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Viral Enfeksiyonlarda Telomeraz Aktivitesi

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 108 - 111, 30.06.2017
https://doi.org/10.31196/huvfd.325795

Öz

Lineer kromozomların uçlarında yer
alan telomer adı verilen yapılar kromozomların bütünlüğünü sağlar. Kısa
telomerler, DNA hasarında oluşan sinyale benzer bir sinyal üreterek, gerek
yaşlanmayı gerekse de programlı hücre ölümünü tetikler. Telomeraz enzimi de kısalan
telomerleri onararak telomer zincirlerinin uzun kalmasını sağlar. Böylece
hücrelerin bölünme kapasitesinde artış sağlanmış olur. İnsan ve hayvan
onkojenik viruslarının, geliştirdikleri mekanizmalarla telomeraz enzimini
yeniden aktive edebildikleri ispatlanmıştır.  Bu derleme viral enfeksiyonlar ile telomeraz
aktivitesi arasındaki ilişkinin incelendiği bir dizi çalışmadan hazırlanmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Bellon M, Nicot C, 2008: Regulation of Telomerase and Telomeres: Human Tumor Viruses Take Control. J Natl Cancer Inst,100, 98-108.
  • Blasco MA, 2005: Telomeres and Human Disease: Aging, Cancer and Beyond. Nature Reviews: Genetics, 6, 611-22.
  • Bryan TM, Reddel RR, 1997: Telomere Dynamics and Telomerase Activity in In vivo Immortalised Human Cells. Europ J Canc, 33, 5, 767-73.
  • Chen F, Liu C, Lindvall C, Xu D, Ernberg I, 2005: Epstein-Barr virusu, latent membran 2A (LMP2A) telomeraz epitel hücre hatlarında transkriptazı (hTERT) ters aşağı regüle. Int J Cancer, 113, 284-289.
  • De Lange T, 2005: Shelterin: the protein complex that shapes and safeguards human telomeres. Genes Dev, 19, 2100-2110.
  • Dolcetti R, Giunco S, Col DJ, Celeghin A, Mastorci K, De Rossi A, 2014: Epstein-Barr virus and telomerase: from cell immortalization to therapy. Infectious Agents and Cancer, 9, 8.
  • Eskiocak U, 2007: Investigation of telomerase activitiy in diagnosis of endometrial and cervical cancer. Yüksek Lisans tezi, ODTÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Feng Y, Xian RR, Li Y, Polony TS, Beemon KL, 2007: Telomerase reverse transcriptase expression elevated by avian leukosis virus integration in B cell lymphomas. Proc Natl Acad Sci, 104,18952-18957.
  • Flore O, Rafii S, Ely S, O’Leary JJ, Hyjek EM, Cesarman E, 1998: Transformation of primary human endothelial cells by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. Nature, 394, 588-592.
  • Fragnet L, Blasco MA, Klapper W, Rasschaert D, 2003: The RNA subunit of telomerase is encoded by Marek's disease virus. J Virol, 77, 5985-5996.
  • Griffith DJ, Corneau L, Rosenfield S, Stansel RM, Bianchi A, Mossus H, De Lange T, 1999: Mammalian telomeres an in a large duplex loop. Cell, 97, 503-514.
  • Hartwig FP, Goedert L, Wagner MS, Schultze E, 2014: Tumor Cell Development: A Role for Viruses and Telomerase Activity? Advances in Tumor Virology, 4, 7-16.
  • Hemmatzadeh F, Keyvanfar H, Hasan NH, Niap F, Bani Hassan E, Hematzade A, Ebrahimie E, McWhorter A, Ignjatovic J, 2015: Interaction between Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection and age on telomerase misregulation. Vet Res Commun, 39, 2, 97-103.
  • Jiang J, Miracco EJ, Hong K, Eckert B, Chan H, Cash DD, Min B, Zhou ZH, Collins K, Feigon J, 2013: The architecture of Tetrahymena telomerase holoenzyme. Nature, 496.
  • Kerekhanjanarong V, Sitawarin S, Sakdikul S, Saengpanich S, Chindavijak S, Supiyaphun P., Voravud N, Mutirangura A, 2000: Telomerase assay and nested polymerase chain reaction from nasopharyngeal swabs for early noninvasive detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 123, 624-629.
  • Mei YP, Zhu XF, Zhou JM, Huang H, Deng R, Zeng YX, 2006: siRNA targeting LMP1-induced apoptosis in EBV-positive lymphoma cells is associated with inhibition of telomerase activity and expression. Cancer Lett, 232, 189-198.
  • Miura N, Horikawa I, Nishimoto A, Ohmura H, Ito H, Hirohashi S, Shay JW, OshimuraM, 1997: Progressive telomere shortening and telomerase reactivation during hepatocellular carcinogenesis. Cancer Genet Cytogenet, 93, 56-62.
  • Neumann AA, Reddel RR, 2002: Telomere maintenance and cancer? look, no telomerase. Nature Reviews Cancer, 2, 879-884.
  • Rac J, Haas F, Schumacher A, Middeldorp JM, Delecluse HJ, Speck RF, Bernasconi M, Nadal D, 2015: Telomerase Activity Impacts on Epstein-Barr Virus Infection of AGS Cells. Plos One, 10, 4, 1-24.
  • Ramunas JE, Yakubov JJ, Brady SY, Corbel C, Holbrook M, Brandt J, Stein JG, Santiago JP, Cooke HMB, 2015: Transient delivery of modified mRNA encoding TERT rapidly extends telomeres in human cells. The FASEB Journal, 29, 5, 1930-1939.
  • Riethman HC, Xiang Z, Paul S, Morse E, Hu XL, Flint J, Chi HC, Grady DL, Moyzis RK, 2001: Integration of Telomere Sequences with the Draft Human Genome Sequence. Science, 409, 948-950.
  • Shkreli M, Dambrine G, Soubieux D, Kut N, Rasschaert D, 2007: Involvement of the Oncoprotein c-Myc in Viral Telomerase RNA Gene Regulation during Marek's Disease Virus-Induced Lymphomagenesis. J Virol, 81, 9, 4848-4857.
  • Smith JS, Johnson FB, 2010: Isolation of G-Quadruplex DNA Using NMM-Sepharose Affinity Chromatography. Methods Mol Biol, 608, 207-21.
  • Smogorzewska A, De Lange T, 2004: Regulation of telomerase by telomeric proteins. Annu Rev Biochem, 73, 177-208. Szczotka M, Kuzmak J, 2013 Telomerase activity and telomere length in cattle infected with bovine leukemia virus (Blv). J Comp Pathol, 148, 70.
  • Zhang X, Dong N, Zhang H, You J, Wang H, Ye L, 2005: Effects of hepatitis B virus X protein on human telomerase reverse transcriptase expression and activity in hepatoma cells. J Lab Clin Med, 145, 98-104.
  • Zheng H, Li LL, Hu DS, Deng XY, Cao Y, 2007: Role of Epstein-Barr virus encoded latent membrane protein 1 in the carcinogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cell Mol Immunol, 4, 185-196.

Telomerase Activity in Viral Infections

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 108 - 111, 30.06.2017
https://doi.org/10.31196/huvfd.325795

Öz

The structures at the ends of
linear chromosomes called telomeres provide the integrity of the chromosomes.
Short telomeres produce a signal similar to DNA damage and triggering both
programmed cell aging and programmed cell death. Also, telomerase enzyme
restores shortened telomeres and allowing telomerase chains to stay longer.
Thus increases the cleavage capacity of the cells. It has been proven that
human and animal oncogenic viruses can re-activate telomerase enzyme in the
cell through their new developed mechanisms. This review is prepared with
series of studies that is examined the relationship between viral infections
and telomerase activity.

Kaynakça

  • Bellon M, Nicot C, 2008: Regulation of Telomerase and Telomeres: Human Tumor Viruses Take Control. J Natl Cancer Inst,100, 98-108.
  • Blasco MA, 2005: Telomeres and Human Disease: Aging, Cancer and Beyond. Nature Reviews: Genetics, 6, 611-22.
  • Bryan TM, Reddel RR, 1997: Telomere Dynamics and Telomerase Activity in In vivo Immortalised Human Cells. Europ J Canc, 33, 5, 767-73.
  • Chen F, Liu C, Lindvall C, Xu D, Ernberg I, 2005: Epstein-Barr virusu, latent membran 2A (LMP2A) telomeraz epitel hücre hatlarında transkriptazı (hTERT) ters aşağı regüle. Int J Cancer, 113, 284-289.
  • De Lange T, 2005: Shelterin: the protein complex that shapes and safeguards human telomeres. Genes Dev, 19, 2100-2110.
  • Dolcetti R, Giunco S, Col DJ, Celeghin A, Mastorci K, De Rossi A, 2014: Epstein-Barr virus and telomerase: from cell immortalization to therapy. Infectious Agents and Cancer, 9, 8.
  • Eskiocak U, 2007: Investigation of telomerase activitiy in diagnosis of endometrial and cervical cancer. Yüksek Lisans tezi, ODTÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Feng Y, Xian RR, Li Y, Polony TS, Beemon KL, 2007: Telomerase reverse transcriptase expression elevated by avian leukosis virus integration in B cell lymphomas. Proc Natl Acad Sci, 104,18952-18957.
  • Flore O, Rafii S, Ely S, O’Leary JJ, Hyjek EM, Cesarman E, 1998: Transformation of primary human endothelial cells by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. Nature, 394, 588-592.
  • Fragnet L, Blasco MA, Klapper W, Rasschaert D, 2003: The RNA subunit of telomerase is encoded by Marek's disease virus. J Virol, 77, 5985-5996.
  • Griffith DJ, Corneau L, Rosenfield S, Stansel RM, Bianchi A, Mossus H, De Lange T, 1999: Mammalian telomeres an in a large duplex loop. Cell, 97, 503-514.
  • Hartwig FP, Goedert L, Wagner MS, Schultze E, 2014: Tumor Cell Development: A Role for Viruses and Telomerase Activity? Advances in Tumor Virology, 4, 7-16.
  • Hemmatzadeh F, Keyvanfar H, Hasan NH, Niap F, Bani Hassan E, Hematzade A, Ebrahimie E, McWhorter A, Ignjatovic J, 2015: Interaction between Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection and age on telomerase misregulation. Vet Res Commun, 39, 2, 97-103.
  • Jiang J, Miracco EJ, Hong K, Eckert B, Chan H, Cash DD, Min B, Zhou ZH, Collins K, Feigon J, 2013: The architecture of Tetrahymena telomerase holoenzyme. Nature, 496.
  • Kerekhanjanarong V, Sitawarin S, Sakdikul S, Saengpanich S, Chindavijak S, Supiyaphun P., Voravud N, Mutirangura A, 2000: Telomerase assay and nested polymerase chain reaction from nasopharyngeal swabs for early noninvasive detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 123, 624-629.
  • Mei YP, Zhu XF, Zhou JM, Huang H, Deng R, Zeng YX, 2006: siRNA targeting LMP1-induced apoptosis in EBV-positive lymphoma cells is associated with inhibition of telomerase activity and expression. Cancer Lett, 232, 189-198.
  • Miura N, Horikawa I, Nishimoto A, Ohmura H, Ito H, Hirohashi S, Shay JW, OshimuraM, 1997: Progressive telomere shortening and telomerase reactivation during hepatocellular carcinogenesis. Cancer Genet Cytogenet, 93, 56-62.
  • Neumann AA, Reddel RR, 2002: Telomere maintenance and cancer? look, no telomerase. Nature Reviews Cancer, 2, 879-884.
  • Rac J, Haas F, Schumacher A, Middeldorp JM, Delecluse HJ, Speck RF, Bernasconi M, Nadal D, 2015: Telomerase Activity Impacts on Epstein-Barr Virus Infection of AGS Cells. Plos One, 10, 4, 1-24.
  • Ramunas JE, Yakubov JJ, Brady SY, Corbel C, Holbrook M, Brandt J, Stein JG, Santiago JP, Cooke HMB, 2015: Transient delivery of modified mRNA encoding TERT rapidly extends telomeres in human cells. The FASEB Journal, 29, 5, 1930-1939.
  • Riethman HC, Xiang Z, Paul S, Morse E, Hu XL, Flint J, Chi HC, Grady DL, Moyzis RK, 2001: Integration of Telomere Sequences with the Draft Human Genome Sequence. Science, 409, 948-950.
  • Shkreli M, Dambrine G, Soubieux D, Kut N, Rasschaert D, 2007: Involvement of the Oncoprotein c-Myc in Viral Telomerase RNA Gene Regulation during Marek's Disease Virus-Induced Lymphomagenesis. J Virol, 81, 9, 4848-4857.
  • Smith JS, Johnson FB, 2010: Isolation of G-Quadruplex DNA Using NMM-Sepharose Affinity Chromatography. Methods Mol Biol, 608, 207-21.
  • Smogorzewska A, De Lange T, 2004: Regulation of telomerase by telomeric proteins. Annu Rev Biochem, 73, 177-208. Szczotka M, Kuzmak J, 2013 Telomerase activity and telomere length in cattle infected with bovine leukemia virus (Blv). J Comp Pathol, 148, 70.
  • Zhang X, Dong N, Zhang H, You J, Wang H, Ye L, 2005: Effects of hepatitis B virus X protein on human telomerase reverse transcriptase expression and activity in hepatoma cells. J Lab Clin Med, 145, 98-104.
  • Zheng H, Li LL, Hu DS, Deng XY, Cao Y, 2007: Role of Epstein-Barr virus encoded latent membrane protein 1 in the carcinogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cell Mol Immunol, 4, 185-196.
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Elif Bayram Bu kişi benim

Metin Çenesiz Bu kişi benim

Semra Okur Gümüşova

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2017
Gönderilme Tarihi 3 Temmuz 2017
Kabul Tarihi 15 Şubat 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Bayram, E., Çenesiz, M., & Okur Gümüşova, S. (2017). Viral Enfeksiyonlarda Telomeraz Aktivitesi. Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(1), 108-111. https://doi.org/10.31196/huvfd.325795
AMA Bayram E, Çenesiz M, Okur Gümüşova S. Viral Enfeksiyonlarda Telomeraz Aktivitesi. Harran Univ Vet Fak Derg. Haziran 2017;6(1):108-111. doi:10.31196/huvfd.325795
Chicago Bayram, Elif, Metin Çenesiz, ve Semra Okur Gümüşova. “Viral Enfeksiyonlarda Telomeraz Aktivitesi”. Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 6, sy. 1 (Haziran 2017): 108-11. https://doi.org/10.31196/huvfd.325795.
EndNote Bayram E, Çenesiz M, Okur Gümüşova S (01 Haziran 2017) Viral Enfeksiyonlarda Telomeraz Aktivitesi. Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 6 1 108–111.
IEEE E. Bayram, M. Çenesiz, ve S. Okur Gümüşova, “Viral Enfeksiyonlarda Telomeraz Aktivitesi”, Harran Univ Vet Fak Derg, c. 6, sy. 1, ss. 108–111, 2017, doi: 10.31196/huvfd.325795.
ISNAD Bayram, Elif vd. “Viral Enfeksiyonlarda Telomeraz Aktivitesi”. Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 6/1 (Haziran 2017), 108-111. https://doi.org/10.31196/huvfd.325795.
JAMA Bayram E, Çenesiz M, Okur Gümüşova S. Viral Enfeksiyonlarda Telomeraz Aktivitesi. Harran Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2017;6:108–111.
MLA Bayram, Elif vd. “Viral Enfeksiyonlarda Telomeraz Aktivitesi”. Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 6, sy. 1, 2017, ss. 108-11, doi:10.31196/huvfd.325795.
Vancouver Bayram E, Çenesiz M, Okur Gümüşova S. Viral Enfeksiyonlarda Telomeraz Aktivitesi. Harran Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2017;6(1):108-11.