Evaluation of Organic Agriculture Production Efficiency in OECD Countries within the Framework of Sustainable Development Goals

Öz

In this study, we aim to analyze the efficiency of organic agriculture and the changes in efficiency in OECD countries for each year between 2011 and 2020 to emphasize its potential contribution to global development by evaluating it within the scope of sustainable development. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), one of the most widely used efficiency measurement methods in the literature, is used to evaluate the performance of organic agricultural production. Efficiency analysis reveals that most of the countries evaluated are inefficient and have relatively low-efficiency scores. Context-Dependent Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) groups OECD countries into layers based on their efficiency measures. For the period 2011-2020, countries are clustered at 7 to 9 efficiency levels. Malmquist Total Factor Productivity (TFP) Index is calculated to evaluate the efficiency scores obtained from DEA and the inter-period efficiency. There has been a steady decline in the average Malmquist TFP Index since 2011-2012. The final values obtained from the analyses are compared with the Sustainable Development Goals Index values and evaluated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Organic Agriculture
• Sustainable Development Goals
• Data Envelopment Analysis
• Context-Dependent DEA
• Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index
• Organik Tarım
• Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefleri
• Veri Zarflama Analizi
• Katmanlı VZA
• Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimliliği Endeksi

OECD ÜLKELERİNDEKİ ORGANİK TARIM ÜRETİM ETKİNLİĞİNİN SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR KALKINMA HEDEFLERİ ÇERÇEVESİNDE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Öz

Bu çalışmada, OECD ülkelerinde 2011-2020 yılları arasındaki her yıl için organik tarım etkinliğini ve bu dönemdeki etkinlikteki değişmeleri incelemek ve bunları sürdürülebilir kalkınma kapsamında değerlendirerek küresel kalkınmaya sunabileceği potansiyel katkının vurgulanması amaçlanmaktadır. Organik tarımsal üretim performansını değerlendirebilmek adına literatürde en çok kullanılan etkinlik ölçüm yöntemlerinden biri olan Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) kullanılmıştır. Etkinlik analizleri sonucu ortalama etkinlik skorlarının oldukça düşük değerlere sahip olduğu ve değerlendirme altındaki ülkelerin büyük bir bölümünün etkinsiz olduğu saptanmıştır. Katmanlı Veri Zarflama Analizi (KVZA) yaklaşımı ile OECD ülkeleri etkinlik düzeylerine göre katmanlara bölünerek gruplandırılmıştır. 2011-2020 döneminde ülkeler yıllara göre farklılık göstererek 7 ila 9 etkinlik düzeyinde kümelenmiştir. VZA’dan elde edilen etkinlik skorları ile dönemler arası etkinliği değerlendirebilmek amacıyla Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimliliği (TFV) Endeksi hesaplanmıştır. 2011-2012 periyodundan itibaren ortalama Malmquist TFV Endeksinde sürekli bir gerileme gözlemlenmiştir. Analizlerden elde edilen nihai değerler ile Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefleri Endeksi değerleri karşılaştırılarak değerlendirmelerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Organic Agriculture
• Sustainable Development Goals
• Data Envelopment Analysis
• Context-Dependent DEA
• Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index
• Organik Tarım
• Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefleri
• Veri Zarflama Analizi
• Katmanlı VZA
• Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimliliği Endeksi

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