THE CASE OF THE WESTERN BALKAN ROMA: A LITMUS TEST FOR NORMATIVE POWER EUROPE?

Öz

Viewed increasingly as a ‘normative’ power, the European Union has come to dictate what is regarded as ‘normal’ or ethically superior behaviour and standards not only in its domestic realm, but also in its neighbourhood and beyond. This ideational dimension of the European Union’s foreign policy is most apparent in enlargement policy, its most successful foreign policy tool to date. This article argues that the European Union’s ‘normative power’ is being tested in its enlargement policy towards the Western Balkans and analyses the extent of this challenge through the Union’s enlargement conditionality concerning the Roma, the most discriminated and marginalised group in the Western Balkans. By specifically focusing on the protection and promotion of the rights of the Roma in the Western Balkan countries, the article contends that despite decades of efforts that have dramatically improved the legal infrastructures of the Western Balkan states and harmonised them with the EU legislation, the overall picture is still bleak and the Roma populations in the Western Balkans continue to face discrimination in almost all spheres of life.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Western Balkans
• European Union
• Normative Power
• conditionality
• enlargement
• Roma

BATI BALKAN ROMANLARI: NORMATİF GÜÇ AVRUPA'NIN TURNUSOL TESTİ?

Öz

Gün geçtikçe daha ‘normatif’ bir güç olarak görülen Avrupa Birliği, sadece kendi sınırları içinde değil, aynı zamanda kendisine komşu bölgeler ve dünyada da ‘normal’ ya da etik olarak üstün görülen davranış ve standartlar konusunda belirleyici konumdadır. Avrupa Birliği dış politikasının bu düşünsel boyutu, en açık haliyle Birlik’in en başarılı dış politika aracı olan genişleme politikasında görülmektedir. Bu makale Avrupa Birliği’nin ‘normatif gücü’nün, Batı Balkanlar’a yönelik genişleme politikası ve özellikle de bölgede en fazla ayrımcılığa uğrayan ve marjinalize edilmiş grup olan Romanlara yönelik genişleme şartlılığı ile sınandığı iddia etmektedir. Makale Batı Balkanlar’da yaşayan Romanların haklarının korunması ve geliştirilmesi konusuna odaklanarak, bölge ülkelerinin yasal altyapılarını Avrupa Birliği mevzuatı ile uyumlulaştıran ve iyileştiren sürece rağmen bölgede yaşayan Romanlara yönelik ayrımcılığın her alanda devam ettiğini savunmaktadır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Batı Balkanlar
• Avrupa Birliği
• normatif güç
• şartlılık
• genişleme
• Romanlar

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