Geometric Morphometric Analyses on Radiographic Images of The Carpal Joint Region of English Setters

Abstract

This study aims to determine the morphological differences according to gender via radiographic images taken from the carpal bones of English setters. A total of 28 bone samples, 16 females and 12 males, were used in the study. The shape differences between males and females were evaluated by placing 27 landmarks on the X-ray images. Principal Component Analyses are used to measure the distribution of variance. In addition, these analyses take the mean shape variation and compare it to shape differences. As a result of this analysis, the value of PC1 explained 24.34% of the total variation. In addition, PC2 explained 16.24% of the total variation, and PC3 explained 10.45%. In addition, the results of PCA were also described in terms of the English setter samples used. Then, Discriminant Function analysis was performed using the same software program. With this analysis, it was tried to determine the differences between the genders. According to the discriminant function test, 13 of 16 female dogs were completely separated from male dogs. Also, all 12 male dogs were separated from female dogs according to the same test results. In short, because of this study, shape differences in the carpal bones of English setters were investigated according to gender.

Keywords

• carpal joint
• english setters
• geometric morphometry
• radiography
• veterinary anatomy

İngiliz Setter Köpeklerinin Karpal Eklem Bölgesinin Radyografik Görüntüleri Üzerinde Geometrik Morfometrik Analizler

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, İngiliz setter köpeklerinin karpal kemiklerinden alınan radyografik görüntüler aracılığıyla cinsiyete göre morfolojik farklılıkların belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada 16 dişi ve 12 erkek olmak üzere toplam 28 kemik örneği kullanılmıştır. Erkek ve dişiler arasındaki şekil farklılıkları, röntgen görüntüleri üzerinde toplam 27 adet işaretleme ile değerlendirilmiştir. Varyans dağılımını ölçmek için Principal Component Analysis (PCA) kullanılmıştır. Bu analizlerin kullanım amacı ortalama şekil varyasyonunu alıp şekil farklılıklarıyla karşılaştırmaktadır. Bu analiz sonucunda PC1 değeri toplam varyasyonun %24,34'ünü açıklamıştır. Ayrıca PC2 toplam varyasyonun %16,24'ünü, PC3 ise toplam varyasyonun %10,45'ini açıklamıştır. Daha sonra örnekler Diskriminant Fonksiyon analizi üzerinden de test edilmiştir. Bu analiz ile cinsiyetler arasındaki farklılıklar belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Diskriminant fonksiyon testine göre 16 dişi köpeğin 13'ü erkek köpeklerden tamamen ayrılmıştır. Yine aynı testin sonuçlarına göre 12 erkek köpeğin tamamı dişi köpeklerden ayrılmıştır. Kısacası, bu çalışma sonucunda İngiliz setter köpeklerinin karpal kemiklerindeki şekil farklılıkları ve cinsiyete göre karpal kemiklerde oluşan değişimler araştırılmıştır.

Keywords

• geometrik morfometri
• ingiliz setter
• karpal kemikler
• radyografi
• veteriner anatomi

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