MAKYAVELİZM ve ETİK ALGISI İLİŞKİLERİ: BANKACILIK SEKTÖRÜNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Yıl 2009,
Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 83 - 104, 31.12.2009
Semra Güney
Gamze Mandacı
Öz
Makyavelizm ve
etik algısı kavramları arasındaki ilişkinin saptanması için çeşitli
araştırmalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada Ankara’da faaliyet gösteren
özel ve kamu bankalarının pazarlama ve satış personelinden oluşan örneklemin,
Makyavelizm ve etik algılama düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin tespit edilmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre Makyavelizm düzeyi ve etik algı
arasında güçlü bir negatif ilişki saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, cinsiyet ve öğrenim
düzeyi şeklinde ifade edilebilecek demografik faktörler ile hem Makyavelizm
düzeyleri, hem de etik algı düzeyleri arasında anlamlı ilişkilerin olduğu
ortaya çıkmıştır.
Kaynakça
- Al-Khatib, J.A., C.J. Robertson, A.D. Stanton and S.J. Vitell (2002) “Business Ethics in the Arab Gulf States: A Three-Country Study”, International Business Review, 11, 97-111.
- Al-Khatip, J.A., S.J. Vitell and M.Y.A. Rawwas (1997) “Consumer Ethics: Across –Cultural Investigation”, European Journal of Marketing, 31, 750-767.
- Ang, H.S. and S.M. Leong (2000) “Out of the Mouths of Babes: Business Ethics and Youths in Asia”, Journal of Business Ethics, 28, 128-144.
- Arrow, K.J. (1972) “Gifts and Exchanges”, Philosophy and Public Affairs, 1, 343-362.
- Ayyoup, T. (2002) “UAB Calls For Banking. Code of Ethics”, Jordan Times, 25 August.
- Best, B. (1997) “International Business and Ethics: The Role for Ethical Displacement”, Business and the Contemporary World, IX (1), 209-227.
- Beu D.S, M.R. Buckley and M.G. Harvey (2003) “Ethical Decision-Making: A Multi-Dimensional Construct”, Business Ethics: A European Review, 12, 88–107.
- Bee D. and R.M. Buckley (2001) “The Hypothesized Relationship between Accountability and Ethical Behavior”, Journal of Business Ethics, 34, 57-73.
- Christie, R. and F.L. Geis (1970) Studies in Machiavellianism, New York: New York Academic Press, 10-34.
- Dawson, Leslie M. (1997) “Ethical Differences between Men and Women in the Sales Profession”, Journal of Business Ethics, 16, 1143–1152.
- Deiss, J. (2001) “The Swiss Financial Centre: Achievements and Challenges”, Speech on Financial Excellence, Milan.
- Donaldson, T. and T. Dunfee (1999) “When Ethics Travel: The Promise And Perils Of Global Business Ethics”, California Management Review, 41(4), 44-63.
- Ekin, M.G. and H.S. Tezölmez (1999) “Business Ethics in Turkey: An Empirical Investigation with Special Emphasis on Gender”, Journal of Business Ethics, 18, 17-34.
- Erffmeyer, R.C., B.D. Keillor and D.T. LeClair (1999) “An Empirical Investigation of Japanese Consumer Ethics”, Journal of Business Ethics, 18, 35-50.
Ergeneli, A. (2006) Örgüt ve İnsan, Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yayınları.
- Ergeneli, A. and S. Arıkan (2002) “Gender Differences in Ethical Perceptions of Salespeople: An Empirical Examination in Turkey”, Journal of Business Ethics, 40: 247-260.
- Ford, C.R. and W.D. Richardson (1994) “Ethical Decision Making: A Review of the Empirical Literature”, Journal of Business Ethics, 13, 205-221.
- Galie, P.J. and C. Bopst (2006) “Machiavelli & Modern Business: Realist Thought in Contemporary Corporate Leadership Manuals”, Journal of Business Ethics, 65, 235-250.
- Geis, F.L. and T.H. Moon (1981) “Machiavellianism and Deception”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41, 766-775.
- Gilligan, C. (1982) In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women’s Development, Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
- Gordon F.S. (1988) Practical Ethics, New York: AMA Membership Pub.
- Guterman, S. (1970) The Machiavellians, Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
- Hood, N. (1998) Business Ethics and Transnational Corporation, in I.B. Jones, M.G. Pollitt (eds), The Role of Business Ethics in Economic Performance, Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave, Macmillan, 193-210..
- Jones, G.E. and M.J. Kavanagh (1996) “An Experimental Examination of the Effects of Individual and Situational Factors on Unethical Behavioral Intentions in the Workplace”, Journal of Business Ethics, 15, 511-523.
- Karande, K., M.N. Shankarmahesh, C.P.Rao. and Z.Rashid (2000) “Perceived Moral Intensity, Ethical Perception, and Ethical Intention of American and Malaysian Managers: A Comparative Study”, International Business Review, 9, 37-59.
- Kavak, B (2001) “Makyavelizm ile Tüketicinin Ahlaki Yargıları Arasındaki İlişkiye Yönelik Amprik Bir İnceleme”, Ev Ekonomisi Dergisi, 7(8), 11-20.
- Kenhove, V.P, I Vermeir and S. Verniers (2001) “An Empirical Investigation of the Relationships between Ethical Beliefs, Ethical Ideology, Political Preference and Need for Closure”, Journal of Business Ethics, 32, 347-361.
- Luthar, Harsh K and R. Karri (2005) “Exposure to Ethics Education and the Perception of Linkage between Organizational Ethical Behavior and Business Outcomes, Journal of Business Ethics, 61, 353-368.
- Machiavelli, N. (2000) Seçme Yazılar, (çev. H. Köse), Ankara: Öteki Ajans.
- Mcdonald, G.M. and R.A. Zepp (1988) “Ethical Perceptions of Hong Kong Chinese Business Managers”, Journal of Business Ethics, 7, 835-845.
- Mchoskey, J.W. (1999) “Machiavellianism, Adjustment and Ethics”, Psychological Reports, 85, 138.
- Muncy, J.A. and S.J. Vitell (1992) “Consumer Ethics: An investigation of the Ethical Beliefs of the Final Consumer”, Journal of Business Research, 24, 297-311.
- Nelson, D.L. and J.C. Quick (1997) Organizational Behaviour, Foundations Realities and Challenges, St.Poul M.N.: West Publishing Company.
- Onur, B. (1997) Gelişim Psikolojisi, İstanbul: İmge.
- Rawwas, M.Y.A., S.J. Vitell., Al-Khatip (1994) “Consumer Ethics: The Possible Effects of Terrorism and Civil Unrest on the Ethical Values of Consumers”, Journal of Business Ethics, 13, 223-231.
- Rawwas, M.Y.A. and A. Singhapakdi (1998) “Do Consumers’ Ethical Beliefs Vary With Age? A Substantiation of Kohlberg’s Typology in Marketing”, Journal of Marketing Theory & Practice, 6, 26-38.
- Reidenbach, R.E. and D.P. Robin (1990) “Toward the Development of a Multidimensional Scale for Improving Evaluations of Business Ethics”, Journal of Business Ethics, 9, 639-653.
- Ricks J. and J. Fraedrich (1999) “The Paradox of Machiavellianism: Machiavellianism May Make for Productive Sales but Poor Management Reviews”, Journal of Business Ethics, 20, 197-205.
- Robbins, S.P. (1998) Organizational Behavior: Concepts, Controversies, Applications, (Int. ed.), New Jersey: Prentice Hall Inc.
- Sirgy, M.J. (2002) “Measuring Corporate Performance by Building on the Stakeholder Model of Business Ethics”, Journal of Business Ethics, 35, 143-162.
- Skinner, Q. (2002) Düşüncenin Ustaları: Machiavelli, (çev. C. Atila), İstanbul: Altın Kitaplar Yayınevi.
- Tansal, S. (2002) “Etik Değerlere Evrensel Yaklaşım”, Türk Sermaye Piyasasında Mesleki/Etik Kurallar ve Yatırımcı Hakları Paneli, İstanbul: IMKB Konferans Salonu, (6 Mart 2002).
- Tunay, K.B. (2001) Finans Biliminde Yeni Yönelimler ve Çağdaş Finansçının Yetiştirilmesi Finans Sisteminde Yeni Yönelimler –Türk Finans Piyasalarının Bu Günü ve Geleceği”, İstanbul: Beta Yayınları.
- TÜSİAD (2005) Devlette Etikten Etik Devlete: Kamu Yönetiminde Etik Kavramsal Çerçeve ve Uluslar Arası Uygulamalar, Devlette Etik Altyapı Dizisi, 1(1), Kasım.
- TBB (2001) Bankacılık Etik İlkeleri, Tebliğ No: 1012, 1 Kasım 2001, İstanbul: Türkiye Bankalar Birliği.
Machiavellianism and Ethical Perception Relations: A Survey in the Banking Sector
Yıl 2009,
Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 83 - 104, 31.12.2009
Semra Güney
Gamze Mandacı
Öz
In the
literature, some studies have been conducted to investigate the relationship
between Machiavellianism and ethical perception concepts. This study aims to
identify the relationship between Machiavellianism and ethical perception
levels of some salespeople and marketing staff working in the public and
private banking sector in Ankara. According to the results of study, there is anegative
relationship between Machiavellianism and ethical perception levels of
subjects. Additionally, results indicate that gender and education have
statistically significant relationships with both Machiavellianism and ethical
perception levels of subjects.
Kaynakça
- Al-Khatib, J.A., C.J. Robertson, A.D. Stanton and S.J. Vitell (2002) “Business Ethics in the Arab Gulf States: A Three-Country Study”, International Business Review, 11, 97-111.
- Al-Khatip, J.A., S.J. Vitell and M.Y.A. Rawwas (1997) “Consumer Ethics: Across –Cultural Investigation”, European Journal of Marketing, 31, 750-767.
- Ang, H.S. and S.M. Leong (2000) “Out of the Mouths of Babes: Business Ethics and Youths in Asia”, Journal of Business Ethics, 28, 128-144.
- Arrow, K.J. (1972) “Gifts and Exchanges”, Philosophy and Public Affairs, 1, 343-362.
- Ayyoup, T. (2002) “UAB Calls For Banking. Code of Ethics”, Jordan Times, 25 August.
- Best, B. (1997) “International Business and Ethics: The Role for Ethical Displacement”, Business and the Contemporary World, IX (1), 209-227.
- Beu D.S, M.R. Buckley and M.G. Harvey (2003) “Ethical Decision-Making: A Multi-Dimensional Construct”, Business Ethics: A European Review, 12, 88–107.
- Bee D. and R.M. Buckley (2001) “The Hypothesized Relationship between Accountability and Ethical Behavior”, Journal of Business Ethics, 34, 57-73.
- Christie, R. and F.L. Geis (1970) Studies in Machiavellianism, New York: New York Academic Press, 10-34.
- Dawson, Leslie M. (1997) “Ethical Differences between Men and Women in the Sales Profession”, Journal of Business Ethics, 16, 1143–1152.
- Deiss, J. (2001) “The Swiss Financial Centre: Achievements and Challenges”, Speech on Financial Excellence, Milan.
- Donaldson, T. and T. Dunfee (1999) “When Ethics Travel: The Promise And Perils Of Global Business Ethics”, California Management Review, 41(4), 44-63.
- Ekin, M.G. and H.S. Tezölmez (1999) “Business Ethics in Turkey: An Empirical Investigation with Special Emphasis on Gender”, Journal of Business Ethics, 18, 17-34.
- Erffmeyer, R.C., B.D. Keillor and D.T. LeClair (1999) “An Empirical Investigation of Japanese Consumer Ethics”, Journal of Business Ethics, 18, 35-50.
Ergeneli, A. (2006) Örgüt ve İnsan, Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yayınları.
- Ergeneli, A. and S. Arıkan (2002) “Gender Differences in Ethical Perceptions of Salespeople: An Empirical Examination in Turkey”, Journal of Business Ethics, 40: 247-260.
- Ford, C.R. and W.D. Richardson (1994) “Ethical Decision Making: A Review of the Empirical Literature”, Journal of Business Ethics, 13, 205-221.
- Galie, P.J. and C. Bopst (2006) “Machiavelli & Modern Business: Realist Thought in Contemporary Corporate Leadership Manuals”, Journal of Business Ethics, 65, 235-250.
- Geis, F.L. and T.H. Moon (1981) “Machiavellianism and Deception”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41, 766-775.
- Gilligan, C. (1982) In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women’s Development, Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
- Gordon F.S. (1988) Practical Ethics, New York: AMA Membership Pub.
- Guterman, S. (1970) The Machiavellians, Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
- Hood, N. (1998) Business Ethics and Transnational Corporation, in I.B. Jones, M.G. Pollitt (eds), The Role of Business Ethics in Economic Performance, Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave, Macmillan, 193-210..
- Jones, G.E. and M.J. Kavanagh (1996) “An Experimental Examination of the Effects of Individual and Situational Factors on Unethical Behavioral Intentions in the Workplace”, Journal of Business Ethics, 15, 511-523.
- Karande, K., M.N. Shankarmahesh, C.P.Rao. and Z.Rashid (2000) “Perceived Moral Intensity, Ethical Perception, and Ethical Intention of American and Malaysian Managers: A Comparative Study”, International Business Review, 9, 37-59.
- Kavak, B (2001) “Makyavelizm ile Tüketicinin Ahlaki Yargıları Arasındaki İlişkiye Yönelik Amprik Bir İnceleme”, Ev Ekonomisi Dergisi, 7(8), 11-20.
- Kenhove, V.P, I Vermeir and S. Verniers (2001) “An Empirical Investigation of the Relationships between Ethical Beliefs, Ethical Ideology, Political Preference and Need for Closure”, Journal of Business Ethics, 32, 347-361.
- Luthar, Harsh K and R. Karri (2005) “Exposure to Ethics Education and the Perception of Linkage between Organizational Ethical Behavior and Business Outcomes, Journal of Business Ethics, 61, 353-368.
- Machiavelli, N. (2000) Seçme Yazılar, (çev. H. Köse), Ankara: Öteki Ajans.
- Mcdonald, G.M. and R.A. Zepp (1988) “Ethical Perceptions of Hong Kong Chinese Business Managers”, Journal of Business Ethics, 7, 835-845.
- Mchoskey, J.W. (1999) “Machiavellianism, Adjustment and Ethics”, Psychological Reports, 85, 138.
- Muncy, J.A. and S.J. Vitell (1992) “Consumer Ethics: An investigation of the Ethical Beliefs of the Final Consumer”, Journal of Business Research, 24, 297-311.
- Nelson, D.L. and J.C. Quick (1997) Organizational Behaviour, Foundations Realities and Challenges, St.Poul M.N.: West Publishing Company.
- Onur, B. (1997) Gelişim Psikolojisi, İstanbul: İmge.
- Rawwas, M.Y.A., S.J. Vitell., Al-Khatip (1994) “Consumer Ethics: The Possible Effects of Terrorism and Civil Unrest on the Ethical Values of Consumers”, Journal of Business Ethics, 13, 223-231.
- Rawwas, M.Y.A. and A. Singhapakdi (1998) “Do Consumers’ Ethical Beliefs Vary With Age? A Substantiation of Kohlberg’s Typology in Marketing”, Journal of Marketing Theory & Practice, 6, 26-38.
- Reidenbach, R.E. and D.P. Robin (1990) “Toward the Development of a Multidimensional Scale for Improving Evaluations of Business Ethics”, Journal of Business Ethics, 9, 639-653.
- Ricks J. and J. Fraedrich (1999) “The Paradox of Machiavellianism: Machiavellianism May Make for Productive Sales but Poor Management Reviews”, Journal of Business Ethics, 20, 197-205.
- Robbins, S.P. (1998) Organizational Behavior: Concepts, Controversies, Applications, (Int. ed.), New Jersey: Prentice Hall Inc.
- Sirgy, M.J. (2002) “Measuring Corporate Performance by Building on the Stakeholder Model of Business Ethics”, Journal of Business Ethics, 35, 143-162.
- Skinner, Q. (2002) Düşüncenin Ustaları: Machiavelli, (çev. C. Atila), İstanbul: Altın Kitaplar Yayınevi.
- Tansal, S. (2002) “Etik Değerlere Evrensel Yaklaşım”, Türk Sermaye Piyasasında Mesleki/Etik Kurallar ve Yatırımcı Hakları Paneli, İstanbul: IMKB Konferans Salonu, (6 Mart 2002).
- Tunay, K.B. (2001) Finans Biliminde Yeni Yönelimler ve Çağdaş Finansçının Yetiştirilmesi Finans Sisteminde Yeni Yönelimler –Türk Finans Piyasalarının Bu Günü ve Geleceği”, İstanbul: Beta Yayınları.
- TÜSİAD (2005) Devlette Etikten Etik Devlete: Kamu Yönetiminde Etik Kavramsal Çerçeve ve Uluslar Arası Uygulamalar, Devlette Etik Altyapı Dizisi, 1(1), Kasım.
- TBB (2001) Bankacılık Etik İlkeleri, Tebliğ No: 1012, 1 Kasım 2001, İstanbul: Türkiye Bankalar Birliği.