ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE: AN EMPRİCAL EVALUATION BY REDUCED AND DECOMPOSED MODELS

Öz

Environmental Kuznets Curve: An Emprical Evaluation by Reduced and Decomposed Models In this study, by using different models, during 1994-2010 in 26 OECD countries, Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis and the presence of scale, composition and technology effects in EKC was analyzed. The impacts of environmental policies, population density on EKC was also explored. Based on estimations of reduced and decomposed models of EKC, the presence of a N shape relationship between ambient CO2 and GDP per capita was found. A similar relationship exists between ambient CO2 and population density. Our main finding is that the environmental policies led to EKC shifted down and reduced slope and intercept of EKC. Effective environmental policies can help flatten the EKC and reduce the environmental cost of economic growth. Based on estimation of decomposed forms of EKC, scale, composition and technology effects in EKC was verified

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Environmental Kuznets Curve, environmental policies, population density, scale, composition and technology effects

ÇEVRESEL KUZNETS EĞRİSİ: İNDİRGENMİŞ VE AYRIŞTIRILMIŞ MODELLERLE AMPİRİK BİR ANALİZ

Öz

Bu çalışmada 1994-2010 dönemi için 26 OECD ülkesinde, farklı modeller kullanılarak Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi (ÇKE) varsayımının geçerliliği ve ÇKE'nin oluşumundaki ölçek, birleşim ve teknolojik etkiler incelenmektedir. Ayrıca çevre politikaları ve nüfus yoğunluğu gibi değişkenlerin ÇKE üzerindeki etkileri de araştırılmaktadır. İndirgenmiş ve ayrıştırılmış modellere göre kişi başına GSYH ile CO₂ emisyonu arasında N-tipli bir ilişki saptanmıştır. Benzer ilişki nüfus yoğunluğu ile CO₂ emisyonu için de geçerlidir. Çevre politikalarının uygulanması ÇKE'nin aşağıya doğru kaymasına ve eğiminin azalmasına neden olmaktadır. Ayrıştırılmış model tahmin sonuçları ÇKE'nin oluşumundaki ölçek, birleşim ve teknolojik etkilerin geçerliliğini kanıtlamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi, çevre politikaları, nüfus yoğunluğu, ölçek, birleşim ve teknolojik etkiler

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