Çatışma ve İklim Değişimi Çalışmalarının Ana Temaları ve Bibliyometrik İncelenmesi

Öz

Gerekli önlemler alınamadığı takdirde büyük sorunlara yol açacağı düşünülen iklim değişikliği, kuraklıkların ve doğal afetlerin sık ve şiddetli yaşanmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu durumda su, toprak, gıda gibi yaşam için gerekli kullanılabilir temel kaynaklar azalacaktır. Kaynaklar azaldığında yaşanan gerilimlerin, özellikle merkezi yönetimi zayıf, gelir seviyesi düşük olan az gelişmiş ülkelerde, iç ve dış çatışmaları tetikleyeceği düşünülmektedir. Diğer yandan, savaşlar, çokça fosil yakıt ve ateşli silahlar kullanımına sebep olduğundan, ormanlar ve doğal kaynakları tahrip etmekte, iklim krizinin en önemli nedeni olarak görülen karbondioksit emisyonunu arttırmaktadır. Yani, iklim değişimleri savaşları tetiklerken, ne yazık ki savaşlar da iklim krizini arttırmaktadır. Bilhassa savaş ülkeler için varoluşsal bir boyuta ulaştığında, iklim değişikliğini engellemek için büyük yatırımlarla enerji politikalarını yeniden şekillendiren devletlerde bile bu anlaşmalara uymama riski çoğalır. Bu çalışmada geleceğimiz için önemli bir tehdit olarak görülen iklim değişikliği ile savaşlar arasındaki ilişkiyi konu alan Web of Science (Wos) literatürünü ana temaları ve bibliyometrik göstergeler üzerinden inceledik. Zaman serileri incelendiğinde çatışma ve iklim değişikliği çalışmalarına ilginin arttığı ve en fazla çalışmanın özellikle "çevre bilimleri ve ekoloji" alanında yapıldığı görüldü. Çatışma ve iklim değişikliği çalışmalarının ana konularını bulmak için bu çalışmada indirilen özetlere Gizli Dirichlet Tahsisi (LDA) Konu Modellemesi uygulanmıştır. Böylece ana konuların gıda, politika, göç, karbon emisyonları ve hayvanlar olduğu belirlendi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İklim Değişikliği
• Çatışma
• İklim Krizi
• Savaş
• Konu Modelleme

Main Themes and Bibliometric Analysis of Conflict and Climate Change Studies

Öz

Climate change, thought to cause significant problems if necessary precautions are not taken, causes droughts and natural disasters to occur frequently and severely. The primary resources required for life, such as water, soil, and food, will decrease in such a situation. It is thought that experiencing tensions dependent on resource scarcity will trigger internal and external conflicts, especially in underdeveloped countries with weak central governments and low income levels. On the other hand, because wars cause the use of large amounts of fossil fuels and firearms, they destroy forests and natural resources and increase carbon dioxide emissions, which are considered the most crucial cause of the climate crisis. In other words, while climate changes trigger wars, unfortunately, wars also increase the climate crisis. Especially when war reaches an existential dimension for countries, the risk of non-compliance with these agreements increases even in states that reshape their energy policies with significant investments to prevent climate change. In this study, we examined the Web of Science (Wos) literature on the relationship between climate change, which is seen as a significant threat to our future, and wars through its main themes and bibliometric indicators. Looking at the time series, interest in conflict and climate change studies has increased, and most studies have been done mainly in the field of "environmental sciences and ecology". Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) Topic Modeling was applied to the abstracts downloaded in this study to find the main topics of conflict and climate change studies. So, the main topics were food, politics, migration, carbon emissions, and animals.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Climate Change
• Conflict
• Climate Crisis
• War
• Topic Modeling

Kaynakça

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