Araştırma Makalesi
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The Effect of Windows and Daylight on Depression and Burnout Syndrome in Operating Room Workers

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3, 450 - 455, 29.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.35440/hutfd.1651460

Öz

Background: This research aims to investigate how the presence of natural light and windows in the oper-ating room environment affects burnout syndrome and depression, which are common in employees.
Materials and Methods: The prospective and multicenter study was conducted in two different hospitals with and without windows in the operating rooms after ethics committee approval. The participants were anesthesiologists, nurses, and anesthesia technicians who spent all their shifts in the operating room environment. The participants were asked to fill out a questionnaire, the first part inquired about socio-demographic data of the participants, the second part included the Beck Depression Inventory, which measured their depression levels, and finally the third part comprised the Maslach Burnout Inventory, which determined the burnout levels of participants.
Results: The study included individuals working in operating rooms with (92) and without (97) windows. The participants were doctors (28.05%), nurses (29.55%) and technicians (42.35%). Of the participants, 95.85% answered yes to the question ‘‘should there be windows in the work environment?” The deper-sonalization and emotional exhaustion levels on the Maslach Burnout Inventory were significantly lower in individuals working in operating rooms with windows. The Beck Depression Inventory results of indi-viduals working in hospitals with windows were significantly lower than those in hospitals without win-dows.
Conclusions: Designing operating rooms in hospitals to receive daylight reduces the rate of burnout syn-drome and depression. This will increase the work performance and efficiency of healthcare professionals working in operating rooms and will also reduce the possibility of medical errors.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Gracia-Gracia P, Olivian-Blazquez B. Burnout and mindfulness self-compassion in nurses of intensive care units: Cross-sectional study. Holist Nurs Pract 2017; 31(4):225‐33.
  • 2. Shetty RS, Kamath GB, Rodrigues LLR, Nandineni RD, Shetty SR. The Impact of the Physical Environment on Staff in Healthcare Facilities: A Systematic Literature Review. Build-ings. 2024; 14(9):2773. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14092773.
  • 3. Lacy, B.E.; Chan, J.L. Physician Burnout: The Hidden Health Care Crisis. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2018, 16, 311–317.
  • 4. Vizheh, M.; Qorbani, M.; Arzaghi, S.M.; Muhidin, S.; Ja-vanmard, Z.; Esmaeili, M. The Mental Health of Healthcare Workers in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review. J. Diabetes Metab. Disord. 2020, 19, 1967–1978.
  • 5. Maslach C, Schaufeli WB, Leiter MP. Job burnout. Annu Rev Psychol 2001; 52:397–422.
  • 6. Mikalauskas A, Benetis R, Širvinskas E, Andrejaitienė J, Kindu-ris Š, Macas A, et al. Burnout Among Anesthetists and Inten-sive Care Physicians. Open Med (Wars). 2018 Apr 5; 13:105-112. doi: 10.1515/med-2018-0017. PMID: 29666844; PMCID: PMC5900415.
  • 7. Roenneberg T., Kantermann T., Juda M., Vetter C., Alle-brandt K.V. Light and the human circadian clock. Handb. Exp. Pharmacol. 2013:311–331. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-25950-0_13.
  • 8. Zadeh RS, Shepley MM, Williams G, Chung SS. The impact of windows and daylight on acute-care nurses' physiological, psychological, and behavioral health. HERD. 2014 Sum-mer;7(4):35-61. doi: 10.1177/193758671400700405. PMID: 25303426.
  • 9. Crepeau LJ, Bullough J D, Figueiro MG, Porter S, Rea MS. Lighting as a circadian rhythm entraining and alertness en-hancing stimulus in the submarine environment. (Un-published conference paper). Undersea HSI Symposium 2006; Retrieved from http://cogprints.org/6574/1/059‐uhsis06.
  • 10. Niasar, N. K., Kharame, Z. T., Koohbor, M., & Aghaziarati, M. Professional burnout and the affecting factors in operating room nurses in Qom teaching hospitals. Jentashapir Journal of Health Research,2013, 4(4), 305-314.
  • 11. Ramírez-Elvira S, Romero-Béjar JL, Suleiman-Martos N, Gómez-Urquiza JL, Monsalve-Reyes C, Cañadas-De la Fuente GA et al. Prevalence, Risk Factors and Burnout Levels in In-tensive Care Unit Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Oct 30;18(21):11432. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111432. PMID: 34769948; PMCID: PMC8583312.
  • 12. De la Fuente-Solana EI, Suleiman-Martos N, Pradas-Hernández L, Gomez-Urquiza JL, Cañadas-De la Fuente GA, Albendín-García L. Prevalence, Related Factors, and Levels of Burnout Syndrome Among Nurses Working in Gynecology and Obstetrics Services: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Jul 19;16(14):2585. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16142585. PMID: 31331046; PMCID: PMC6678444.
  • 13. Poncet MC, Toullic P, Laurent P, Kentish-Barnes N, Timsit JF, Pochard F et al. Burnout syndrome in critical care nursing staff. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 175 (7): 698‐704.
  • 14. Fejes É, Mák K, Pohl M, Bank G, Fehér G, Tibold A. A kiégés vizsgálata egészségügyi dolgozók között [The examination of burnout among healthcare workers]. Ideggyogy Sz. 2021 Sep 30;74(9-10):337-347. Hungarian. doi: 10.18071/isz.74.0337. PMID: 34657401.
  • 15. Sherman S. A., Varni J. W., Ulrich R. S., & Malcarne V. L. (2005). Post-occupancy evaluation of healing gardens in a pediatric cancer center. Landscape and Urban Planning, 73(2), 167–183.
  • 16. Aries M. B. C., Veitch J. A., & Newsham G. R. (2010). Win-dows, view, and office characteristics predict physical and psychological discomfort. Journal of Environmental Psychol-ogy, 30(4), 533–541.
  • 17. Pati D., Harvey T. E., & Barach P. (2008). Relationships be-tween exterior views and nurse stress: An exploratory exam-ination. Health Environments Research & Design Journal, 1(2), 27–38.
  • 18. 18. Alimoglu MK, Donmez L. Daylight exposure and the other predictors of burnout among nurses in a university hospital. International Journal of Nursing Studies 2005; 42: 549 ‐ 55.
  • 19. Postolache TT, Oren DA. Circadian phase shifting, alerting, and antidepressant effects of bright light treatment. Clin Sports Med 2005; 24(2), 381–13
  • 20. Cajochen C. Alerting effects of light. Sleep Med Rev 2007; 11(6):453 ‐ 64.
  • 21. Gökçen C, Zengin S, Oktay MM, Alpak G, Al B, Yıldırım C. Burnout job satisfaction and depression in the healthcare personnel who work in the emergency department. Anatoli-an Journal of Psychiatry 2013;14.2:122-8
  • 22. Erol A, Saricicek A, Gülseren S. Burnout in residents: Associa-tion with job satisfaction and depression. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2007;8.4:241.
  • 23. O’Hare, C, O'Sullivan V, Flood S, Kenny RA. Seasonal and meteorological associations with depressive symptoms in older adults: A geo-epidemiological study. J Affect Disord. 2016;191:172–9
  • 24. Crouse JJ, Park SH, Mitchell BL, Byrne EM, Medland SE, Lin T, et al. Mental health and sleep correlates of self-reported outdoor daylight exposure in over 13,000 adults with de-pression. Eur Psychiatry. 2025;68(1):e41. doi: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2025.20. PMID: 39956653.

Pencere ve Gün Işığının Ameliyathane Çalışanlarında Görülen Depresyon ve Tükenmişlik Sendromu Üzerine Etkisi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3, 450 - 455, 29.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.35440/hutfd.1651460

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırma, ameliyathane ortamında doğal ışık ve pencerelerin varlığının, çalışanlarda yaygın olarak görülen tükenmişlik sendromu ve depresyon üzerinde nasıl bir etki yarattığını incelemeyi amaçla-maktadır.
Materyal ve Metod: Prospektif ve çok merkezli olarak tasarlanan çalışma etik kurul onayı sonrasında ame-liyathanesinde penceresi olan ve olmayan iki farklı hastanede gerçekleştirildi. Katılımcılar, tüm mesaile-rini ameliyathane ortamında geçiren anestezi doktorları, hemşireler, anestezi teknikerleri ve teknisyenle-rinden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmaya katılanlar, üç aşamalı bir anket formu doldurmuşlardır. Bu anketin ilk kısmında katılımcıların sosyo-demografik verileri yer almakta, ikinci bölümde Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği kullanılarak tükenmişlik düzeyleri belirlenmiş ve son olarak Beck Depresyon Ölçeği ile depresyon düzeyle-ri değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya, ameliyathanesinde penceresi bulunan hastaneden 92 kişi, penceresiz hastaneden ise 97 kişi katılmıştır. Katılımcıların yaş ortalamaları, eğitim seviyesi, medeni durumu ve çocuk sayısı yaklaşık olarak birbirine yakın olup, gruplar arasında istatistiksel bir fark bulunmamıştır (p> 0,05). Katılımcı-ların mesleki dağılımı ise; 53 doktor (%28,05), 56 hemşire (%29,55) ve 80 tekniker/teknisyen (%42,35) şeklindedir. Katılımcıların %95,85’i ‘‘çalışma ortamında pencere bulunmalı mı?’’ sorusuna evet olarak cevap vermiştir. Penceresi bulunan ameliyathanede görev yapan bireylerde, Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçe-ği'nde yer alan duyarsızlaşma ve duygusal tükenmişlik düzeyleri, gün ışığı almayan ameliyathane çalışanla-rına kıyasla anlamlı şekilde daha düşük olduğu gözlemlenmiştir (p<0,05). Ayrıca, penceresi bulunan hasta-nede çalışan bireylerin Beck depresyon testi sonuçları, penceresiz olan hastaneden belirgin şekilde daha düşük olduğu görülmüştür (p<0,05).
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda; hastanelerde ameliyathanelerin gün ışığı alacak şekilde tasarlanmasının, tükenmişlik sendromu ve depresyon oranını azalttığı görülmüştür. Bu durum ameliyathanede çalışan sağlık çalışanları-nın iş performans ve verimliliğini arttıracağı gibi, tıbbi hata yapma olasılığını da azaltacaktır.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Gracia-Gracia P, Olivian-Blazquez B. Burnout and mindfulness self-compassion in nurses of intensive care units: Cross-sectional study. Holist Nurs Pract 2017; 31(4):225‐33.
  • 2. Shetty RS, Kamath GB, Rodrigues LLR, Nandineni RD, Shetty SR. The Impact of the Physical Environment on Staff in Healthcare Facilities: A Systematic Literature Review. Build-ings. 2024; 14(9):2773. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14092773.
  • 3. Lacy, B.E.; Chan, J.L. Physician Burnout: The Hidden Health Care Crisis. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2018, 16, 311–317.
  • 4. Vizheh, M.; Qorbani, M.; Arzaghi, S.M.; Muhidin, S.; Ja-vanmard, Z.; Esmaeili, M. The Mental Health of Healthcare Workers in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review. J. Diabetes Metab. Disord. 2020, 19, 1967–1978.
  • 5. Maslach C, Schaufeli WB, Leiter MP. Job burnout. Annu Rev Psychol 2001; 52:397–422.
  • 6. Mikalauskas A, Benetis R, Širvinskas E, Andrejaitienė J, Kindu-ris Š, Macas A, et al. Burnout Among Anesthetists and Inten-sive Care Physicians. Open Med (Wars). 2018 Apr 5; 13:105-112. doi: 10.1515/med-2018-0017. PMID: 29666844; PMCID: PMC5900415.
  • 7. Roenneberg T., Kantermann T., Juda M., Vetter C., Alle-brandt K.V. Light and the human circadian clock. Handb. Exp. Pharmacol. 2013:311–331. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-25950-0_13.
  • 8. Zadeh RS, Shepley MM, Williams G, Chung SS. The impact of windows and daylight on acute-care nurses' physiological, psychological, and behavioral health. HERD. 2014 Sum-mer;7(4):35-61. doi: 10.1177/193758671400700405. PMID: 25303426.
  • 9. Crepeau LJ, Bullough J D, Figueiro MG, Porter S, Rea MS. Lighting as a circadian rhythm entraining and alertness en-hancing stimulus in the submarine environment. (Un-published conference paper). Undersea HSI Symposium 2006; Retrieved from http://cogprints.org/6574/1/059‐uhsis06.
  • 10. Niasar, N. K., Kharame, Z. T., Koohbor, M., & Aghaziarati, M. Professional burnout and the affecting factors in operating room nurses in Qom teaching hospitals. Jentashapir Journal of Health Research,2013, 4(4), 305-314.
  • 11. Ramírez-Elvira S, Romero-Béjar JL, Suleiman-Martos N, Gómez-Urquiza JL, Monsalve-Reyes C, Cañadas-De la Fuente GA et al. Prevalence, Risk Factors and Burnout Levels in In-tensive Care Unit Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Oct 30;18(21):11432. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111432. PMID: 34769948; PMCID: PMC8583312.
  • 12. De la Fuente-Solana EI, Suleiman-Martos N, Pradas-Hernández L, Gomez-Urquiza JL, Cañadas-De la Fuente GA, Albendín-García L. Prevalence, Related Factors, and Levels of Burnout Syndrome Among Nurses Working in Gynecology and Obstetrics Services: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Jul 19;16(14):2585. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16142585. PMID: 31331046; PMCID: PMC6678444.
  • 13. Poncet MC, Toullic P, Laurent P, Kentish-Barnes N, Timsit JF, Pochard F et al. Burnout syndrome in critical care nursing staff. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 175 (7): 698‐704.
  • 14. Fejes É, Mák K, Pohl M, Bank G, Fehér G, Tibold A. A kiégés vizsgálata egészségügyi dolgozók között [The examination of burnout among healthcare workers]. Ideggyogy Sz. 2021 Sep 30;74(9-10):337-347. Hungarian. doi: 10.18071/isz.74.0337. PMID: 34657401.
  • 15. Sherman S. A., Varni J. W., Ulrich R. S., & Malcarne V. L. (2005). Post-occupancy evaluation of healing gardens in a pediatric cancer center. Landscape and Urban Planning, 73(2), 167–183.
  • 16. Aries M. B. C., Veitch J. A., & Newsham G. R. (2010). Win-dows, view, and office characteristics predict physical and psychological discomfort. Journal of Environmental Psychol-ogy, 30(4), 533–541.
  • 17. Pati D., Harvey T. E., & Barach P. (2008). Relationships be-tween exterior views and nurse stress: An exploratory exam-ination. Health Environments Research & Design Journal, 1(2), 27–38.
  • 18. 18. Alimoglu MK, Donmez L. Daylight exposure and the other predictors of burnout among nurses in a university hospital. International Journal of Nursing Studies 2005; 42: 549 ‐ 55.
  • 19. Postolache TT, Oren DA. Circadian phase shifting, alerting, and antidepressant effects of bright light treatment. Clin Sports Med 2005; 24(2), 381–13
  • 20. Cajochen C. Alerting effects of light. Sleep Med Rev 2007; 11(6):453 ‐ 64.
  • 21. Gökçen C, Zengin S, Oktay MM, Alpak G, Al B, Yıldırım C. Burnout job satisfaction and depression in the healthcare personnel who work in the emergency department. Anatoli-an Journal of Psychiatry 2013;14.2:122-8
  • 22. Erol A, Saricicek A, Gülseren S. Burnout in residents: Associa-tion with job satisfaction and depression. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2007;8.4:241.
  • 23. O’Hare, C, O'Sullivan V, Flood S, Kenny RA. Seasonal and meteorological associations with depressive symptoms in older adults: A geo-epidemiological study. J Affect Disord. 2016;191:172–9
  • 24. Crouse JJ, Park SH, Mitchell BL, Byrne EM, Medland SE, Lin T, et al. Mental health and sleep correlates of self-reported outdoor daylight exposure in over 13,000 adults with de-pression. Eur Psychiatry. 2025;68(1):e41. doi: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2025.20. PMID: 39956653.
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Anesteziyoloji
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Dilek Metin Yamaç 0000-0002-9747-0206

Yadigar Yılmaz 0000-0002-5215-5464

Berna Çalışkan 0000-0002-4519-7762

Aysin Ersoy 0000-0002-1575-1603

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 25 Ağustos 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Eylül 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 5 Mart 2025
Kabul Tarihi 9 Temmuz 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Metin Yamaç D, Yılmaz Y, Çalışkan B, Ersoy A. The Effect of Windows and Daylight on Depression and Burnout Syndrome in Operating Room Workers. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2025;22(3):450-5.

Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi  / Journal of Harran University Medical Faculty