceptions of their problem-solving ability. Journal of advanced nursing, 1991;16 (7): 813-819. Available from: http://www.scopus.com/scopus/record/display.url?eid=2- s1.0-49H4-YNT0-TWC1-C1MP-00000-00&src=s&origin=export&view=basic, Accessed: 27 Haziran 2005.
- ReidJ K, Dixon W A. The relationships among grief experience, problem-solving appraisal, and depression : An exploratory study Journal of Loss and trauma 2000; 5 (1):77-92.
- Witty T E. Heppner P P. Bernard C.B., Thoreson R.W. Problem-solving appraisal and psychological adjustment of persons with chronic low-back pain) Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings, ,(2001) 8 (3): 149-160. Available from:http://www.scopus.com/scopus/record/display.url?eid=2-s1.0- 49G9-76V0-TWC1-C1K9-00000-00&src=s&origin=export&view=basic Accessed: 27 Haziran 2005.
- Chan D W. Dimensionality and correlates of problem solving: The use of the Problem Solving Inventory in the Chinese context Behaviour Research and Therapy 2001; 39 (7):859-875 .
- Elliott T R, Shewchuk R M. Social problem-solving abilities and distress among family members assuming a caregiving role British Journal of Health Psychology 2003; 8 (2): 149-163.
- Heppner P P, Pretorius T B, Wei M, Lee D-G, Wang Y-W Examining the generalizability of problem- solving appraisal in Black South Africans Journal of Counseling Psychology 2002; 49 (4): 484-498.
- Baumberger-Henry M. Cooperative learning and case study: Does the combination improve students’ perception of problem-solving and decision making skills? Nurse Education Today 2005;25 (3): 238- 246.
- Baumberger-Henry M. Cooperative learning and case study: Does the improve nursing students’ self perception of problem solving and decision making skills ? 1998 D.N.Sc. program dissertation. Widener University School of Nursing.
- Ulupınar S, “Hemşirelik Eğitiminin Öğrencilerin Problem Çözmesine Etkisi”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, İstanbul, 1997.
- Erdem, Y., “Yüksekokul ve Sağlık Meslek Lisesi Mezunu Hemşirelerin Problem Çözme Becerileri”, Yeni Tıp Dergisi, 2001; 18: (1), 11-13. 22.
- Altun İ, “The Perceived Problem Solving Ability and Values of Student Nurses and Midwives”,
- Nurse Education Today, 2003; 23: 575-584
- Karasar, N., “Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi”. Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım; 10. Baskı, 2000.
- Heppner P P, Petersen C. The development and implications of a personal problem-solving inventory Journal of Counseling Psychology 1982; 29 (1): 66-75.
- Heppner P P, “The Problem Solving Inventory, Manual Counsulting”, Psychologist Press, 1988. 26.
- Şahin N. Sahin N.H., Heppner P.P.Psychometric Properties of the problem solving inventory in a group
- of Turkish University Students. Cognitive Therapy Research 1993; 17 (4): 379-439.
- Heppner P P, “A Review of the Problem-Solving Literature and Its Relationship to the Counseling Process”. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 1978; 25: (5), 366-375. 28.
- Heppner P P, Anderson W P. “The Relationship Between Problem-Solving Self-Appraisal and
- Psychological Adjustment”, Cognitive Theraphy and Research, 1985; 9: (4), 415-427.
- Heppner P P, Hibel P, Neal G W, “Personal Problem –Solving; a Descriptive Study of Individual Differences”, J. of Counseling Psychology, 1982; 29: (6), 580-590.
- Benner P, “From Beginner to Expert”, Adv. Nur. Sci. 2000; 14: (13), 1983, 148-154
- Cholowski K M, Chan L K S, “Prior Knowledge in Student Nurses’ Clinical Problem Solving”, Australian Journal of Educational & Developmental Psychology, 2001; 1: 10-21
- Botti, M.B., “Role of Knowledge and Ability in Student Nurses Clinical Decision-Making”, Nursing & Health Sciences, March 2003; 5: (1), 39-49
- Savaşır I Şahin NH, Bilişsel-Davranışçı Terapilerde Değerlendirme: Sık Kullanılan Ölçekler, Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayınları No:9 Ankara: 1997 34.
- Durak-Batıgün A, Şahin N. Can Anger, Impulsivity, and Perceiving oneself as an Inefficient Problem
- Solver be a Forerunner of Adolescent Suicide. Turk psikoloji dergisi 2003; 18 (51):53-57
- Güçray S S. The Analysis of Decision Making Behaviors and Perceived ProblemSolving Skills in Adolecents TOJET April 2003;2(2).
- Teo ve Wong, 2000 2nd Asia Pacific Conference on Problem Based Learning Does Problem based learning Create a better student reflection) Available from: http://pbl.tp.edu.sg/Others/Articles%20on%20Others/ TeoRaymondAlbert.pdf Accessed: 22 haziran 2005
- Serezli S, “Alt Kademe Hemşire Yöneticilerin Becerileri”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul, 1997.
- Akdeniz G. “Yönetici Hemşire Yetiştirme Programları, Bir Model Önerisi”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul, 1997.
- Turan S, “Hastanelerde Matriks Organizasyon İşleyişinin Hemşireler Üzerindeki Etkileri, Yarattığı Sorunlar ve Çözüm Önerileri”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul, 1995.