Türkçe Gürültüde Konuşmayı Anlama Testi: Erişkin İşitme Taramalarına Yeni Bakış Açısı

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 352 - 364, 31.08.2023

Aysun Parlak Kocabay Emre Gürses Didem Türkyılmaz

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı yetişkin işitme tarama testlerinde kullanılmak üzere hızlı ve pratik bir Türkçe Gürültüde Konuşmayı Anlama Testi (GKAT) geliştirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: GKAT, sabit sinyal gürültü oranlarında fonetik dengeli 25 adet tek heceli kelimenin çoklu konuşmacı gürültüsü içerisine eklenmesiyle oluşturulmuştur. Sinyal 70 dB ses basınç seviyesinde sabit olup, gürültü şiddeti değiştirilerek 6 farklı Sinyal gürültü oranı (SGO) oluşturulmuştur: +10 dB, +6 dB, +3 dB, 0 dB, -3 dB, -6 dB. 20-60 yaş arasındaki 106 birey çalışmamıza dahil edilmiştir.
Bulgular: 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-60 yaş gruplarının +10, +6, +3, 0, -3, -6 SGO oranlarında GKAT ortalama değerleri oluşturulmuştur. Yaş grupları içerisinde SGO değişimine göre GKAT skorlarının değişimi değerlendirilmiş, tüm yaş gruplarında sinyal gürültü oranının azalması ile konuşmayı ayırt etme skorlarındaki düşüş istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0.01).
Sonuç: Yetişkin işitme taramalarında kullanılmak üzere, günlük hayattaki işitsel performansı yansıtacak şekilde oluşturulan Türkçe Gürültüde Konuşmayı Anlama Testi alana sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

gürültüde konuşmayı anlama, işitme taraması, işitme kaybı

Turkish Speech in Noise Test: The New Perspective in Adult Hearing Screening

Öz

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop a quick and practical Turkish speech in noise test for use in adult hearing screening tests.
Materials and Methods: The Turkish speech in noise test was created by including 25 phonetically balanced monosyllabic words at constant signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) into the multi-speaker noise. The signal was stable at 70 dB SPL and 6 different SNR were created changing the noise level: +10 dB, +6 dB, +3 dB, 0 dB, -3 dB, -6 dB SNR. In total, 106 individuals between the ages of 20-60 were included in our study.
Results: The mean data for the 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-60 age groups were created with +10 dB, +6 dB, +3 dB, 0 dB, -3 dB, -6 dB SNR. The change in Turkish speech in noise test scores according to the SNR values within age groups was evaluated, and the decrease in speech discrimination scores derived from decreasing SNR were found to be statistically significant in all age groups (p<0.01).
Conclusion: The Turkish speech in noise test created to reflect the auditory performance in everyday life was presented to the field for adult hearing screenings.

Anahtar Kelimeler

speech in noise, hearing screening, hearing loss

Kaynakça

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