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UYUM YÜZEYİ KURAMI AÇISINDAN BİLİŞİM TEKNOLOJİSİ STRATEJİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Yıl 2008, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 2, 163 - 182, 31.12.2008

Öz

Bilişim teknolojilerinin, işletmenin çevresi ile uyumu
ve bu uyumun ölçülmesi günümüzün karmaşık işletme sistemlerinde önemli bir
konudur. Bu çalışma, işletme stratejisini destekleyecek şekilde uygun bilişim
teknolojisi stratejilerinin oluşturulması gibi stratejik yönetim açısından çok
az çalışılan bir konuyu, bilişim teknolojileri uyumunun analitik doğasını
sunmaktadır. Çalışmada, uyum yüzeyi kuramına dayanan stratejik bilişim
teknolojisi yönetimi ile ilgili olarak bilişim teknolojileri uyumu bakış açısı
ele alınmaktadır. Bu bakış açısı, stratejik bilişim teknolojileri yönetiminin
bir ölçütü olarak uyum yüzeyi kuramının ve uyumun ölçülebilmesi için NK
modelinin kullanılabileceğini belirtmektedir.



 

Kaynakça

  • Alchian, A.A. (1950) “Uncertainity, Evolution, and Economic Theory”, Journal of Political Economy, 58, 211-221.
  • Andersen, E.S. (1991) “Techno-economic Paradigms as Typical Interfaces Between Producers and Consumers”, Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 1, 119-144.
  • Ansoff, H.I. ve E. McDonnall (1990) Implanting Strategic Management, Prentice Hall, New York.
  • Barca, M. (2005) “Stratejik Yönetim Düşüncesinin Evrimi: Bilimsel Bir Disiplinin Oluşum Hikayesi”, Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(1), 7-38.
  • Bassellier, G. and I. Benbasat (2004) “Business Competence of Information Technology Professionals: Conceptual Development and Influence on IT-Business Partnerships”, MIS Quarterly, 28(4), 673-694.
  • Beinhocker, E. D. (1999) “Robust Adaptive Strategies”, Sloan Management Review, 40(3), 95-106.
  • Benbya, H. and B. McKelvey (2006) "Using Coevolutionary and Complexity Theories to Improve IS Alignment: a Multi-level Approach", Journal of Information Technology, 21(4), 284-298.
  • Bharadwaj, A., V. Sambamurthy and R. Zmud (2002) “Firmwide IT Capability: An Empirical Examination of the Construct and its Links to Performance”, Working Paper, Emory University.
  • Bradshaw, G. (1992) “The Airplane and The Logic of Invention”, Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, 15, 239-250.
  • Brancheau, J.C., B.D. Janz and J.C.Wetherbe (1996) “Key Issues in Information Systems Management: 1994-95 SIM Delphi Results”, Management Information Systems Quarterly, 20, 225-242.
  • Brown, C.V. and V. Sambamurthy (1999) “Repositioning the IT Organization to Enable Business Transformation”, Pinnaflex Educational Resources, Cincinnati, OH. Byrd, T.A. and D.E. Turner (2000) “Measuring the Flexibility of Information Technology Infrastructure: Exploratory Analysis of a Construct”, Journal of Management Information Systems, 17(1), 167-208.
  • Byrd, T.A. and D.E. Turner (2001) “An Exploratory Analysis of the Value of the Skills of IT Personnel: Their Relationship to IS Infrastructure and Competitive Advantage”, Decision Sciences, 32(1), 21-54.
  • Byrd, T.A., B.R. Lewis and D.E. Turner (2004) “The Impact of IT Personnel Skills on IT Infrastructure and Competitive IS”, Information Resources Management Journal, 17(2), 38-62.
  • Ciborra, C.U. (1997) “De Profundis? Deconstructing the Concept of Strategic Alignment”, Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems, 9, 67-82.
  • Darwin, C. (1859) On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. John Murray, London. (erişim tarihi: 2 Kasım 2007, web adresi: http://etext.virginia.edu/toc/modeng/public/DarOrig.html)
  • Dennett, D. (1996) Darwin’s Dangerous Idea, Penguin, London.
  • Duncan, N. (1995) “Capturing Flexibility of Information Technology Infrastructure: A Study of Resource Characteristics and their Measure”, Journal of Management Information Systems, 12(2), 37-57.
  • Ein-Dor, P. and E. Segev (1982) “Organizational Context and MIS Structure: Some Empirical Evidence”, Management Information Systems Quarterly, 6, 55–68.
  • Faulkner, D. and G. Johnson (1992) The Challenge of Strategic Management, Kogan Page, London.
  • Feeny, D.F. and L.P. Willcocks (1998) “Core IS Capabilities or Exploiting Information Technology”, Sloan Management Review, 39(2), 9-21.
  • Fine, C.H. (1998) Clockspeed: Winning Industry Control in the Age of Temporary Advantage, Perseus Books, Reading, MA.
  • Frenken, K. (2000) “A Complexity Approach to Innovation Networks”, Research Policy, 29, 257-272.
  • Frenken, K. (2001) “Fitness Landscapes, Heuristics and Technological Paradigms: A Critique on Random Search Models in Evolutionary Economics”, American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings, 573(1), 558-565. Frenken, K. (2006) “A Fitness Landscape Approach to Technological Complexity, Modularity, and Vertical Disintegration”, Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 17, 288-305.
  • Frenken, K. (2006) Innovation, Evolution and Complexity Theory, Edward Elgar, Northampton.
  • Grant, R.M. (1991) “The Resource-Based Theory of Competitive Advantage: Implications for Strategy Formulation”, California Management Review, 33(3), 114-135.
  • Hamel, G. (1996) “Strategy as Revolution”, Harvard Business Review, 74(4), 69–82.
  • Hamel, G. and C.K. Prahalad (1994) Competing for The Future, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA.
  • Henderson, R. and K. Clark (1990) “Architectural Innovation”, Administrative Science Quarterly, 35, 9-30.
  • Hickson, D.J., C.R. Hinings, C.A. Lee, R.E. Schneck and J.M. Pennings (1971) "A Strategic Contingencies' Theory of Intraorganizational Power", Administrative Science Quarterly, 16(2), 216-229.
  • Johnson, J.L., R.P. Lee, A. Saini and B. Grohmann (2003) “Market-Focused Strategic Flexibility: Conceptual Advances and an Integrative Model”, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 31(1), 74-89.
  • Katz, D. ve R.L. Kahn (1978) The Social Psychology of Organizations, John Wiley, New York.
  • Kauffman, S.A. (1993) The Origins of Order: Self Organization and Selection in Evolution, Oxford University Press, New York.
  • Kauffman, S.A. and E.D. Weinberger (1989) “The NK Model of Rugged Fitness Landscapes and Its Application to Maturation of the Immune-Response”, Journal of Theoretical Biology, 141(2), 211-45.
  • Kay, N. M. (1997) Pattern in Corporate Evolution, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
  • Khazanchi, D. (2005) “Information Technology (IT) Appropriateness: The Contingency Theory of "Fit" and IT Implementation in Small and Medium Enterprises”, Journal of Computer Information Systems, 45(3), 88-95.
  • Lee, C.Y. and S.K. Han (1998) "Evolutionary Optimization Algorithm by Entropic Sampling", Physical Review, E 57, 3611-3617.
  • Levinthal, D. (1996) “Learning and Schumpeterian Dynamics”, in Malerba, G.D. (Ed.), Organization and Strategy in The Evolution of The Enterprise, Macmillan Press Ltd, Basingstoke.
  • Lewontin, R.C. (1974) The Genetic Basis of Evolutionary Change, Columbia University Press, New York.
  • Macken, C.A. and A.S. Perelson (1989) “Protein Evolution on Rugged Landscapes”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 86(16), 6191-6195.
  • McCarthy, I.P. (2003) “Technology Management – A Complex Adaptive Systems Approach”, International Journal of Technology Management, 25(8), 728-745.
  • McCarthy, I.P. (2004) “Manufacturing Strategy: Understanding the Fitness Landscape”, International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 24(2), 124-150.
  • McCarthy, I.P. ve Y.K. Tan (2000) “Manufacturing Competitiveness and Fitness Landscape Theory”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 107(1-3), 347-352.
  • McKelvey, B. (1999) “Self-Organization, Complexity, Catastrophe, and Microstate Models at The Edge Of Chaos”, in Baum, J.A.C. ve McKelvey, B. (Ed), Variations in Organization Science, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA, 279-307.
  • Mendelson, H. ve R.R. Pillai (1998) “Clockspeed and Informational Response: Evidence from the Information Technology Industry”, Information Systems Research 9(4), 415-433.
  • Miller, D. (1992) “Environmental Fit Versus Internal Fit”, Organization Science, 3(2), 159-178.
  • Nadler, D.A. ve M.L. Tushman (1980) “A Model for Diagnosing Organizational Behavior: Applying The Congruence Perspective”, Organizational Dynamics, 9(2), 35-51.
  • Orlikowski, W.J. (1996) “Improvising Organizational Transformation Over Time: A situated change perspective”, Information Systems Research, 7, 63-92.
  • Porter, M.E. (1996) “What is Strategy?”, Harvard Business Review 74(6), 61-77.
  • Ratle, A. (2001) "Kriging as a Surrogate Fitness Landscape in Evolutionary Optimization", Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing, 15, 37-49. Reich, B.H. ve I. Benbasat, (1996) “Measuring the Linkage Between Business and Information Technology Objectives”, MIS Quarterly, 20(1), 55-81.
  • Reuf, M. (1997) “Assessing Organizational Fitness on A Dynamic Landscape: An Empirical Test of The Relative Inertia Thesis”, Strategic Management Journal, 18(11), 837-853.
  • Ross, J.W., C.M. Beath and D.L. Goodhue (1996) “Develop Long-Term Competitiveness through IT Assets”, Sloan Management Review, 38(1), 31-45.
  • Rumelt, R.P., Schendel, D. and D.J. Teece (1994) “Fundamental Issues in Strategy”, R.P. Rumelt, D. Schendel ve D.J. Teece (Der.), Fundamental Issues in Strategy: A Research Agenda, 9-53, Harvard Business School Press, Boston.
  • Sambamurthy, V., A. Bharadwaj and V. Grover (2003) “Shaping Agility through Digital Options: Reconceptualizing the Role of Information Technology in Contemporary Firms”, MIS Quarterly, 27(2) 237-263.
  • Sarvan, F., E.D. Arıcı, J. Özen, B. Özdemir and E.T. İçigen (2003) “On Stratejik Yönetim Okulu: Biçimleşme Okulunun Bütünleştirici Çerçevesi”, Akdeniz İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, (6), 73-122.
  • Saviotti, P.P. (1996) Technological Evolution, Variety and the Economy, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham & Brookfield.
  • Seashore, S.E. ve E. Yuchtman (1967) “Factorial Analysis of Organizational Performance”, Administrative Science Quarterly, 12, 377-395.
  • Simon, H.A. (1969) The Sciences of The Artificial, MIT Press, Cambridge, London.
  • Spencer, H. (1851) Social Statics: or, The Conditions Essential to Human Happiness Specified, and the First of Them Developed, John Chapman, London.
  • Spencer, H. (1862) First Principles of a New system of Philosophy, D. Appleton and co. New York. (erişim tarihi: 2 Kasım 2007, web adresi: http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/toc/modeng/public/SpeFirs.html)
  • Tallon, P.P. (2007) “Inside The Adaptive Enterprise: An Information Technology Capabilities Perspective On Business Process Agility”, Working Paper, Center for Research on Information Technology and Organizations, University of California, Irvine.
  • Tallon, P.P., K.L. Kraemer and V. Gurbaxani (2000) “Executives' Perceptions of the Business Value of Information Technology: A Process-oriented Approach”, Journal of Management Information Systems, 16(4), 145-173. Weill, P. and H. Olson Marorethe (1989) “An Assessment of the Contingency Theory of Management Information Systems”, Journal of Management Information Systems, 6(1), 59-85.
  • Weinberger, E.D. (1991) “Local Properties of Kauffman N-K Model – A Tunably Rugged Energy Landscape”, Physical Review A, 44(10), 6399-413.
  • Wright, S. (1932) “The Roles of Mutation, Inbreeding, Crossbreeding and Selection in Evolution”, Proceedings of the Sixth International Congress of Genetics, 356-366.

UYUM YÜZEYİ KURAMI AÇISINDAN BİLİŞİM TEKNOLOJİSİ STRATEJİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Yıl 2008, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 2, 163 - 182, 31.12.2008

Öz

Fitness and fitness measurement of
information technologies with the rest of an organization’s environment remains
an important subject in today’s complex business systems. This paper presents
the analytical nature of fitness of information technologies to build
appropriate strategy about information technology that support business strategy
has rarely been taken into consideration in strategic management. A view of
fitness of information technology is presented about strategic information
technology management that builds on fitness landscape theory. This view
considers fitness landscape theory as strategic information technology
management’s measurement at business strategy level and suggests using  NK model to measure that fitness.

 

Kaynakça

  • Alchian, A.A. (1950) “Uncertainity, Evolution, and Economic Theory”, Journal of Political Economy, 58, 211-221.
  • Andersen, E.S. (1991) “Techno-economic Paradigms as Typical Interfaces Between Producers and Consumers”, Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 1, 119-144.
  • Ansoff, H.I. ve E. McDonnall (1990) Implanting Strategic Management, Prentice Hall, New York.
  • Barca, M. (2005) “Stratejik Yönetim Düşüncesinin Evrimi: Bilimsel Bir Disiplinin Oluşum Hikayesi”, Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(1), 7-38.
  • Bassellier, G. and I. Benbasat (2004) “Business Competence of Information Technology Professionals: Conceptual Development and Influence on IT-Business Partnerships”, MIS Quarterly, 28(4), 673-694.
  • Beinhocker, E. D. (1999) “Robust Adaptive Strategies”, Sloan Management Review, 40(3), 95-106.
  • Benbya, H. and B. McKelvey (2006) "Using Coevolutionary and Complexity Theories to Improve IS Alignment: a Multi-level Approach", Journal of Information Technology, 21(4), 284-298.
  • Bharadwaj, A., V. Sambamurthy and R. Zmud (2002) “Firmwide IT Capability: An Empirical Examination of the Construct and its Links to Performance”, Working Paper, Emory University.
  • Bradshaw, G. (1992) “The Airplane and The Logic of Invention”, Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, 15, 239-250.
  • Brancheau, J.C., B.D. Janz and J.C.Wetherbe (1996) “Key Issues in Information Systems Management: 1994-95 SIM Delphi Results”, Management Information Systems Quarterly, 20, 225-242.
  • Brown, C.V. and V. Sambamurthy (1999) “Repositioning the IT Organization to Enable Business Transformation”, Pinnaflex Educational Resources, Cincinnati, OH. Byrd, T.A. and D.E. Turner (2000) “Measuring the Flexibility of Information Technology Infrastructure: Exploratory Analysis of a Construct”, Journal of Management Information Systems, 17(1), 167-208.
  • Byrd, T.A. and D.E. Turner (2001) “An Exploratory Analysis of the Value of the Skills of IT Personnel: Their Relationship to IS Infrastructure and Competitive Advantage”, Decision Sciences, 32(1), 21-54.
  • Byrd, T.A., B.R. Lewis and D.E. Turner (2004) “The Impact of IT Personnel Skills on IT Infrastructure and Competitive IS”, Information Resources Management Journal, 17(2), 38-62.
  • Ciborra, C.U. (1997) “De Profundis? Deconstructing the Concept of Strategic Alignment”, Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems, 9, 67-82.
  • Darwin, C. (1859) On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. John Murray, London. (erişim tarihi: 2 Kasım 2007, web adresi: http://etext.virginia.edu/toc/modeng/public/DarOrig.html)
  • Dennett, D. (1996) Darwin’s Dangerous Idea, Penguin, London.
  • Duncan, N. (1995) “Capturing Flexibility of Information Technology Infrastructure: A Study of Resource Characteristics and their Measure”, Journal of Management Information Systems, 12(2), 37-57.
  • Ein-Dor, P. and E. Segev (1982) “Organizational Context and MIS Structure: Some Empirical Evidence”, Management Information Systems Quarterly, 6, 55–68.
  • Faulkner, D. and G. Johnson (1992) The Challenge of Strategic Management, Kogan Page, London.
  • Feeny, D.F. and L.P. Willcocks (1998) “Core IS Capabilities or Exploiting Information Technology”, Sloan Management Review, 39(2), 9-21.
  • Fine, C.H. (1998) Clockspeed: Winning Industry Control in the Age of Temporary Advantage, Perseus Books, Reading, MA.
  • Frenken, K. (2000) “A Complexity Approach to Innovation Networks”, Research Policy, 29, 257-272.
  • Frenken, K. (2001) “Fitness Landscapes, Heuristics and Technological Paradigms: A Critique on Random Search Models in Evolutionary Economics”, American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings, 573(1), 558-565. Frenken, K. (2006) “A Fitness Landscape Approach to Technological Complexity, Modularity, and Vertical Disintegration”, Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 17, 288-305.
  • Frenken, K. (2006) Innovation, Evolution and Complexity Theory, Edward Elgar, Northampton.
  • Grant, R.M. (1991) “The Resource-Based Theory of Competitive Advantage: Implications for Strategy Formulation”, California Management Review, 33(3), 114-135.
  • Hamel, G. (1996) “Strategy as Revolution”, Harvard Business Review, 74(4), 69–82.
  • Hamel, G. and C.K. Prahalad (1994) Competing for The Future, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA.
  • Henderson, R. and K. Clark (1990) “Architectural Innovation”, Administrative Science Quarterly, 35, 9-30.
  • Hickson, D.J., C.R. Hinings, C.A. Lee, R.E. Schneck and J.M. Pennings (1971) "A Strategic Contingencies' Theory of Intraorganizational Power", Administrative Science Quarterly, 16(2), 216-229.
  • Johnson, J.L., R.P. Lee, A. Saini and B. Grohmann (2003) “Market-Focused Strategic Flexibility: Conceptual Advances and an Integrative Model”, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 31(1), 74-89.
  • Katz, D. ve R.L. Kahn (1978) The Social Psychology of Organizations, John Wiley, New York.
  • Kauffman, S.A. (1993) The Origins of Order: Self Organization and Selection in Evolution, Oxford University Press, New York.
  • Kauffman, S.A. and E.D. Weinberger (1989) “The NK Model of Rugged Fitness Landscapes and Its Application to Maturation of the Immune-Response”, Journal of Theoretical Biology, 141(2), 211-45.
  • Kay, N. M. (1997) Pattern in Corporate Evolution, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
  • Khazanchi, D. (2005) “Information Technology (IT) Appropriateness: The Contingency Theory of "Fit" and IT Implementation in Small and Medium Enterprises”, Journal of Computer Information Systems, 45(3), 88-95.
  • Lee, C.Y. and S.K. Han (1998) "Evolutionary Optimization Algorithm by Entropic Sampling", Physical Review, E 57, 3611-3617.
  • Levinthal, D. (1996) “Learning and Schumpeterian Dynamics”, in Malerba, G.D. (Ed.), Organization and Strategy in The Evolution of The Enterprise, Macmillan Press Ltd, Basingstoke.
  • Lewontin, R.C. (1974) The Genetic Basis of Evolutionary Change, Columbia University Press, New York.
  • Macken, C.A. and A.S. Perelson (1989) “Protein Evolution on Rugged Landscapes”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 86(16), 6191-6195.
  • McCarthy, I.P. (2003) “Technology Management – A Complex Adaptive Systems Approach”, International Journal of Technology Management, 25(8), 728-745.
  • McCarthy, I.P. (2004) “Manufacturing Strategy: Understanding the Fitness Landscape”, International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 24(2), 124-150.
  • McCarthy, I.P. ve Y.K. Tan (2000) “Manufacturing Competitiveness and Fitness Landscape Theory”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 107(1-3), 347-352.
  • McKelvey, B. (1999) “Self-Organization, Complexity, Catastrophe, and Microstate Models at The Edge Of Chaos”, in Baum, J.A.C. ve McKelvey, B. (Ed), Variations in Organization Science, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA, 279-307.
  • Mendelson, H. ve R.R. Pillai (1998) “Clockspeed and Informational Response: Evidence from the Information Technology Industry”, Information Systems Research 9(4), 415-433.
  • Miller, D. (1992) “Environmental Fit Versus Internal Fit”, Organization Science, 3(2), 159-178.
  • Nadler, D.A. ve M.L. Tushman (1980) “A Model for Diagnosing Organizational Behavior: Applying The Congruence Perspective”, Organizational Dynamics, 9(2), 35-51.
  • Orlikowski, W.J. (1996) “Improvising Organizational Transformation Over Time: A situated change perspective”, Information Systems Research, 7, 63-92.
  • Porter, M.E. (1996) “What is Strategy?”, Harvard Business Review 74(6), 61-77.
  • Ratle, A. (2001) "Kriging as a Surrogate Fitness Landscape in Evolutionary Optimization", Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing, 15, 37-49. Reich, B.H. ve I. Benbasat, (1996) “Measuring the Linkage Between Business and Information Technology Objectives”, MIS Quarterly, 20(1), 55-81.
  • Reuf, M. (1997) “Assessing Organizational Fitness on A Dynamic Landscape: An Empirical Test of The Relative Inertia Thesis”, Strategic Management Journal, 18(11), 837-853.
  • Ross, J.W., C.M. Beath and D.L. Goodhue (1996) “Develop Long-Term Competitiveness through IT Assets”, Sloan Management Review, 38(1), 31-45.
  • Rumelt, R.P., Schendel, D. and D.J. Teece (1994) “Fundamental Issues in Strategy”, R.P. Rumelt, D. Schendel ve D.J. Teece (Der.), Fundamental Issues in Strategy: A Research Agenda, 9-53, Harvard Business School Press, Boston.
  • Sambamurthy, V., A. Bharadwaj and V. Grover (2003) “Shaping Agility through Digital Options: Reconceptualizing the Role of Information Technology in Contemporary Firms”, MIS Quarterly, 27(2) 237-263.
  • Sarvan, F., E.D. Arıcı, J. Özen, B. Özdemir and E.T. İçigen (2003) “On Stratejik Yönetim Okulu: Biçimleşme Okulunun Bütünleştirici Çerçevesi”, Akdeniz İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, (6), 73-122.
  • Saviotti, P.P. (1996) Technological Evolution, Variety and the Economy, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham & Brookfield.
  • Seashore, S.E. ve E. Yuchtman (1967) “Factorial Analysis of Organizational Performance”, Administrative Science Quarterly, 12, 377-395.
  • Simon, H.A. (1969) The Sciences of The Artificial, MIT Press, Cambridge, London.
  • Spencer, H. (1851) Social Statics: or, The Conditions Essential to Human Happiness Specified, and the First of Them Developed, John Chapman, London.
  • Spencer, H. (1862) First Principles of a New system of Philosophy, D. Appleton and co. New York. (erişim tarihi: 2 Kasım 2007, web adresi: http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/toc/modeng/public/SpeFirs.html)
  • Tallon, P.P. (2007) “Inside The Adaptive Enterprise: An Information Technology Capabilities Perspective On Business Process Agility”, Working Paper, Center for Research on Information Technology and Organizations, University of California, Irvine.
  • Tallon, P.P., K.L. Kraemer and V. Gurbaxani (2000) “Executives' Perceptions of the Business Value of Information Technology: A Process-oriented Approach”, Journal of Management Information Systems, 16(4), 145-173. Weill, P. and H. Olson Marorethe (1989) “An Assessment of the Contingency Theory of Management Information Systems”, Journal of Management Information Systems, 6(1), 59-85.
  • Weinberger, E.D. (1991) “Local Properties of Kauffman N-K Model – A Tunably Rugged Energy Landscape”, Physical Review A, 44(10), 6399-413.
  • Wright, S. (1932) “The Roles of Mutation, Inbreeding, Crossbreeding and Selection in Evolution”, Proceedings of the Sixth International Congress of Genetics, 356-366.
Toplam 63 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi
Yazarlar

H. Kemal İlter

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2008
Gönderilme Tarihi 25 Mayıs 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2008 Cilt: 26 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA İlter, H. K. (2008). UYUM YÜZEYİ KURAMI AÇISINDAN BİLİŞİM TEKNOLOJİSİ STRATEJİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 26(2), 163-182.
AMA İlter HK. UYUM YÜZEYİ KURAMI AÇISINDAN BİLİŞİM TEKNOLOJİSİ STRATEJİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. Eylül 2008;26(2):163-182.
Chicago İlter, H. Kemal. “UYUM YÜZEYİ KURAMI AÇISINDAN BİLİŞİM TEKNOLOJİSİ STRATEJİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME”. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 26, sy. 2 (Eylül 2008): 163-82.
EndNote İlter HK (01 Eylül 2008) UYUM YÜZEYİ KURAMI AÇISINDAN BİLİŞİM TEKNOLOJİSİ STRATEJİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 26 2 163–182.
IEEE H. K. İlter, “UYUM YÜZEYİ KURAMI AÇISINDAN BİLİŞİM TEKNOLOJİSİ STRATEJİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME”, Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 26, sy. 2, ss. 163–182, 2008.
ISNAD İlter, H. Kemal. “UYUM YÜZEYİ KURAMI AÇISINDAN BİLİŞİM TEKNOLOJİSİ STRATEJİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME”. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 26/2 (Eylül 2008), 163-182.
JAMA İlter HK. UYUM YÜZEYİ KURAMI AÇISINDAN BİLİŞİM TEKNOLOJİSİ STRATEJİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2008;26:163–182.
MLA İlter, H. Kemal. “UYUM YÜZEYİ KURAMI AÇISINDAN BİLİŞİM TEKNOLOJİSİ STRATEJİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME”. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 26, sy. 2, 2008, ss. 163-82.
Vancouver İlter HK. UYUM YÜZEYİ KURAMI AÇISINDAN BİLİŞİM TEKNOLOJİSİ STRATEJİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2008;26(2):163-82.

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