Öğrenme ve Bellek Deneylerinde Deney Hayvanlarına Yaklaşım ve Deney Modellerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Öğrenme ve bellek, canlıların yeni bilgiler edinip depolanmasını ve gerektiğinde geri çağrılmasını sağlayan ve yaşamlarını sağlıklı bir şekilde devam ettirebilmeleri için gerekli olan bir süreçlerdir. Öğrenme ve bellek ile ilgili beynimizin ana bölümleri amigdala, hipokampus, beyincik ve prefron-tal kortekstir. Bu alanlardaki bozulmalar öğrenme ve bellek mekanizmalarını etkilemektedir. Hayvan çalışmaları insanlarda öğrenme ve bellek bozukluklarının patofizyolojisi hakkında önemli bilgiler sunarak tedavi için yeni farmakolojik ajanların keşfedilmesine katkıda bulunur. Ancak hayvan çalışmalarına başlamadan önce yapılacak çalışmanın amacını ve bu amaca ulaşabilmek için çalışmada hangi tür deney hayvanının kullanılacağını ve bu tür deney hayvanında hangi test ve modelin uygun olduğunu belirlemek, seçilen hayvan türünde modelin geçerliliği ve güvenilirliği hakkında bilgi sahibi olmak oldukça önem arz eder. Bu amaçla bu derlemede, deney hayvanla-rında yaygın olarak kullanılan öğrenme ve bellek modelleri ve testleriyle ilgili temel bilgilerin sunulması ve testler arasında bir kıyaslama yapma imkanının sunulması amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Öğrenme
• Bellek
• Öğrenme ve Bellek Testleri
• Hayvan Davranışı

Approach to Experimental Animals in Learning and Memory Experiments and Evaluation of Experimental Models

Öz

Learning and memory are processes that enable living beings to acquire and store new informa-tion and recall it when necessary, and are necessary for them to continue their lives in a healthy way. The main parts of our brain related to learning and memory are the amygdala, hippocam-pus, cerebellum and prefrontal cortex. Deteriorations in these areas affect learning and memory mechanisms. Animal studies provide important information about the pathophysiology of lear-ning and memory disorders in humans and contribute to the discovery of new pharmacological agents for treatment. However, before starting animal studies, it is very important to determine the purpose of the study to be conducted, which type of experimental animal will be used in the study to achieve this purpose, which test and model are appropriate for this type of experimen-tal animal, and to have information about the validity and reliability of the model in the selected animal species. For this purpose, this review aims to present basic information about learning and memory models and tests commonly used in experimental animals and to provide the op-portunity to make a comparison between the tests.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Learning
• Memory
• Learning and Memory Tests
• Animal Behavior

Kaynakça

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