COVID-19 SALGINI SIRASINDA ÖĞRENCİLERİN SİGARAYI BIRAKMAYA HAZIR OLMA VE SAĞLIK İNANÇ DÜZEYLERİNE GÖRE ÜNİVERSİTE KAMPÜSLERİNDE TÜTÜNSÜZ KAMPÜS POLİTİKASINA DESTEK

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 132 - 143, 08.02.2024

Mehmet Kurcer , Gülşen Karaca , Merve Bektaş

Öz

Gençlerin %91,1'i kamuya açık kapalı alanlarda sigara yasağını desteklerken, %74,5'i açık alanlarda sigara içilmesinin yasaklanmasını istemektedir. Dumansız üniversite/kampüs için farklı ülkelerde örnekler mevcuttur. Konuyla ilgili uluslararası kuruluşların önerileri de mevcuttur. (Örneğin: Tüberküloz ve Akciğer Kanserine Karşı Uluslararası Örgüt tarafından hazırlanan kılavuz). Bu kılavuz dumansız üniversite/kampüs ile ilgili temel adımları içermektedir. Dumansız ve tütünsüz politikalar, Hastalık Kontrol ve Önleme Merkezleri (CDC) tarafından kapsamlı tütün kontrolü için en iyi uygulama olarak tavsiye edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada öğrencilerinde sağlık inanç modeline göre sigarayı bırakmaya hazır olma durumunun ve tütünsüz kampüs politikasına yönelik yaklaşımların tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Öğrencilerin tütünsüz kampüs projelerine katılımını etkileyen faktörleri inceleyen bu kesitsel araştırmanın evrenini Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi İbni Sina Kampüsü'nde tıp, diş hekimliği, hemşirelik, eczacılık fakülteleri ve sağlık hizmetleri meslek yüksekokullarından birinde öğrenim gören 1426 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. HBM-SCS (HBM-Sigara Bırakma Ölçeği) ve RSCS (Sigara Bırakmaya Hazır Olma Ölçeği) sigarayı bırakmaya hazır olma durumunu ve tütünsüz kampüs politikasına yönelik tutumları belirlemek için kullanılmıştır.
Öğrencilerin %47,8'i pandemide sigara içme davranışını değiştirmezken, %13,9'unun sigarayı artırdığını, %32,5'inin sigarayı azalttığını ve %5,7'sinin sigarayı bıraktığıtespit edilmiştir. 72,5'i tütünsüz kampüs politikasını desteklemeye isteklidir. 36,6'sı 6 ay içinde, %20'si ise 1 ay içinde sigarayı bırakmayı düşünmektedir. Tütünsüz kampüs politikasını desteklemeye istekli olan öğrencilerin HBM-SCS toplam puan ortalamaları (p=0.002) ve RSCS toplam puan ortalamaları (p<0.001) desteklemeyen öğrencilere göre anlamlı derecede yüksektir.
Tütünsüz kampüs politikaları gençler için kabul edilebilir ve sigara kullanımını önleyici olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tütünsüz kampüs politikası, Sigara bırakmaya hazır olma ölçeği, Sağlık inanç modeli sigara bırakma ölçeği, Sağlık inanç düzeyleri, Sigara içmek, Covid-19

SUPPORT FOR TOBACCO-FREE CAMPUS POLICY (TFCP) IN UNIVERSITY CAMPUS ACCORDING TO READINESS TO QUIT SMOKING AND HEALTH BELIEF LEVELS OF STUDENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Öz

%91,1 of young people support smoking bans in public indoor areas and %74,5 want smoking to be banned in open places. Examples are available in different countries for smokeless university/campus. Suggestions on the subject by international organisations also exist. (For example: The guideline prepared by İnternational Organisation Against Tuberculosis and Lung Cancer.) This Guidline includes basic steps relating to smokeless university/campus. Smoke and tobacco-free policies are recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as a best practice for comprehensive tobacco control. It was aimed to detect readiness to quit smoking and approaches towards Tobacco free campus policy (TFCP) according to health belief model in university students during Covid-19 pandemic.
Population of this cross sectional research examining factors affecting students’ participation in tobacco free campus projects consisted of 1426 students studying in one of the faculties of medicine, dentistry, nursing, pharmacy and vocational school of health services in İbni Sina Campus of Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University. HBM-SCS (HBM-Smoking Cessation Scale) and RSCS (Readiness to Smoking Cessation Scale) were used to detect readiness to quit smoking and attitudes towards TFCP
We detected that while %47,8 of the students didn’t change smoking behavior in pandemic,%13,9 increased smoking,%32,5 reduced smoking and %5.7 quitted smoking. %72.5 had willingness to support TFCP. %36,6 thought of quitting smoking within 6 months and %20 thought of quitting smoking within 1 month. Means of HBM-SCS total scores (p=0.002) and RSCS total scores (p<0.001) in students who had willingness to support TFCP were significantly higher than students who didn’t.
Tobacco free campus policies can be acceptable and preventive steps for young people.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tobacco free campus policy, Readiness to smoking cessation scale, Health belief model-smoking cessation scale, Health belief levels, Smoking, Smoking in covid-19

Kaynakça

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