Douglass C. North, Metodolojik Bireycilik ve Rasyonalite

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 42 Sayı: 4, 555 - 568, 25.12.2024

Yusuf Kaan Acar

https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.1416667

Öz

Yeni Kurumsal İktisadın en önemli isimlerinden biri Douglass C. North”tur. North’un “Bir toplumda oynanan oyunun kuralları” olarak belirlediği kurum tanımı günümüzdeki birçok kurumsal iktisatçı tarafından benimsenmiş durumdadır. Bunun yanında North, kariyerinin son dönemlerinde kurumların sadece toplumsal rollerini vurgulamakla kalmamış, bireysel etkilerini de ele alacak şekilde daha geniş bir kurumsal perspektif ortaya koymuştur. Bunu yaparken de Neoklasik İktisadın bireyini eleştirel bir biçimde ele alarak çeşitli bireysel analizler için farklı bir yol sunmuştur. Bunun sonucunda Neoklasik İktisattan bir hayli uzaklaşmış, hatta zaman zaman heterodoks bir yaklaşım olan eski kurumsalcılıkla ortak bazı temalara da değinmiştir. Zihinsel modellerin ve kültürün önemini vurgulayan North, bu alanda yaptığı çalışmalarla iktisatçılara yeni bir ufuk açmıştır. Vardığı noktada ise iktisatçıların bireyi daha doğru bir şekilde analiz etmeleri gerektiğini ve bunu bilişsel bilimler ile iktisat arasında ortak temalar belirleyerek yapabileceklerini ortaya koymuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı North’un eleştirileri bağlamında iktisat biliminin bireyci yaklaşımını ele alarak, bu yaklaşımın nasıl daha sağlıklı hale getirilebileceğinin tartışılmasıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kurum, Metodolojik Bireycilik, Rasyonalite

Douglass C. North, Methodological Individualism and Rationality

Öz

One of the most important names of the New Institutional Economics is Douglass C. North. North” 's definition of institutions as “the rules of the game played in a society” has been adopted by many institutional economists today. In addition, late in his career, North emphasized the social role of institutions and introduced a broader institutional perspective to address their individual effects. In doing so, he critically analyzed the individual in Neoclassical Economics and offered a different way for various individual analyses. As a result, he has moved away from Neoclassical Economics and even occasionally touched upon some common themes with old institutionalism, which is a heterodox approach. Emphasizing the importance of mental models and culture, North opened a new horizon for economists with his studies in this field. He concluded that economists need to analyze the individual more accurately and that they can do this by establishing common themes between cognitive sciences and economics. This study aims to discuss the individualist approach of economics in the context of North”s criticisms and how this approach can be made healthier.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Institutions, Methodological Individualism, Rationality

Kaynakça

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