Yaz Mevsiminde Yetiştirilen Etlik Piliçlerde Tünek Soğutma ve Tünek Yüksekliğinin Bazı Kemik Dayanıklılık Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi
Öz
Bu çalışma, yaz koşullarında yetiştirilen etlik piliçlerde soğutulmuş tünek kullanımı ve tünek yüksekliğinin tibia kemiği
fiziksel (ağırlık, uzunluk, çap, dayanıklılık ve ağırlık-uzunluk endeksi) ve dayanıklılık (dayanıklılık, katılık, esneme katsayısı ve
kırılma gücü) özellikleri üzerine etkilerini incelemek üzere yapılmıştır. Bir günlük yaşta 450 Ross-308 civciv çalışmanın
materyalini o luşturmuştur. C ivcivler 1 0 a yrı b ölmeye h er b ir grupta 1 5 c ivciv o lacak ş ekilde 3 x2x2 d eneme d üzeni
çerçevesinde yerleştirilmiştir. Tünek sıcaklığı 10oC’ye ayarlanmış olup, tünekler tabandan 7.5 ve 15 cm yüksekte olacak
şekilde konumlandırılmıştır. Soğutulmuş tünek ve yükseklik gruplarının tamamında tünekler hayvanların yem ve su gibi
ihtiyaçlarını gidermek için üzerlerinden geçecekleri şekilde yerleştirilmiştir. Tibia ağırlığı hem 7.5 cm (19.39 g) hem 15 cm
(19.01 g) tünek yüksekliklerinde tünek olmayan (17.24 g) gruptan daha yüksek çıkmıştır (P<0.001). Soğutmalı grup (19.58 g-
109.48 mm) tibiaları soğutmasız (18.29 g-105.55 mm) olanlara göre hem daha ağır hem daha uzun olarak bulunmuştur
(P<0,001). Kemiklerin kırılması için gereken güce gelince (Fmax); en yüksek güç değeri 264.2 N ile 7.5 cm tünek yüksekliği
olan grupta gözlenmiştir (P<0.05). Benzeri önemlilik durumu tünek soğutma ve cinsiyet parametrelerinde bulunamamıştır.
Aksine, hem tünek kullanımı hem tünek soğutmasının kemik dayanıklılığı ve dayanıklılık katsayısı üzerine herhangi bir etkisi
olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
Destekleyen Kurum
Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırmalar Birimi
Proje Numarası
VTF-17005
Kaynakça
- Anonymous, 1992. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, St. Joseph, Michigan, “Shear and Three-Point Bending Test of Animal Bone” ASAE ANSI/ASAE.
- Arad, Z., Marder, J., 1982. Comparison of the productive performances of the Sinai Beduin fowl, the White Leghorn and their crossbreds: Study under natural desert conditions. Br Poult Sci. 23:333-338.
- Charuta, A., Dzierzecka, M., Majchrzak, T., Czerwinskie, E., Cooper, G., 2011. Computer-generated radiological imagery of the structure of the spongious substance in the postnatal development of the tibio-tarsal bones of the Peking domestic duck (Anas platyrhynchos var. domestica). Poult Sci. 90:830-835.
- Einhorne, T.A., 1996. Biomechanics of bone. In, Principles of Bone Biology. Raisz, L.G., Rodan, G.A. 25-27, Academic Press, USA.
- Gonz´alez-Cer´on, F., Rekaya, R., Aggrey, S.E., 2015. Genetic analysis of bone quality traits and growth in a random mating broiler population. Poult Sci. 94: 883–889.
- Harner, J.P., Wilson, J.H., 1986. Testing techniques for determination of poultry bone strength. ASAE. Am Soc Agr Biol Eng. 29:642-644.
- Harvey, B.M., Eschbach, M., Glynn, E.A., Kotha, S., Darre, M., Adams, D.J., Ramanathan, R., Mancini, R., Govoni, K.E., 2015. Effect of daily lithium chloride administration on bone mass and strength in growing broiler chickens. Poult Sci. 94: 296–301.
- Hillman, P.E., Scott, N.R., 1989. Energy budget of the chicken foot. Ther Biol. 4:205-217.
- Hu, J.Y., Hester, P.Y., Makagon, M.M., Vezzoli, G., Gates, R.S., Xiong, Y.J., Cheng, H.W., 2016. Cooled perch effects on performance and well-being traits in caged White Leghorn hens. Poult Sci. 95: 2737-2746.
- Hughes, B.O., Elson, H.A., 1977. The use of perches by broilers in floor pens. Br Poult Sci. 18: 715–722.
- Karaarslan, S., Nazligul, A., 2015. Effects of lighting, stocking density, and access to perches on leg health variables as welfare indicators in broiler chickens. Livest Sci. 218:31-36.
- Karasek, F., Stenclova, H., St’astnik, O., Mrkwicova, E., Pavlata, L., Nedemova, S., and Zeman, L., 2017. The effect of calcium and magnesium supplementation on performance and bone strenght of broiler chickens. Slov Food Sci. 1:120-125.
- Kiyma, Z., Küçükyılmaz, K., Orojpour, A., 2016. Effects of perch availability on performance, carcass characteristics, and footpad lesions in broilers. Arch Anim Breed. 59: 19-25.
- Kwiatkowska, K., Winiarska-Mieczan, A., Kwiecień, M., 2018. Effect of application of Fe-glycinate chelate in diet for broiler chickens in an amount covering 50 or 25% of the requirement on physical, morphometric and strength parameters of tibia bones. Biol Trace Element Res. 184: 483–490.
- Le Van, N.F., Estevez, I., Stricklin, W.R., 2000. Use of horizontal and angled perches by broiler chickens. Appl Anim Behav Sci. 65:349-365.
- Mabelebele, M., Norris, D., Siwendu, N.A., Ng’ambi, J.W., Alabi, O.J., Mbajiorgu, C.A., 2017. Bone morphometric parameters of the tibia and femur of indigenous and broiler chickens reared intensively. Appl Eco Env Res. 15:1387-1398.
- Martrenchar, A., Huonnic, D., Cotte, J.P., Boilletot, E., Morisse, J.P., 2000. Influence of stocking density, artificial dusk and group size on the perching behaviour of broilers. Br Poult Sci. 41:125–130.
- Moran, E.T., Todd, M.C., 1994. Continuous submarginal phosphorus with broilers and the effect of preslaughter transportation: Carcass defects, further processing yields, and tibia-femur integrity. Poult Sci. 73: 1448-1457.
- Pettit-Riley, R.L., Estevez, I., 2001. Effects of density on perching behaviour of broiler chickens. Appl Anim Behav Sci. 71:127-140, 2001.
- Su, G., Sorensen, P., Kestin, S.C., 2000. A note on the effects of perches and litter substrate on leg weakness in broiler chickens. Poult Sci. 79:1259-1263.
- Turner, C.H., Burr, D.B., 1993. Basic Biomechanical Measurements of Bone: A tutorial. Bone. 14:595-608.
The Effect of Perch Cooling and Perch Height on Some Bone Strength Parameters in Broilers Reared in Summer
Öz
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of perch cooling and two different perch heights on physical
(the weight, length, diameter, strength index, and weight-length index) and strength (strength, stiffness, elastic modulus,
ultimate force) properties of tibiotarsus of broilers reared in summer conditions. A total of 450 one-d-old Ross-308 broiler
chicks were used as the material. Chicks were allocated into 10 pens which has 15 chicks in each as to a 3x2x2 experimental
design with three replication. Perch temperature was set to 10oC for cooled perches while perches were attached 7.5 and
15 cm off the floor. The position of both cooled and non-cooled perches were set to make animals pass over the perch for
feeding and drinking. Results revealed that tibia weights in both 7.5 (19.39 g) and 15 cm (19.01 g) perch height groups were
higher than the no-perch (17.24 g) group (P<0.001). Bones from the cooled perch group were found heavier (19.58 g-109.48
mm) and longer than the no-cooled (18.29 g-105.55 mm) group (P<0.001). As to ultimate force (Fmax), the greatest force
(264.2 N) was required for bones in a group with 7.5 cm perch height (P<0.05). There were also similar significant
differences in perch cooling and sex parameters while both perch application and perch cooling do not affect bone strength
and elastic modulus.
Proje Numarası
VTF-17005
Kaynakça
- Anonymous, 1992. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, St. Joseph, Michigan, “Shear and Three-Point Bending Test of Animal Bone” ASAE ANSI/ASAE.
- Arad, Z., Marder, J., 1982. Comparison of the productive performances of the Sinai Beduin fowl, the White Leghorn and their crossbreds: Study under natural desert conditions. Br Poult Sci. 23:333-338.
- Charuta, A., Dzierzecka, M., Majchrzak, T., Czerwinskie, E., Cooper, G., 2011. Computer-generated radiological imagery of the structure of the spongious substance in the postnatal development of the tibio-tarsal bones of the Peking domestic duck (Anas platyrhynchos var. domestica). Poult Sci. 90:830-835.
- Einhorne, T.A., 1996. Biomechanics of bone. In, Principles of Bone Biology. Raisz, L.G., Rodan, G.A. 25-27, Academic Press, USA.
- Gonz´alez-Cer´on, F., Rekaya, R., Aggrey, S.E., 2015. Genetic analysis of bone quality traits and growth in a random mating broiler population. Poult Sci. 94: 883–889.
- Harner, J.P., Wilson, J.H., 1986. Testing techniques for determination of poultry bone strength. ASAE. Am Soc Agr Biol Eng. 29:642-644.
- Harvey, B.M., Eschbach, M., Glynn, E.A., Kotha, S., Darre, M., Adams, D.J., Ramanathan, R., Mancini, R., Govoni, K.E., 2015. Effect of daily lithium chloride administration on bone mass and strength in growing broiler chickens. Poult Sci. 94: 296–301.
- Hillman, P.E., Scott, N.R., 1989. Energy budget of the chicken foot. Ther Biol. 4:205-217.
- Hu, J.Y., Hester, P.Y., Makagon, M.M., Vezzoli, G., Gates, R.S., Xiong, Y.J., Cheng, H.W., 2016. Cooled perch effects on performance and well-being traits in caged White Leghorn hens. Poult Sci. 95: 2737-2746.
- Hughes, B.O., Elson, H.A., 1977. The use of perches by broilers in floor pens. Br Poult Sci. 18: 715–722.
- Karaarslan, S., Nazligul, A., 2015. Effects of lighting, stocking density, and access to perches on leg health variables as welfare indicators in broiler chickens. Livest Sci. 218:31-36.
- Karasek, F., Stenclova, H., St’astnik, O., Mrkwicova, E., Pavlata, L., Nedemova, S., and Zeman, L., 2017. The effect of calcium and magnesium supplementation on performance and bone strenght of broiler chickens. Slov Food Sci. 1:120-125.
- Kiyma, Z., Küçükyılmaz, K., Orojpour, A., 2016. Effects of perch availability on performance, carcass characteristics, and footpad lesions in broilers. Arch Anim Breed. 59: 19-25.
- Kwiatkowska, K., Winiarska-Mieczan, A., Kwiecień, M., 2018. Effect of application of Fe-glycinate chelate in diet for broiler chickens in an amount covering 50 or 25% of the requirement on physical, morphometric and strength parameters of tibia bones. Biol Trace Element Res. 184: 483–490.
- Le Van, N.F., Estevez, I., Stricklin, W.R., 2000. Use of horizontal and angled perches by broiler chickens. Appl Anim Behav Sci. 65:349-365.
- Mabelebele, M., Norris, D., Siwendu, N.A., Ng’ambi, J.W., Alabi, O.J., Mbajiorgu, C.A., 2017. Bone morphometric parameters of the tibia and femur of indigenous and broiler chickens reared intensively. Appl Eco Env Res. 15:1387-1398.
- Martrenchar, A., Huonnic, D., Cotte, J.P., Boilletot, E., Morisse, J.P., 2000. Influence of stocking density, artificial dusk and group size on the perching behaviour of broilers. Br Poult Sci. 41:125–130.
- Moran, E.T., Todd, M.C., 1994. Continuous submarginal phosphorus with broilers and the effect of preslaughter transportation: Carcass defects, further processing yields, and tibia-femur integrity. Poult Sci. 73: 1448-1457.
- Pettit-Riley, R.L., Estevez, I., 2001. Effects of density on perching behaviour of broiler chickens. Appl Anim Behav Sci. 71:127-140, 2001.
- Su, G., Sorensen, P., Kestin, S.C., 2000. A note on the effects of perches and litter substrate on leg weakness in broiler chickens. Poult Sci. 79:1259-1263.
- Turner, C.H., Burr, D.B., 1993. Basic Biomechanical Measurements of Bone: A tutorial. Bone. 14:595-608.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Veteriner Cerrahi |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | VTF-17005 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 23 Aralık 2020 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 16 Temmuz 2020 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 26 Kasım 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2 |
