Ev Tozu Akarı Alerjisi Olan Hastalarda Ev Tozu Akarından Kaçınma Stratejilerine Uyumun Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Amaç: Ev tozu akarı (ETA) alerjisi, hem çocukları hem de yetişkinleri etkileyen önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Hastanın çevresel kontrol önlemlerine uyumu farklılık gösterebilir. Bu çalışma, ETA alerjisi olan ailelerin evlerinde akar korunma önlemlerine uyumlarını değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır.

Materyal ve metod: Bu çalışmaya ETA alerjisi olan 203 çocuğun [132 erkek, 71 kız; ortanca yaş, 9,6 yıl; çeyrekler arası aralık (IQR), 6-13 yıl] aileleri dahil edildi. Ailelerin demografik özellikleri,ev ortamı ve ETA korunma önlemlerine uyum verileri anketleraracılığıyla toplandı. Eşlik eden kedi veya polen alerjisi varlığı,ETA tanı süresi ve cinsiyete göre alt grup analizleri yapıldı.

Bulgular: Çocuğun odasının günlük havalandırılması (%98),kıyafetlerin kapalı dolaplarda saklanması (%96,6) ve yatakçarşaflarının haftalık olarak 60°C'de yıkanması (%93,6) gibi düşükmaliyetli, basit önlemlere yüksek oranda uyum gözlemlendi. Bunakarşılık, yataklara akar koruyucu kılıf alma (%41,9) ve halılarıtamamen kaldırma (%12,3) gibi daha fazla kaynak gerektirenveya maliyetli müdahaleler için uyum daha düşüktü. Tanı sonrasısüpürme sıklığı anlamlı olarak artmıştı (medyan, haftada 3 günden7 güne; p<0,001). Dikkat çekici bir şekilde ailelerin %26,1'i akarkoruyucu nevresim takımlarından, %11,3'ü ise HEPA filtrelisüpürgelerden bilgi sahibi değildi. Halı ve perdelerin kullanımınınbırakılması, hastalık süresi 12 aydan uzun olanlarda daha sıkgözlendi. Klinik tarafından sağlanan eğitim broşürleri ailelerin%83,7’si tarafından faydalı bulundu.

Sonuç: Ev tozu akarı alerjisi olan çocukların aileleri, özellikle yatakodasına yönelik olmak üzere, basit ve düşük maliyetli korunmaönlemlerine yüksek düzeyde uyum göstermektedir. Ancak maliyetve yetersiz farkındalık, daha kapsamlı ve kaynak gerektirenstratejilerin uygulanmasını sınırlayan başlıca engellerdir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ev tozu akarı
• Korunma önlemleri
• Önlemlere uyum

Assessment of Adherence to House Dust Mite Avoidance Strategies in Patients with House Dust Mite Allergy

Öz

Background: House dust mite (HDM) allergy is a significant public health problem affecting both children and adults. Adherence to environmental control measures varies among patients. This study aimed to evaluate compliance with mite avoidance measures in the homes of families with HDM allergy.

Materials and Methods: This study included families of 203 children [132 boys, 71 girls; median age, 9.6 years; interquartile range (IQR), 6-13 years] with HDM allergy. Data on demographics, home environment, and adherence to HDM avoidance measures were collected through questionnaires. Subgroup analyses were performed based on the presence of concomitant cat or pollen allergy, duration of HDM allergy, and sex.

Results: High adherence was observed for low-cost, simple measures, including daily ventilation of the child's room (98%), storage of clothes in closed closets (96.6%), and weekly washing of bed linens at 60°C (93.6%). In contrast, adherence was lower for more costly resource-intensive measures, such as dust mite–proof bedding (41.9%) and complete carpet removal (12.3%). Vacuuming frequency increased significantly after diagnosis (median, 3 to 7 days a week; p<0.001). Notably, 26.1% of families lacked knowledge about mite-proof bedding and 11.3% about HEPA-filter vacuum cleaners. Discontinuation of carpets and curtains was more common in patients with a disease duration longer than 12 months. Educational brochures provided by the clinic were reported to be helpful by 83.7% of families.

Conclusions: Families of children with HDM allergy demonstrate high adherence to simple, low-cost avoidance measures, particularly bedroom-related interventions. However, cost and limited awareness remain key barriers to the adoption of more intensive, resource-intensive strategies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• House dust mite (HDM)
• Avoidance measures
• Adherence to measures

Kaynakça

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