Determination of the Effect of Ecological Corridors on Microclimate and Air Pollution Distribution; The Case of Erzurum

Öz

In Erzurum, where the relationship between climate and urbanisation processes is problematic and negatively affects living conditions, it is necessary to prepare adaptation strategies for spatial planning by determining data such as wind movements, inversion, thermal comfort, air pollution and microclimate values and to produce climate simulations for the future. In the study carried out in this context, concrete results and tools based on simulations of ecological corridors and their effects are presented to solve the air pollution problem in Erzurum and to improve the quality of life by protecting human health. The research method is to determine the effects of two ecological corridors, which are proposed to be opened by considering the covered streamlines, on the air pollution and local microclimate conditions around them through simulation maps produced by ENVI-met software. The results show that the proposed ecological corridors improve air quality in the surrounding urban built environment, reduce pollution, but cause a decrease in thermal comfort values. In addition, the proposed ecological corridors provide ventilation opportunities, restoration of the closed streamline is proposed, and high-density urban development is prevented. It is thought that the results will provide exemplary findings in determining the effects of ecological corridors on thermal comfort conditions and air pollution distribution for our cities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Climate change
• air pollution
• Erzurum
• ENVI-met
• climate adaptation

Ekolojik Koridorların Mikro İklim ve Hava Kirliliği Dağılımı Üzerindeki Etkisinin Belirlenmesi; Erzurum Örneği

Öz

İklimle kentleşme süreçleri arasındaki ilişkinin sorunlu olduğu ve yaşam koşullarını olumsuz etkilediği Erzurum kentinde, rüzgâr hareketleri, inversiyon, termal konfor, hava kirliliği ve mikro iklim değerleri gibi verilerin belirlenerek mekânsal planlama için uyum stratejilerinin hazırlanması ve geleceğe dair iklim simülasyonlarının üretilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu kapsamda yapılan çalışma ile, Erzurum’da hava kirliliği probleminin çözümü ve insan sağlığını koruyarak yaşam kalitesinin yükseltilmesi amacıyla ekolojik koridor önerilerine dayalı simülasyonlar yapılmış ve etkilerine dair somut sonuçlar ve araçlar ortaya konmuştur. Araştırma yöntemi, Erzurum kenti içerisindeki üzeri kapatılmış dere hatlarını dikkate alarak açılması önerilen iki ekolojik koridorun, çevresindeki hava kirliliği ve yerel mikro iklim koşullarına etkilerinin ENVI-met programı aracılığıyla üretilen simülasyon haritaları üzerinden belirlenmesi şeklindedir. Sonuçlar, öneri ekolojik koridorların çevresindeki kentsel yapılı çevrede hava kalitesini iyileştirdiği, kirliliği azalttığı ancak termal konfor değerlerinde düşüşe neden olduğunu göstermiştir. Ek olarak öneri ekolojik koridorlar ile havalandırma imkânı sağlanmış, kapalı dere hattının restorasyonu önerilmiş, yüksek yapı yoğunluğuna sahip kentsel gelişme engellenmiştir. Sonuçların kentlerimiz için ekolojik koridor uygulamalarının mikro iklime bağlı termal konfor koşulları ve hava kirliliği dağılımı üzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenmesinde örnek teşkil edecek bulgular ortaya koyacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İklim değişikliği
• Hava kirliliği
• Erzurum
• Envi-met
• İklime uyum

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