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A CURIOUS MERGER IN THE SEARCH FOR A DEMOCRATIC POLITICAL COMMUNITY: MICHAEL OAKESHOTT AND RADICAL DEMOCRACY

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 1, 83 - 101, 30.06.2013
https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.103657

Öz

Michael Oakeshott, one of the most influential theoreticians of the twentieth century, has been brought to the forefront surprisingly by a strand in democratic theory that advocates the radicalization of democracy. What is interesting is that Chantal Mouffe, the leading theoretician of the project of radical democracy argues that Oakeshott, who is known as one of the symbolic names of the conservative thought, could make an important contribution to their project. In doing that Mouffe is aware of the incongruence between their approaches but nevertheless she insists that Oakeshott’s conceptual and theoretical framework can be incorporated into radical democracy. As this article shows, the most important parallelism between the two approaches is their concern with individual and his/her life choices and with the danger and/or impossibility of politics of uniformity as well as their focus on the general rules that are supposed to regulate the intersection between the public and private. But they seriously diverge in their approach to the processes through which these rules emerge, in short, to the concept of politics: while Oakeshott has a consensus-oriented conception of politics which has no particular reference to the conflicts, antagonisms, unequal power relations or hegemony Mouffe’s conceptualization of politics is built completely on these phenomena. This in turn leads us to argue that these two approaches are indeed too different to be brought together or that the effort to bridge them is far from being persuading, since this pair seems artificial.

Kaynakça

  • Dunleavy, P., B. O’Leary (1987) “The New Right” in Theories of State: The Politics of Liberal Democracy, Macmillan, 72-98.
  • Eccleshall, R. (1992) “Michael Okakeshott and Sceptical Conservatism” in L. Tivey and A. Wright (eds.) Political Thought since 1945, London: Edward Elgar, 173-192.
  • Gerencser, S.A. (1999) “A Democratic Oakeshott?”, Political Research Quarterly, 52(4), 845-865.
  • Gerencser, S.A. (2002) “Oakeshott, Authority and Civil Disobedience”, The British Criminology Conference: Selected Proceedings, Vol. 5, Papers from the British Society of www.britsoccrim.org/bccsp/vol05/gerencser.htm. Conference, Keele, July 2002,
  • Gerencser, S.A. (2000) The Skeptic’s Oakeshott, New York: St. Martin’s Press.
  • Gray, J. (1993) Beyond the New Right, London: Routledge.
  • Gutmann, A. (1992) “Introduction” in C. Taylor and A. Gutmann (eds.) Multiculturalism and the Politics of Recognition, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Greenawalt, K. (1999) "On Public Reason" in Paul J. Weithman (ed.), Reasonable Pluralism, London: Garland Publishing Inc.
  • Hall, S., D. Held (1990) "Citizens and Citizenship" in S. Hall and M. Jacques (eds). New Times: The Changing Face of Politics in the 1990s, London: Lawrence & Wishart, 173-188.
  • Mouffe, C. (1992a) "Preface: Democratic Politics Today" in C. Mouffe (ed.) Dimensions of Radical Democracy: Pluralism, Citizenship, Community, London, NY: Verso, 1-14.
  • Mouffe, C. (1992b) "Democratic Citizenship and the Political Community" in C. Mouffe ed. Dimensions of Radical Democracy: Pluralism, Citizenship, Community, London: Verso, 225-239.
  • Mouffe, C. (1993) The Return of the Political, London: Verso.
  • Mouffe, C. (2000) The Democratic Paradox, London: Verso.
  • Letwin, S.R. (1978) “On Conservative Individualism” in M. Cowling (ed.) Conservative Essays, London: Cassell, 52-68.
  • Oakeshott, M. (1962a) “Rationalism in Politics” in Rationalism in Politics and Other Essays, London: Methuen, 1-36.
  • Oakeshott, M. (1962) “On Being Conservative” in Rationalism in Politics and Other Essays, London: Methuen, 168-196.
  • Oakeshott, M. (1975) On Human Conduct, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • O’Sullivan, N. (2002) “Why Read Oakeshott?”, Society, 39(3), 71-74.
  • Phillips, A. (1993) Democracy and Difference, Cambridge: Polity.

DEMOKRATIK TOPLUM ARAYIŞINDA TUHAF BIR BIRLEŞME: MICHAEL OAKESHOTT VE RADIKAL DEMOKRASI

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 1, 83 - 101, 30.06.2013
https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.103657

Öz

Demokratik Toplum Arayışında Tuhaf Bir Birleşme: Michael Oakeshott ve Radikal Demokrasi Yirminci yüzyıl siyasal düşüncesinin en etkili kuramcılarından Michael J. Oakeshott yakın dönemde umulmadık bir siyasal akım tarafından ilgi odağı haline getirildi. İlgi çekici olan, demokrasinin radikal bir yorumunu yapma iddiasındaki bir yaklaşımın en önde gelen temsilcisi Chantal Mouffe’un muhafazakar düşüncenin önde gelen temsilcilerinden biri olan Oakeshott’un kendi projeleri açısında açımlayıcı bir rol oynayabileceğini iddia etmesidir. Bunu yaparken Mouffe, kendi görüşleri ve Oakeshott’un bakış açısı arasındaki farklılığın ayırdındadır; ancak yine de Oakeshott’un kavramsal ve kuramsal çerçevesini radikal demokrasi projesine entegre edilebileceğini önermektedir. Bu çalışmanın da gösterdiği üzere iki yaklaşımın en önemli ortak noktası siyasal topluluk kavramıyla ilişkili olarak yazdıklarında siyasal topluluğu çerçeveleyen kuralların önemini, bu kuralların içeriğiyle ilgili olarak bireyi ve bireyin yaptığı seçimlerin önceliğini, bireyleri bütüncül toplumsal projelerde biraraya getirmeye çalışmanın imkansızlığını ve hatta tehlikesini vurgulamalarıdır. Ancak bu kuralların oluşum süreçlerine, yani aslında bir anlamda siyaset kavramına yaklaşımları neredeyse birbirine tamamen zıt kutupları yansıtmaktadır: Oakeshott uzlaşma kavramını esas alan, toplumun kendi dinamikleriyle şekillenen bir siyaset algısından söz eder ve çatışma, antagonizma, eşitsiz güç ilişkileri ve hegemonya gibi kavramlara hiç atıfta bulunmazken Mouffe tümüyle bu kavramlar üzerinde şekillenen bir siyaset anlayışını savunmaktadır. Bu ise aslında iki yaklaşımın biraraya gelemeyecek kadar farklı olduklarını ya da onları biraraya getirme çabalarının ikna edicilikten uzak ve yapay olduklarını düşünmemize yol açmaktadır

Kaynakça

  • Dunleavy, P., B. O’Leary (1987) “The New Right” in Theories of State: The Politics of Liberal Democracy, Macmillan, 72-98.
  • Eccleshall, R. (1992) “Michael Okakeshott and Sceptical Conservatism” in L. Tivey and A. Wright (eds.) Political Thought since 1945, London: Edward Elgar, 173-192.
  • Gerencser, S.A. (1999) “A Democratic Oakeshott?”, Political Research Quarterly, 52(4), 845-865.
  • Gerencser, S.A. (2002) “Oakeshott, Authority and Civil Disobedience”, The British Criminology Conference: Selected Proceedings, Vol. 5, Papers from the British Society of www.britsoccrim.org/bccsp/vol05/gerencser.htm. Conference, Keele, July 2002,
  • Gerencser, S.A. (2000) The Skeptic’s Oakeshott, New York: St. Martin’s Press.
  • Gray, J. (1993) Beyond the New Right, London: Routledge.
  • Gutmann, A. (1992) “Introduction” in C. Taylor and A. Gutmann (eds.) Multiculturalism and the Politics of Recognition, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Greenawalt, K. (1999) "On Public Reason" in Paul J. Weithman (ed.), Reasonable Pluralism, London: Garland Publishing Inc.
  • Hall, S., D. Held (1990) "Citizens and Citizenship" in S. Hall and M. Jacques (eds). New Times: The Changing Face of Politics in the 1990s, London: Lawrence & Wishart, 173-188.
  • Mouffe, C. (1992a) "Preface: Democratic Politics Today" in C. Mouffe (ed.) Dimensions of Radical Democracy: Pluralism, Citizenship, Community, London, NY: Verso, 1-14.
  • Mouffe, C. (1992b) "Democratic Citizenship and the Political Community" in C. Mouffe ed. Dimensions of Radical Democracy: Pluralism, Citizenship, Community, London: Verso, 225-239.
  • Mouffe, C. (1993) The Return of the Political, London: Verso.
  • Mouffe, C. (2000) The Democratic Paradox, London: Verso.
  • Letwin, S.R. (1978) “On Conservative Individualism” in M. Cowling (ed.) Conservative Essays, London: Cassell, 52-68.
  • Oakeshott, M. (1962a) “Rationalism in Politics” in Rationalism in Politics and Other Essays, London: Methuen, 1-36.
  • Oakeshott, M. (1962) “On Being Conservative” in Rationalism in Politics and Other Essays, London: Methuen, 168-196.
  • Oakeshott, M. (1975) On Human Conduct, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • O’Sullivan, N. (2002) “Why Read Oakeshott?”, Society, 39(3), 71-74.
  • Phillips, A. (1993) Democracy and Difference, Cambridge: Polity.
Toplam 19 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi
Yazarlar

Funda Onbaşı Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2013
Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Ocak 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2013 Cilt: 31 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Onbaşı, F. (2013). A CURIOUS MERGER IN THE SEARCH FOR A DEMOCRATIC POLITICAL COMMUNITY: MICHAEL OAKESHOTT AND RADICAL DEMOCRACY. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 31(1), 83-101. https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.103657
AMA Onbaşı F. A CURIOUS MERGER IN THE SEARCH FOR A DEMOCRATIC POLITICAL COMMUNITY: MICHAEL OAKESHOTT AND RADICAL DEMOCRACY. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. Haziran 2013;31(1):83-101. doi:10.17065/huniibf.103657
Chicago Onbaşı, Funda. “A CURIOUS MERGER IN THE SEARCH FOR A DEMOCRATIC POLITICAL COMMUNITY: MICHAEL OAKESHOTT AND RADICAL DEMOCRACY”. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 31, sy. 1 (Haziran 2013): 83-101. https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.103657.
EndNote Onbaşı F (01 Haziran 2013) A CURIOUS MERGER IN THE SEARCH FOR A DEMOCRATIC POLITICAL COMMUNITY: MICHAEL OAKESHOTT AND RADICAL DEMOCRACY. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 31 1 83–101.
IEEE F. Onbaşı, “A CURIOUS MERGER IN THE SEARCH FOR A DEMOCRATIC POLITICAL COMMUNITY: MICHAEL OAKESHOTT AND RADICAL DEMOCRACY”, Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 31, sy. 1, ss. 83–101, 2013, doi: 10.17065/huniibf.103657.
ISNAD Onbaşı, Funda. “A CURIOUS MERGER IN THE SEARCH FOR A DEMOCRATIC POLITICAL COMMUNITY: MICHAEL OAKESHOTT AND RADICAL DEMOCRACY”. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 31/1 (Haziran 2013), 83-101. https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.103657.
JAMA Onbaşı F. A CURIOUS MERGER IN THE SEARCH FOR A DEMOCRATIC POLITICAL COMMUNITY: MICHAEL OAKESHOTT AND RADICAL DEMOCRACY. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2013;31:83–101.
MLA Onbaşı, Funda. “A CURIOUS MERGER IN THE SEARCH FOR A DEMOCRATIC POLITICAL COMMUNITY: MICHAEL OAKESHOTT AND RADICAL DEMOCRACY”. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 31, sy. 1, 2013, ss. 83-101, doi:10.17065/huniibf.103657.
Vancouver Onbaşı F. A CURIOUS MERGER IN THE SEARCH FOR A DEMOCRATIC POLITICAL COMMUNITY: MICHAEL OAKESHOTT AND RADICAL DEMOCRACY. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2013;31(1):83-101.

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