THE EMERGENCE AND EVOLUTION OF POPULISM IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: PARTY POLITICS AND PERSONALITIES

Yıl 2019, , 76 - 91, 31.08.2019

İsrael Nyaburi Nyadera , Billy Agwanda

https://doi.org/10.25272/j.2149-8539.2019.5.2.02

Öz

In the earlier years of post-colonial Africa, many revolutionaries and leaders of independent Africa embarked on political actions meant to advance and restore African affairs relative to the economy, social life and culture following decades of stagnation from the highly exploitative colonial experience. Some countries experienced radical transformation of political ideology in form of calls for the expulsion of all European settlers and the reclamation of land acquired during the colonial period back to state ownership. These populist actions were well received by a majority of Africans. But following a sequence of bad governance experiences within the continent that has been characterized by politics of marginalization, a new breed of populism has emerged on the continent founded on the promise of economic development with which political leaders have exploited  to acquire power and extend their term limits through party politics, constitutional changes and electoral malpractices. This paper addresses the different faces of populism in reference to the experiences of South Africa, Rwanda and Zambia in light of factors such as economic development, ethnicity, political party competitions and ideology

Anahtar Kelimeler

Populism, Africa, Under development, Political Parties, Ethnicity

SAHARAN AFRİKA'DAKİ POPULİZMİN YANLIŞI VE EVRİMİ: PARTİ SİYASETİ VE KİŞİSELLEŞMELER

Öz

Sömürge sonrası Afrika’nın ilk yıllarında, bağımsız Afrika’nın birçok devrimcisi ve lideri, sömürücü sömürücü deneyimlerinden on yıllarca süren durgunluktan sonra ekonomi, sosyal yaşam ve kültüre göre Afrika’nın işleyişini ilerletmek ve eski haline getirmek amacıyla siyasi eylemlerde bulundu. Bazı ülkeler, tüm Avrupalı ​​yerleşimcilerin sınır dışı edilmesi ve sömürge döneminde edinilen toprağın geri kazanılmasının devlet mülkiyetine geri verilmesi çağrıları biçiminde siyasi ideolojide radikal bir dönüşüm yaşadı. Bu popülist eylemler Afrikalıların çoğunluğu tarafından iyi karşılandı. Ancak kıtada, marjinalleşme politikalarıyla nitelendirilen bir dizi kötü yönetişim deneyimi yaşandıktan sonra, siyasi liderlerin iktidarı elde etmek ve güçlerini uzatmak için sömürdüğü ekonomik gelişme vaadi üzerine kurulan kıtada yeni bir popülizm türü ortaya çıktı. parti politikaları, anayasa değişiklikleri ve seçim yanlışlıkları yoluyla sınırlamalar. Bu makale, ekonomik gelişme, etnik köken, siyasi parti yarışmaları ve ideoloji gibi faktörlerin ışığında, Güney Afrika, Ruanda ve Zambiya deneyimlerini referans alarak popülizmin farklı yüzlerini ele alıyor.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Popülizm, Afrika, Gelişmekte Olan, Siyasal Partiler, Etnisite

Kaynakça

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