Savaşın Gölgesinde Tüberküloz: Türkiye'nin Sınır İlinde Türk ve Suriyeli Hastaların Karşılaştırılması

Öz

Amaç: Günümüzde dünyada yaklaşık 250 milyon uluslararası ve 763 milyon iç göçmen bulunmaktadır. Türkiye'ye dış göç çoğunlukla Suriye, Afganistan ve Irak'tan gelmektedir. En kötü olumsuz koşul olan savaş ve bunun sonucunda ortaya çıkan göçler, tüberküloz hastalığına karşı yüksek bir duyarlılık yaratmaktadır. Bu makalenin amacı, Türkiye'nin Suriye sınırındaki ilinde elverişsiz sosyoekonomik koşulların kolaylaştırdığı tüberküloz hastalığını etnik kökene göre değerlendirmektir.

Materyal ve metod: Çalışmada kullanılan veriler 2022 yılına aittir ve Şanlıurfa Tüberküloz Dispanseri Kurumu'nda arşivlenen dosyalardan alınmıştır. Türk ve Suriyeli hastaların demografik bilgileri, tanı ve tedavi bilgileri dosyalardan elde edilerek değerlendirilmiştir.

Bulgular: Bu çalışmada, hastaların yaklaşık beşte birinin Suriyeli olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Suriyeli hastaların ortalama yaşının daha düşük olduğu ve 0-14 yaş aralığındaki hasta oranının Türk hastalara göre daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Suriyeli hastalarda pulmoner tüberküloz oranı, ekstra pulmoner tüberküloz oranından çok daha yüksekti. Streptomisin direnci Türk hastalarda en yaygın iken, rifampisin direnci Suriyeli hastalarda en yaygın idi.

Sonuç: Çalışmamız, göç alan ülkelerin bulaşıcı hastalıklar açısından risk altında olduğunu hatırlattı. Çalışmamız sonucunda, Türk ve Suriyeli hastalar arasında sosyodemografik ve hastalıkla ilgili özellikler açısından bazı farklılıklar tespit edildi. Çalışmamız, etnik köken farklılıklarına dayalı ilaç direnci farklılıklarının araştırılması gerektiğini bir kez daha ortaya koydu.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tüberküloz
• Etnik köken
• Savaş
• Mülteciler

Tuberculosis in the Shadow of War: A Comparison of Turkish and Syrian Patients in Türkiye's Border Province

Öz

Background: Today, there are approximately 250 million international and 763 million internal migrants in the world. External migration to Türkiye is mostly from Syria, Afghanistan, and Iraq. War, which is the worst of the adverse conditions, and the resulting migrations increase susceptibility to tuberculosis disease. This study aimed to evaluate tuberculosis, which is facilitated by unfavorable socioeconomic conditions, in a Turkish border province neighboring Syria, according to ethnicity.

Materials and Methods: The data used in the study belong to the year 2022 and were taken from the files archived in Şanlıurfa Tuberculosis Dispensary Institution. Demographic information, diagnosis and treatment information of Turkish and Syrian patients were obtained from the files and evaluated.

Results: In this study, we found that approximately one fifth of the patients were Syrian. It was found that the average age of Syrian patients was lower and the rate of patients in the 0-14 age range was higher than that of Turkish patients. The rate of pulmonary tuberculosis was higher in Syrian patients than extrapulmonary tuberculosis. While streptomycin resistance was most common in Turkish patients, rifampicin resistance was most common in Syrian patients.

Conclusions: Our study reminded us that countries receiving immigration are at risk of infectious diseases. As a result of our study, some differences were found between Turkish and Syrian patients in terms of sociodemographic and disease-related characteristics. Our study has once again revealed that drug resistance differences based on ethnicity differences should be investigated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tuberculosis
• Ethnicity
• War
• Refugees

Kaynakça

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