Araştırma Makalesi

Machine Learning Based Investigation of Relation Between Patient and Glabellar Wrinkle Characteristics

Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2 27 Haziran 2025
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Machine Learning Based Investigation of Relation Between Patient and Glabellar Wrinkle Characteristics

Öz

Background: The skin around the glabella area is the region most affected by the underlying muscle activity during facial expressions and wrinkling. Although glabellar lines or wrinkles are commonly considered a cosmetic concern in the facial region, objective clinical assessment of this condition remains important. This study investi-gated the relationship between various patient characteristics, potentially reflecting lifestyle and physiological factors, and glabellar wrinkle patterns, which were categorized according to distinct muscle contraction types described in the literature. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from a total of 870 patients. One of the study's primary objectives was to explore the potential of using multiple patient-related variables in a machine learning-based prediction system while identifying the most influential characteristics associated with glabellar wrinkles. Multiple super-vised machine learning algorithms were employed to uncover potentially nonlinear associations and identify the most informative predictors, including Naïve Bayes, Random Forest, Logistic Regression, and K-Nearest Neigh-bors. Each model was tested across all possible feature subsets to evaluate their predictive performance. Results: The study aimed to demonstrate that a machine learning-based approach could be functional for the early prediction of glabellar wrinkles. The analysis revealed significant associations between patient characteris-tics, such as age, gender, education, marital status, and occupation, and distinct glabellar wrinkle patterns. Fur-thermore, the machine learning models demonstrated that these characteristics could be used to predict wrin-kle types with considerable performance. In the best scenario, separating the U-type pattern from others, an F1 score of 0.71 was achieved using K-Nearest Neighbors, supporting the potential for early identification and personalized intervention planning. Conclusions: The study confirmed that specific patient characteristics are strongly related to the formation of different glabellar wrinkle types. In addition, machine learning-based predictive systems showed promising performance, indicating their potential use in supporting clinicians with personalized cosmetic assessments and early intervention strategies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

Çukurova University Scientific Research Projects Unit

Proje Numarası

TSA-2024-16787

Etik Beyan

This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine at Çukurova University on June 2, 2023 (approval number 134/44).

Teşekkür

We would like to thank to Çukurova University Scientific Research Projects Unit (project number TSA-2024-16787).

Kaynakça

  1. 1. Kim HS, Kim C, Cho H, Hwang JY, Kim YS. A study on glabellar wrinkle patterns in Koreans. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2014;28(10):1332-1339.
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  3. 3. de Almeida ART, da Costa Marques ER, Kadunc BV. Glabellar wrin-kles: a pilot study of contraction patterns. Surg Cosmet Dermatol. 2010;2(1):23-28.
  4. 4. Carruthers J, Fagien S, Matarasso SL, Botox Consensus Group. Con-sensus recommendations on the use of botulinum toxin type A in facial aesthetics. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2004;114(6):1S-22S.
  5. 5. Draelos ZD. The shrinking world: skin considerations in a global community. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2006;5(1):1-2.
  6. 6. Rexbye H, Petersen I, Johansens M, Klitkou L, Jeune B, Christensen K. Influence of environmental factors on facial ageing. Age Ageing. 2006;35(2):110-115.
  7. 7. Shah SAA, Bennamoun M, Molton MK. Machine learning approaches for prediction of facial rejuvenation using real and synthetic data. IEEE Access. 2019;7:23779-23787.
  8. 8. Yap MH, Batool N, Ng CC, Rogers M, Walker K. A survey on facial wrinkles detection and inpainting: datasets, methods, and challeng-es. IEEE Trans Emerg Top Comput Intell. 2021;5(4):505-519.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Dermatoloji

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Erken Görünüm Tarihi

25 Haziran 2025

Yayımlanma Tarihi

27 Haziran 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

15 Mayıs 2025

Kabul Tarihi

25 Haziran 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA
Cengizler, Ç., Kabakcı, A. G., Eren, D., Bozkır, D. M., Esen, E. E., Türközer, Y., & Bozkır, M. G. (2025). Machine Learning Based Investigation of Relation Between Patient and Glabellar Wrinkle Characteristics. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(2), 381-387. https://doi.org/10.35440/hutfd.1689703
AMA
1.Cengizler Ç, Kabakcı AG, Eren D, vd. Machine Learning Based Investigation of Relation Between Patient and Glabellar Wrinkle Characteristics. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2025;22(2):381-387. doi:10.35440/hutfd.1689703
Chicago
Cengizler, Çağlar, Ayşe Gül Kabakcı, Dilek Eren, vd. 2025. “Machine Learning Based Investigation of Relation Between Patient and Glabellar Wrinkle Characteristics”. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 22 (2): 381-87. https://doi.org/10.35440/hutfd.1689703.
EndNote
Cengizler Ç, Kabakcı AG, Eren D, Bozkır DM, Esen EE, Türközer Y, Bozkır MG (01 Haziran 2025) Machine Learning Based Investigation of Relation Between Patient and Glabellar Wrinkle Characteristics. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 22 2 381–387.
IEEE
[1]Ç. Cengizler vd., “Machine Learning Based Investigation of Relation Between Patient and Glabellar Wrinkle Characteristics”, Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 22, sy 2, ss. 381–387, Haz. 2025, doi: 10.35440/hutfd.1689703.
ISNAD
Cengizler, Çağlar - Kabakcı, Ayşe Gül - Eren, Dilek - Bozkır, Dursun Murat - Esen, Eda Esra - Türközer, Yaşam - Bozkır, Memduha Gülhal. “Machine Learning Based Investigation of Relation Between Patient and Glabellar Wrinkle Characteristics”. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 22/2 (01 Haziran 2025): 381-387. https://doi.org/10.35440/hutfd.1689703.
JAMA
1.Cengizler Ç, Kabakcı AG, Eren D, Bozkır DM, Esen EE, Türközer Y, Bozkır MG. Machine Learning Based Investigation of Relation Between Patient and Glabellar Wrinkle Characteristics. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2025;22:381–387.
MLA
Cengizler, Çağlar, vd. “Machine Learning Based Investigation of Relation Between Patient and Glabellar Wrinkle Characteristics”. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 22, sy 2, Haziran 2025, ss. 381-7, doi:10.35440/hutfd.1689703.
Vancouver
1.Çağlar Cengizler, Ayşe Gül Kabakcı, Dilek Eren, Dursun Murat Bozkır, Eda Esra Esen, Yaşam Türközer, Memduha Gülhal Bozkır. Machine Learning Based Investigation of Relation Between Patient and Glabellar Wrinkle Characteristics. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 01 Haziran 2025;22(2):381-7. doi:10.35440/hutfd.1689703

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