Diyabetik Retinopati Kardiyak Ekseni Değiştirir mi?

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3, 588 - 593, 29.09.2025

Zuhat Onur Usalp , Amber Şenel Kükner , Songül Usalp

https://doi.org/10.35440/hutfd.1670805

Öz

Amaç: Bu yazıdaki amacımız, Diyabetik retinopatili (DRP) hastalarda kardiyak ileti sisteminin etkilenip etkilenmediğini ve frontal QRS-T açısı (F-QRS-T-A) ile DRP arasındaki bağlantıyı araştırmaktır.
Materyal ve Metod:Çalışmaya, hastanemiz göz hastalıkları bölümüne başvuran Tip-2 diyabetes mellitus (DM) olup, DRP olmayan 40 hasta, DRP olan (proliferatif ve non-proliferatif) 48 hasta, DM olmayan kontrol grubu 88 kişi olmak üzere toplam 176 hasta alındı. Hastalar kardiyovasküler açıdan muayene edildi. Bütün veriler demografik ve klinik özellikleri açısından karşılaştırıldı. F-QRS-T-A, elektrokardiyografik olarak QRS ile T arasındaki açı farkı alınarak hesap-landı. Sonuçlarda, p <0.05 değeri anlamlı olarak değerlendirildi.
Bulgular:Bütün gruplarda yaş, hipertansiyon, sigara kullanımı benzerdi. DRP olanlarda, olmayanlara göre diyabet sü-resi, glukoz ve HbA1c, kalp atımı, trigliserit, F-QRS-T-A değeri anlamlı olarak daha yüksek saptandı (p<0.001). Tek değişkenli lojistik regresyon analizlerinde, DM süresi (OR: 2,098, %95 GA , 1,521-2,894, p<0.001), serum glukoz düzeyi (OR: 1,078, %95 GA, 1,049-1,108, p<0.001), HbA1c düzeyi (OR: 35,328, %95 GA , 4,067-36,893, p=0.001), F-QRS-T-A (OR: 1,074, %95 GA ,1,048-1,100, p<0.001), trigliserit düzeyleri (OR: 1,006, %95 GA ,1,002-1,011, p=0.006), DRP için bağımsız birer öngördürücü olarak bulundu.
Alıcı İşletim Karakteristiği (ROC) eğrisinde, F-QRS-T-A değerinin 27,5 derece üzerindeki değerlerin DRP risk artışı ile
ilişkili olduğu bulundu.
Sonuç:Çalışma sonucunda, DRP olanlarda, olmayan gruplara göre F-QRS-T-A’nın, yani kalbin elektriksel aksının daha fazla artmış olduğunu bulduk. Aynı zamanda, serum glukoz düzeyi, DM süresi, HbA1c düzeyi, trigliserit düzeyi artışının DRP için artmış bağımsız birer risk faktörü olduğunu saptadık. Düzensiz ve yüksek seyreden kan şekerinin hem kalp hem göz dokusu için olumsuz olaylarla bağlantılı olduğunu bir kez daha göstermiş olduk

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diyabetik retinopati , elektrokardiyografi , frontal QRS-T açısı

Does Diabetic Retinopathy Alter the Cardiac Axis?

Öz

Background:
This study aimed to investigate whether the cardiac conduction system is affected in patients with diabetic retinopa-thy (DRP) and the relationship between frontal QRS-T angle (F-QRS-T-A) and DRP.
Materials and Methods:A total of 176 patients, including 40 patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM) without DRP, 48 patients with DRP (proliferative and non-proliferative), and 88 patients in the control group without DM were included in the study. Patients were examined for the cardiovascular system. All data are compared in terms of de-mographic and clinical characteristics. F-QRS-T-A was calculated by taking the angle difference between QRS and T electrocardiographically. In the results, a value of p < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Age, hypertension, and smoking were similar in all groups. Duration of DM, glucose and HbA1c, heart rate, triglycerides, and F-QRS-T-A value were found to be significantly higher in patients with DRP compared with those without DRP (p<0.001). In univariate logistic regression analyses, duration of DM (OR: 2,098, %95 GA, 1,521 - 2,894,
p<0.001), serum glucose level (OR: 1,078, %95 GCI, 1.049 – 1.108, , p<0.001), HbA1c level (OR: 35.328, %95 CI ,4.067
– 36.893, p=0.001), F-QRS-T-A (OR: 1.074, %95 CI , 1.048 – 1.100, p<0.001), triglyceride level (OR: 1.006, %95 CI, 1.002 – 1.011, p=0.006) were independent predictors of DRP. In the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, values above 27.5 degrees of F-QRS-T-A were associated with an increased risk of DRP
Conclusion: As a result of the study, we found that F-QRS-T-A, the electrical axis of the heart, was more elevated in patients with DRP than in those without DRP. We also found that serum glucose levels, duration of DM, HbA1c levels and triglyceride levels were independent risk factors for DRP. We have again shown that irregular and high blood glucose levels are associated with adverse events for both heart and eye tissue

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diabetic retinopathy , electrocardiography , frontal QRS angle

Kaynakça

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