DEMOGRAFİK GEÇİŞ İLE GELİR VE TÜKETİM EŞİTSİZLİĞİ İLİŞKİSİ: OECD ÜLKELERİ ÜZERİNE AMPİRİK BİR ANALİZ

Öz

Demografik geçiş sürecinin etkisiyle dünya genelinde nüfus hızlı bir şekilde yaşlanmaktadır. Nüfusun yaşlanması son yıllarda hızla gelişen ve üzerinde durulması gereken bir konu olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu sürecin etkisi birçok açıdan tartışılabileceği gibi, bazı ampirik çalışmalar yaşam boyu gelir modeli kapsamında nüfusun yaşlanması ile eşitsizlik arasındaki anlamlı ilişkiyi ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı da demografik geçiş sürecinin etkisiyle söz konusu olan nüfus yaşlanmasının, OECD ülkelerinde ekonomik refah düzeyindeki eşitsizlik üzerinde ne ölçüde bir etkisinin olduğunu, 2003-2014 dönemi için hem gelir hem de tüketim eşitsizliği çerçevesinde analiz etmektir. Bu kapsamda dinamik panel veri analiz yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar 15-64 yaş arası nüfustaki artışın hem gelir hem de tüketim eşitsizliğini artırdığını ortaya koyarken, 65 yaş üzeri nüfustaki artışın yalnızca gelir eşitsizliğini artırdığı görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Demografik geçiş,gelir eşitsizliği,tüketim eşitsizliği,panel veri,OECD ülkeleri

DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION, INCOME AND CONSUMPTION INEQUALITY: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS FOR OECD COUNTRIES

Öz

In consequence of demographic transition process populations in many countries all around the world are rapidly aging. Population-aging has been an emerging and a striking subject in recent years in terms of economical and sociological effects it creates. Besides, as this process can be discussed in terms of different aspects, some empirical studies state that there exists a significant relationship between population aging and inequality in the context of life cycle permanent income model. Present study analyzes whether population-aging affects inequality in 14 OECD countries not only within the frame of income inequality but also that of consumption inequality in the context of time dimension rather than life cycle dimension for the period of 2003-2014. Dynamic panel data analysis method and difference GMM estimator are used for this purpose. According to results both consumption and income inequality increase with population aging.

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