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Şüpheli Ürolitiazis Vakalarında Görüntüleme Stratejilerinin Optimize Edilme-si: Tanı ve Tedavi Süreçlerine Etkisi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3, 582 - 587
https://doi.org/10.35440/hutfd.1724827

Öz

Amaç: Üriner sistem taş hastalığının tanı ve tedavisinde hızlı görüntüleme büyük önem taşımaktadır. Uluslararası kılavuzlar, güvenliği ve erişilebilirliği nedeniyle ilk basamak görüntüleme yöntemi olarak ultrasonografiyi (USG) önermektedir. Ancak, özellikle yoğun sağlık sistemlerinde görüntüleme ve tedavi süreçlerinde gecikmeler sıkça yaşanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ilk görüntüleme yöntemi olarak USG ile doğrudan kontrastsız bilgisayarlı tomografi (NCCT) uygulanan hastaların klinik zaman çizelgelerini ve sonuçlarını karşılaştırmaktır.
Materyal ve Metod: Bu retrospektif çalışmaya, Türkiye’de bir üçüncü basamak hastanenin üroloji bölümüne üriner sistem taşı şüphesiyle başvuran 120 erişkin hasta dahil edildi. Hastalar, ilk uygulanan görüntüleme yöntemine göre gruplandırıldı. Başvuru ile görüntüleme ve kesin tedavi arasındaki süreler kaydedildi. Tedavi oranları ve tekrar başvuru sıklıkları değerlendirildi. Tedaviyi öngören değişkenleri belirlemek amacıyla lojistik regresyon ve ROC analizleri uygulandı.
Bulgular: İlk görüntüleme olarak doğrudan NCCT uygulanan hastalarda, USG yapılanlara kıyasla görüntü-leme ve kesin tedaviye ulaşma sürelerinin anlamlı derecede daha kısa olduğu belirlendi (sırasıyla 4 vs. 10 gün ve 15 vs. 33.5 gün; her ikisi için p < 0.001). Çok değişkenli analizde, görüntülemede yaşanan gecikmelerin tedavi alma olasılığını bağımsız olarak azalttığı görüldü (OR: 0.859; %95 GA: 0.770–0.958; p = 0.006). ROC analizi, orta düzeyde öngörü performansı gösterdi (AUC = 0.658).
Sonuç: Kaynakların sınırlı olduğu ve hasta yoğunluğunun yüksek olduğu sağlık sistemlerinde, kılavuzlara rağmen USG tanı ve tedavide gecikmelere yol açabilir. Düşük doz NCCT, radyasyon maruziyetini veya maliyeti önemli ölçüde artırmadan daha verimli bir alternatif sunabilir. Taş hastalığının zamanında yönetimi için görüntüleme stratejileri yerel sağlık sistemi koşullarına göre uyarlanmalıdır.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Scales CD, Smith AC, Hanley JM, Saigal CS. Prevalence of kid-ney stones in the United States. Eur Urol. 2012;62(1):160-165.
  • 2. Karabacak OR, Dilli A, Saltaş H, Yalçınkaya F, Yörükoğlu A, Sert-çelik MN. Stone compositions in Turkey: an analysis according to gender and region. Urology. 2013;82(3):532-538.
  • 3. Muslumanoglu AY, Binbay M, Yuruk E, Akman T, Tepeler A, Esen T, et al. Updated epidemiologic study of urolithiasis in Turkey. I: Changing characteristics of urolithiasis. Urol Res. 2011;39(4):309-314.
  • 4. Ansari MS, Gupta NP, Hemal AK, Dogra PN, Seth A, Aron M, et al. Spectrum of stone composition: structural analysis of 1050 upper urinary tract calculi from northern India. Int J Urol. 2005;12(1):12-16.
  • 5. Houlgatte A, Deligne E. Acute renal colic. EMC Med. 2024;2(5):547-553.
  • 6. Mehmet NM, Ender O. Effect of urinary stone disease and its treatment on renal function. World J Nephrol. 2015;4(2):271-275.
  • 7. Gambaro G, Croppi E, Bushinsky D, Jaeger P, Cupisti A, Ticinesi A, et al. The risk of chronic kidney disease associated with uro-lithiasis and its urological treatments: a review. J Urol. 2017;198(2):268-273.
  • 8. Andrabi Y, Patino M, Das CJ, Eisner B, Sahani DV, Kambadakone A. Advances in CT imaging for urolithiasis. Indian J Urol. 2015;31(3):185-190.
  • 9. European Association of Urology. EAU Guidelines on Urolithia-sis. 2025. Available from: https://uroweb.org/guidelines/urolithiasis/chapter/guidelines
  • 10. Ray AA, Ghiculete D, Pace KT, Honey RJDA. Limitations to ultrasound in the detection and measurement of urinary tract calculi. Urology. 2010;76(2):295-300.
  • 11. Yamashita S, Kohjimoto Y, Iwahashi Y, Iguchi T, Nishizawa S, Kikkawa K, et al. Noncontrast computed tomography parame-ters for predicting shock wave lithotripsy outcome in upper urinary tract stone cases. Biomed Res Int. 2018;2018:1-6.
  • 12. Worster A, Preyra I, Weaver B, Haines T. The accuracy of non-contrast helical computed tomography versus intravenous pyelography in the diagnosis of suspected acute urolithiasis: a meta-analysis. Ann Emerg Med. 2002;40(3):280-286.
  • 13. Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Health. Health Statistics Year-book 2023. Ankara: Ministry of Health; 2023.
  • 14. Smith-Bindman R, Aubin C, Bailitz J, Bengiamin RN, Camargo CA, Corbo J, et al. Ultrasonography versus computed tomog-raphy for suspected nephrolithiasis. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(12):1100-1110.
  • 15. Rodger F, Roditi G, Aboumarzouk OM. Diagnostic accuracy of low and ultra-low dose CT for identification of urinary tract stones: a systematic review. Urol Int. 2018;100(4):375-385.
  • 16. Kepka S, Zarca K, Ohana M, Hoffmann A, Muller J, Le Borgne P, et al. A real-world cost-effectiveness study evaluating imaging strategies for the diagnostic workup of renal colic in the emergency department. Medicina (Kaunas). 2023;59(3):1-10.
  • 17. Todd Alexander R, Hemmelgarn BR, Wiebe N, Bello A, Morgan C, Samuel S, et al. Kidney stones and kidney function loss: a cohort study. BMJ. 2012;345:e5287.

Optimising Imaging Strategies in Suspected Urolithiasis: Effects on Diagnostic and Therapeutic Timelines

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3, 582 - 587
https://doi.org/10.35440/hutfd.1724827

Öz

Background: Prompt imaging is essential in the diagnosis and management of urinary stone disease. While international guidelines recommend ultrasonography (US) as the first-line modality due to its safety and accessibility, delays in imaging and treatment are common in overcrowded healthcare systems. This study aimed to compare the clinical timelines and outcomes of patients undergoing initial US versus direct non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT).
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 120 adult patients who presented to the urology department of a tertiary care hospital in Türkiye with suspected urinary stone disease. Patients were categorised based on their initial imaging modality. Time intervals from admission to imaging and from admission to definitive treatment were recorded. Treatment rates and return visits were also evaluated. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed to identify predictors of treatment.
Results: The median time to initial imaging and to definitive treatment was significantly shorter in patients who underwent direct NCCT compared to those who underwent initial US (4 vs. 10 days and 15 vs. 33.5 days, respectively; p < 0.001 for both). Multivariate analysis showed that longer imaging delays were independently associated with reduced odds of receiving treatment (OR: 0.859; 95% CI: 0.770–0.958; p = 0.006). ROC analysis demonstrated moderate predictive performance (AUC = 0.658).
Conclusions: In resource-limited, high-volume settings, US may lead to diagnostic and therapeutic delays despite guideline recommendations. Direct low-dose NCCT may offer a more efficient alterna-tive without significantly increasing radiation exposure or cost. Imaging strategies should be tailored to local healthcare realities to ensure timely management of stone disease.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Scales CD, Smith AC, Hanley JM, Saigal CS. Prevalence of kid-ney stones in the United States. Eur Urol. 2012;62(1):160-165.
  • 2. Karabacak OR, Dilli A, Saltaş H, Yalçınkaya F, Yörükoğlu A, Sert-çelik MN. Stone compositions in Turkey: an analysis according to gender and region. Urology. 2013;82(3):532-538.
  • 3. Muslumanoglu AY, Binbay M, Yuruk E, Akman T, Tepeler A, Esen T, et al. Updated epidemiologic study of urolithiasis in Turkey. I: Changing characteristics of urolithiasis. Urol Res. 2011;39(4):309-314.
  • 4. Ansari MS, Gupta NP, Hemal AK, Dogra PN, Seth A, Aron M, et al. Spectrum of stone composition: structural analysis of 1050 upper urinary tract calculi from northern India. Int J Urol. 2005;12(1):12-16.
  • 5. Houlgatte A, Deligne E. Acute renal colic. EMC Med. 2024;2(5):547-553.
  • 6. Mehmet NM, Ender O. Effect of urinary stone disease and its treatment on renal function. World J Nephrol. 2015;4(2):271-275.
  • 7. Gambaro G, Croppi E, Bushinsky D, Jaeger P, Cupisti A, Ticinesi A, et al. The risk of chronic kidney disease associated with uro-lithiasis and its urological treatments: a review. J Urol. 2017;198(2):268-273.
  • 8. Andrabi Y, Patino M, Das CJ, Eisner B, Sahani DV, Kambadakone A. Advances in CT imaging for urolithiasis. Indian J Urol. 2015;31(3):185-190.
  • 9. European Association of Urology. EAU Guidelines on Urolithia-sis. 2025. Available from: https://uroweb.org/guidelines/urolithiasis/chapter/guidelines
  • 10. Ray AA, Ghiculete D, Pace KT, Honey RJDA. Limitations to ultrasound in the detection and measurement of urinary tract calculi. Urology. 2010;76(2):295-300.
  • 11. Yamashita S, Kohjimoto Y, Iwahashi Y, Iguchi T, Nishizawa S, Kikkawa K, et al. Noncontrast computed tomography parame-ters for predicting shock wave lithotripsy outcome in upper urinary tract stone cases. Biomed Res Int. 2018;2018:1-6.
  • 12. Worster A, Preyra I, Weaver B, Haines T. The accuracy of non-contrast helical computed tomography versus intravenous pyelography in the diagnosis of suspected acute urolithiasis: a meta-analysis. Ann Emerg Med. 2002;40(3):280-286.
  • 13. Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Health. Health Statistics Year-book 2023. Ankara: Ministry of Health; 2023.
  • 14. Smith-Bindman R, Aubin C, Bailitz J, Bengiamin RN, Camargo CA, Corbo J, et al. Ultrasonography versus computed tomog-raphy for suspected nephrolithiasis. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(12):1100-1110.
  • 15. Rodger F, Roditi G, Aboumarzouk OM. Diagnostic accuracy of low and ultra-low dose CT for identification of urinary tract stones: a systematic review. Urol Int. 2018;100(4):375-385.
  • 16. Kepka S, Zarca K, Ohana M, Hoffmann A, Muller J, Le Borgne P, et al. A real-world cost-effectiveness study evaluating imaging strategies for the diagnostic workup of renal colic in the emergency department. Medicina (Kaunas). 2023;59(3):1-10.
  • 17. Todd Alexander R, Hemmelgarn BR, Wiebe N, Bello A, Morgan C, Samuel S, et al. Kidney stones and kidney function loss: a cohort study. BMJ. 2012;345:e5287.
Toplam 17 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Üroloji
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Mertcan Dama 0000-0003-4553-1027

Enis Mert Yorulmaz 0000-0003-2109-2015

Serkan Özcan 0000-0002-2459-139X

Osman Köse 0000-0003-4070-6676

Sacit Nuri Görgel 0000-0001-7628-1249

Yiğit Akın 0000-0001-7627-3476

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 18 Eylül 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Eylül 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 22 Haziran 2025
Kabul Tarihi 31 Temmuz 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Dama M, Yorulmaz EM, Özcan S, Köse O, Görgel SN, Akın Y. Optimising Imaging Strategies in Suspected Urolithiasis: Effects on Diagnostic and Therapeutic Timelines. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2025;22(3):582-7.

Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi  / Journal of Harran University Medical Faculty