Retrospective Analysis of Patients Surgically Treated for Maxillofacial Trauma: A Single-Centre Experience

Öz

 Background: This study aimed to identify regional trauma patterns by evaluating demographic characteristics, trauma etiologies, fracture localisations, and surgical treatment methods in patients who underwent surgical management for maxillofacial trauma (MFT).

Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 182 patients who received surgical treatment for MFT between January 2021 and June 2025. Demographic data, trauma etiologies, fracture sites, fracture types, and surgical techniques were reviewed using patient medical records and the hospital information system. Fractures were classified based on anatomical location and number.

Results: The majority of patients were male (85.7%), with a mean age of 38 years. Assault was the most common cause of trauma. Single fractures were observed in 67.6% of cases, while 32.4% presented with multiple fractures. Among isolated fractures, the mandible (34.1%) and zygoma (25.3%) were the most frequently affected sites. In multiple fractures, the most common combinations involved the maxilla (28.6%), mandible (24.4%), and nasal bones (22.7%). Of the 132 mandibular fractures, subcondylar fractures were the most prevalent (29.5%). Le Fort II fractures were the most common maxillary fractures, tripod fractures predominated among zygomatic fractures, and anterior wall involvement was most frequent in frontal sinus fractures. Of the total 235 fractures, 201 were treated with open reduction and internal fixation, while 34 underwent closed reduction.

Conclusions: MFTs in Samsun province predominantly affected young male patients, with assault and traffic accidents being the leading etiologies. Mandibular and zygomatic fractures were the most common fracture types. These findings provide a better understanding of regional MFT patterns.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Maxillary fractures
• Maxillofacial trauma
• Mandibular fractures
• Surgical approach
• Zygomatic fractures

Maksillofasiyal Travma Nedeniyle Cerrahi Tedavi Uygulanan Hastaların Retrospektif Analizi: Tek Merkez Deneyimi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, kliniğimizde maksillofasiyal travma (MFT) nedeniyle cerrahi tedavi uygulanan hastaların demografik özellikleri, travma etiyolojileri, kırık lokalizasyonları ve cerrahi tedavi yöntemlerini değerlendirerek bölgesel travma paternlerini ortaya koymaktır.
Materyal ve metod: Bu retrospektif çalışmaya Ocak 2021–Haziran 2025 tarihleri arasında MFT nedeniyle cerrahi tedavi uygulanan 182 hasta dahil edildi. Demografik veriler, travma etiyolojileri, kırık lokalizasyonları, kırık tipleri ve uygulanan cerrahi teknikler hasta dosyaları ve hastane bilgi sistemi üzerinden geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Kırıklar anatomik lokalizasyonlarına ve sayılarına göre sınıflandırıldı.
Bulgular: Hastaların %85,7’si erkek olup, ortalama yaş 38 idi. Travmanın en sık nedeni darp olarak saptandı. Olguların %67,6’sında tek kırık, %32,4’ünde ise çoklu kırık mevcuttu. İzole kırıklar arasında en sık mandibula (%34,1) ve zigoma (%25,3) yer aldı. Çoklu kırıklarda en sık kombinasyonlar maksilla (%28,6), mandibula (%24,4) ve nazal kemikler (%22,7) idi. Toplam 132 mandibula kırığının en sık alt tipi subkondiler kırıklar (%29,5) olarak belirlendi. Maksilla kırıkları içinde en sık Le Fort II, zigomatik kırıklar içinde tripod tipi, frontal sinüs kırıkları içinde ise ön duvar tutulumu gözlendi. Toplam 235 kırığın 201’i açık redüksiyon ve internal fiksasyon, 34’ü ise kapalı redüksiyon ile tedavi edildi.
Sonuç: Samsun ilinde MFT’ler en sık genç erkeklerde görülmekte olup, başlıca etiyolojik faktörler darp ve trafik kazalarıdır. Mandibula ve zigoma kırıkları en sık saptanan kırık tipleridir. Bu bulgular bölgesel maksillofasiyal travma paternlerinin anlaşılmasına katkı sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cerrahi yaklaşım
• Maksiller kırıklar
• Maksillofasiyal travma
• Mandibular kırıklar
• Zigoma kırıkları

Kaynakça

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