Araştırma Makalesi
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Investigation of Carnitine Metabolism in Different Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 1, 1 - 7, 28.04.2022
https://doi.org/10.35440/hutfd.1085974

Öz

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease that ranges from a treatable disease with a good prognosis to metastatic disease with an incurable poor prognosis. Today, the diagnosis of breast cancer is mostly made using imaging techniques and the effect of changing factors (density of breast tissue, age, etc.) limits this method. In addition, the course of the disease is followed by diagnosis with serum and tissue markers. There is a need for successful, rapid, reliable and early detection biomarkers that can be used in the diagnosis and patho-logy of breast cancer. Metabolomics has been a new approach to overcome the limitations of standard diagnostic methods. Its metabolomics approach enables the diagnosis of very low weight (<1kDa) metabolites in biological samples such as tissue, serum or urine. Free carnitine and acyl carnitines, one of these metabolites, have beco-me important both as a biomarker and in understanding the metabolism, development and progression of breast cancer. In this study, it was aimed to detect the changing carnitines in the pathology of breast cancer and to determine the biomarkers that can be used in the early diagnosis.
Materials and Methods: Different breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 (ER+/PR+), MDA-MB 231(ER-/PR-/HER2-) and CRL-4010 (normal) cells were multiplied and homogenized, and the obtained cell lysates were dried by dripping on gutria paper. It was studied using the LC-MS/MS device in the appropriate procedure. Results SPSS 25.0 and metaboanalyst programs were evaluated.
Results: Free carnitine and carnitine esters were found to be higher in cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) compared to control cells (CRL-4010). C5-OH, C12, C3, C5:1, C14:1, C10, C0, C6 and C14:2 carnitines were significantly increased in MCF-7 cells compared to CRL-4010 and MDA-MB-231 cells; It was found that C14, C16, C5, C8:1 and C18 carnitines increased in MDA-MB-231 cells compared to MCF-7 and CRL-4010 cells, and C10DC, C4 and C10:1 carnitines increased in cancer cells compared to control cells. Carnitines, which can be cancer biomarker candidates, are C0 in differentiating MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells from CRL-4010 control cells; C5-OH was identified as a candidate for biomarker in distinguishing between MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cancer cells.
Conclusions: According to these results, carnitines were found to be successful in separating the control group from the cancerous group.

Keywords: MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, CRL-4010, Carnitine Metabolism

Kaynakça

  • 1. Madssen TS, Cao MD, Pladsen AV, Ottestad L, Sahlberg KK, Bathen TF, et al. Historical biobanks in breast cancer metabolomics—challenges and opportunities. 2019;9(11):278.
  • 2. Díaz-Beltrán L, González-Olmedo C, Luque-Caro N, Díaz C, Martín-Blázquez A, Fernández-Navarro M, et al. Human plasma metabolomics for biomarker discovery: Targeting the molecular subtypes in breast cancer. 2021;13(1):147.
  • 3. Vignoli A, Muraro E, Miolo G, Tenori L, Turano P, Di Gregorio E, et al. Effect of estrogen receptor status on circulatory immune and metabolomics profiles of HER2-positive breast cancer patients enrolled for neoadjuvant targeted chemotherapy. 2020;12(2):314.
  • 4. Park J, Shin Y, Kim TH, Kim D-H, Lee AJPO. Plasma metabolites as possible biomarkers for diagnosis of breast cancer. 2019;14(12):e0225129.
  • 5. Fan S, Shahid M, Jin P, Asher A, Kim JJM. Identification of metabolic alterations in breast cancer using mass spectrometry-based metabolomic analysis. 2020;10(4):170.
  • 6. Donepudi MS, Kondapalli K, Amos SJ, Venkanteshan PJJocr, therapeutics. Breast cancer statistics and markers. 2014;10(3):506.
  • 7. Hirschey MD, DeBerardinis RJ, Diehl AME, Drew JE, Frezza C, Green MF, et al., editors. Dysregulated metabolism contributes to oncogenesis. Seminars in cancer biology; 2015: Elsevier.
  • 8. Jayavelu ND, Bar NSJWJoGW. Metabolomic studies of human gastric cancer. 2014;20(25):8092.
  • 9. Sun C, Wang F, Zhang Y, Yu J, Wang XJT. Mass spectrometry imaging-based metabolomics to visualize the spatially resolved reprogramming of carnitine metabolism in breast cancer. 2020;10(16):7070.
  • 10. Cheng Y, Yang X, Deng X, Zhang X, Li P, Tao J, et al. Metabolomics in bladder cancer: a systematic review. 2015;8(7):11052.
  • 11. Khalil RM, El-Bahrawy H, El-Ashmawy NE, Darwish HJI-J. l-carnitine decreases Her-2/neu in breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen. 2013;5(2):91-8.
  • 12. Zhang J, Wu G, Zhu H, Yang F, Yang S, Vuong AM, et al. Circulating Carnitine Levels and Breast Cancer: A Matched Case-Control Study. 2021.
  • 13. Hanahan D, Weinberg RAJc. The hallmarks of cancer. 2000;100(1):57-70.
  • 14. Melone MAB, Valentino A, Margarucci S, Galderisi U, Giordano A, Peluso GJCd, et al. The carnitine system and cancer metabolic plasticity. 2018;9(2):1-12.
  • 15. Vinci E, Rampello E, Zanoli L, Oreste G, Pistone G, Malaguarnera MJEjoim. Serum carnitine levels in patients with tumoral cachexia. 2005;16(6):419-23.
  • 16. Rogalidou M, Evangeliou A, Stiakaki E, Giahnakis E, Kalmanti MJJoPHO. Serum carnitine levels in childhood leukemia. 2010;32(2):e61-e9.

Farklı Meme Kanseri Hücre Hatlarında Karnitin Metabolizmasının İncelenmesi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 1, 1 - 7, 28.04.2022
https://doi.org/10.35440/hutfd.1085974

Öz

Amaç: Meme kanseri (MK), iyi prognozlu tedevi edilebilir bir hastalıktan tedavi edilemeyen kötü prognozlu metastatik hastalığa kadar değişkenlik gösteren heterojen bir hastalıktır. Günümüzde meme kanseri tanısı çoğunlukla görüntüleme teknikleri kullanılarak yapılmakta ve değişen faktörlerin etkisi (meme dokusunun yoğunluğu, yaş vs.) bu yöntemi sınırlamaktadır. Ayrıca serum ve doku belirteçleri ile tanı konularak hastalığın seyri takip edilmektedir. Meme kanserinin tanısının konulmasında ve patolojisinin belirlenmesinde başarılı, hızlı, güvenilir ve erken saptamada kullanılabilecek biyo-belirteçlere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Standart tanı yöntemlerinin sahip olduğu sınırlamaların üstesinden gelebilmek için metabolomikler yeni bir yaklaşım olmuştur. Metabolomik yaklaşımı doku, serum veya idrar gibi biyolojik numunelerde çok düşük ağırlıklı (<1kDa) metabolitlerin teşhisini olanak sağlamaktadır. Bu metabolitlerden biri olan serbest karnitin ve açil karnitinler hem bir biyo-belirteç olarak hem de meme kanserinin metabolizmasının, gelişiminin ve ilerlemesinin anlaşılmasında önemli hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada meme kanseri patolojisinde değişen karnitinlerin tespit edilmesi ve erken tanısında kullanılabilecek biyo-belirteçlerin saptanması hedeflenmiştir.
Materyal ve Metod: MCF-7 (ER+/PR+), MDA-MB-231(ER-/PR-/HER2-) ve CRL-4010 (normal) hücreleri çoğaltılarak homojenize edildi ve LC-MS/MS cihazı kullanılarak çalışıldı. Sonuçları “metaboanalyst” programında değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Serbest karnitin ve karnitin esterleri kanser hücre hatlarında (MCF-7 ve MDA-MB-231) kontrol hücreye (CRL-4010) göre yüksek bulundu. MCF-7 hücrelerinde CRL-4010 ve MDA-MB-231 hücrelerine göre C5-OH, C12, C3, C5:1, C14:1, C10, C0, C6 ve C14:2 karnitinleri belirgin olarak artmış; MDA-MB-231 hücrelerinde MCF-7 ve CRL-4010 hücrelerine göre C14, C16, C5, C8:1 ve C18 karnitinlerinin arttığı ve C10DC, C4 ve C10:1 karnitinlerinin ise kanser hücrelerinde kontrol hücrelerine göre artış gösterdiği bulunmuştur. Kanser biyo-belirteç adayı olabilecek karnitinler ise MCF-7 ve MDA-MB-231 kanser hücrelerini CRL-4010 kontrol hücrelerinden ayırmada C0; MDA-MB-231 ve MCF-7 kanser hücrelerini birbirinden ayırmada ise C5-OH biyo-belirteç adayı olarak tespit edildi.
Sonuç: Bu sonuçlara göre karnitinler, kontrol grubunu kanserli gruptan ayırmada başarılı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Madssen TS, Cao MD, Pladsen AV, Ottestad L, Sahlberg KK, Bathen TF, et al. Historical biobanks in breast cancer metabolomics—challenges and opportunities. 2019;9(11):278.
  • 2. Díaz-Beltrán L, González-Olmedo C, Luque-Caro N, Díaz C, Martín-Blázquez A, Fernández-Navarro M, et al. Human plasma metabolomics for biomarker discovery: Targeting the molecular subtypes in breast cancer. 2021;13(1):147.
  • 3. Vignoli A, Muraro E, Miolo G, Tenori L, Turano P, Di Gregorio E, et al. Effect of estrogen receptor status on circulatory immune and metabolomics profiles of HER2-positive breast cancer patients enrolled for neoadjuvant targeted chemotherapy. 2020;12(2):314.
  • 4. Park J, Shin Y, Kim TH, Kim D-H, Lee AJPO. Plasma metabolites as possible biomarkers for diagnosis of breast cancer. 2019;14(12):e0225129.
  • 5. Fan S, Shahid M, Jin P, Asher A, Kim JJM. Identification of metabolic alterations in breast cancer using mass spectrometry-based metabolomic analysis. 2020;10(4):170.
  • 6. Donepudi MS, Kondapalli K, Amos SJ, Venkanteshan PJJocr, therapeutics. Breast cancer statistics and markers. 2014;10(3):506.
  • 7. Hirschey MD, DeBerardinis RJ, Diehl AME, Drew JE, Frezza C, Green MF, et al., editors. Dysregulated metabolism contributes to oncogenesis. Seminars in cancer biology; 2015: Elsevier.
  • 8. Jayavelu ND, Bar NSJWJoGW. Metabolomic studies of human gastric cancer. 2014;20(25):8092.
  • 9. Sun C, Wang F, Zhang Y, Yu J, Wang XJT. Mass spectrometry imaging-based metabolomics to visualize the spatially resolved reprogramming of carnitine metabolism in breast cancer. 2020;10(16):7070.
  • 10. Cheng Y, Yang X, Deng X, Zhang X, Li P, Tao J, et al. Metabolomics in bladder cancer: a systematic review. 2015;8(7):11052.
  • 11. Khalil RM, El-Bahrawy H, El-Ashmawy NE, Darwish HJI-J. l-carnitine decreases Her-2/neu in breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen. 2013;5(2):91-8.
  • 12. Zhang J, Wu G, Zhu H, Yang F, Yang S, Vuong AM, et al. Circulating Carnitine Levels and Breast Cancer: A Matched Case-Control Study. 2021.
  • 13. Hanahan D, Weinberg RAJc. The hallmarks of cancer. 2000;100(1):57-70.
  • 14. Melone MAB, Valentino A, Margarucci S, Galderisi U, Giordano A, Peluso GJCd, et al. The carnitine system and cancer metabolic plasticity. 2018;9(2):1-12.
  • 15. Vinci E, Rampello E, Zanoli L, Oreste G, Pistone G, Malaguarnera MJEjoim. Serum carnitine levels in patients with tumoral cachexia. 2005;16(6):419-23.
  • 16. Rogalidou M, Evangeliou A, Stiakaki E, Giahnakis E, Kalmanti MJJoPHO. Serum carnitine levels in childhood leukemia. 2010;32(2):e61-e9.
Toplam 16 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Şükrü Akmeşe 0000-0003-4992-0281

Ebru Temiz 0000-0001-8911-7763

İsmail Koyuncu 0000-0002-9469-4757

Hüseyin Taşkıran 0000-0002-1627-9507

Mehmed Zahid Tüysüz 0000-0002-2650-5475

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Nisan 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 10 Mart 2022
Kabul Tarihi 6 Nisan 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 19 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Akmeşe Ş, Temiz E, Koyuncu İ, Taşkıran H, Tüysüz MZ. Farklı Meme Kanseri Hücre Hatlarında Karnitin Metabolizmasının İncelenmesi. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2022;19(1):1-7.

Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi  / Journal of Harran University Medical Faculty