Loïc Wacquant: Outline of a Comparative Urban Sociology

Öz

The prolific student of two giants of social science, Pierre Bourdieu and William Julius Wilson, Loïc Wacquant is an interdisciplinary sociologist who has made varied and original contributions to urban studies, although his influence extends well beyond cities. His foundational writings on carnal sociology, the penal state, ethnoracial domination and social theory have been translated into two dozen languages and have triggered debates in multiple disciplines. He is best known among urbanists for his comparative analyses and conceptualization of advanced marginality and territorial stigmatization. He is also widely read for his thesis on the penalization of poverty, and his rethinking of the vexed question of the ghetto. His work is rooted in his insistence upon intensive fieldwork as an instrument of epistemological rupture and theoretical construction. Wacquant’s emphasis on the role of the state as producer of marginality, the weight of symbolic structures in the production of dispossession in cities, and the need to fuse theory, ethnography and comparison has proven especially instructive and provocative.

 

Wacquant is Professor of Sociology at the University of California, Berkeley and a Researcher at the Centre de Européen de Sociologie et de Science Politique in Paris.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Urban Outcasts,advanced marginality,territorial stigmatization,urban sociology,Pierre Bourdieu

Loïc Wacquant: Karşılaştırmalı Bir Kent Sosyolojisinin Ana Hatları

Öz

Sosyal bilimlerin iki devinin, Pierre Bourdieu ve William Julius’un üretken öğrencisi Loïc Wacquant, kent çalışmalarına, etkisi kentlerden çok daha öteye uzanan, çeşitli ve özgün katkılar sunan disiplinler arası bir sosyologdur. Beden sosyolojisi, ceza devleti, etnik-ırksal tahakküm ve toplum kuramı üzerine kurucu nitelikteki yazıları iki düzine dile çevrilmiş ve çeşitli disiplinlerdeki tartışmaları tetiklemiştir. Kent araştırmacıları içerisinde en çok karşılaştırmalı incelemeleri ve ilerlemiş marjinallik ve bölgesel damgalama kavramsallaştırması ile bilinmektedir. Ayrıca yoksulluğun cezalandırılması üzerine tezi ve başa çıkılması zor getto problemini yeniden ele alışı da yaygın bir biçimde okunmaktadır. Çalışmaları, epistemolojik kopuşun ve teorik inşanın aracı olarak yoğun alan araştırmasına dayalıdır. Wacquant’ın marjinalliğin üreticisi olarak devletin rolü, kentlerdeki mülksüzleştirmenin üretilmesinde sembolik yapıların ağırlığı, kuram, etnografya ve karşılaştırmalı çalışmalar konularındaki vurgusu bilhassa öğretici ve kışkırtıcı olmuştur.

Wacquant, Kaliforniya Üniversitesi, Berkeley’de Sosyoloji profesörü ve Paris’te Avrupa Sosyoloji ve Siyaset Bilimi Merkezi’nde (Centre de Européen de Sociologie et de Science Politique) araştırmacıdır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kent Paryaları,ileri marjinallik,bölgesel damgalama,kent sosyolojisi,Pierre Bourdieu

Kaynakça

1. İkincil Kaynaklar ve Referanslar Bourdieu, P. (1991). Language and symbolic power. Cambridge: Polity Press.
2. Bourdieu, P. (1999). The weight of the world: Social suffering in contemporary socie-ty. Cambridge: Polity Press.
3. Drake, S. and Cayton, H. (1993 [1945]). Black metropolis: A study of negro life in a northern city. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
4. Goffman, E. (1963). Stigma: notes on the management of spoiled identity. London: Penguin.
5. Schneider, C.L. (2014). Police power and race riots: Urban unrest in Paris and New York. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
6. Wacquant, L. (2009b). The body, the ghetto and the penal state. Qualitative Sociology, 32(1): 101–129.
7. Wacquant, L. (2012). Three steps to a historical anthropology of actually exist-ing neoliberalism. Social Anthropology, 20(1): 66–79.
8. Wacquant, L. (2014). Marginality, ethnicity and penality in the neoliberal city: An analytic cartography. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 37(10): 1687–1711.

9. Wacquant, L. (2016b). Revisiting territories of relegation: Class, ethnicity and the state in the making of marginality. Urban Studies, 53(6): 1077–1088.
10. Wacquant, L. and Wilson, W.J. (1989). The cost of racial and class exclusion in the inner city. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sci-ence, 501: 8–25. Temel kent yazıları
11. Wacquant, L. (2002). Scrutinizing the street: Poverty, morality and the pitfalls of urban ethnography. American Journal of Sociology, 107(6): 1468–1532.
12. Wacquant, L. (2004). Body and soul: Notebooks of an apprentice boxer. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.
13. Wacquant, L. (2008). Urban outcasts: A comparative sociology of advanced margin-ality. Cambridge: Polity Press.
14. Wacquant, L. (2009a). Punishing the poor: The neoliberal government of social insecurity. Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press.
15. Wacquant, L. (2016a). The two faces of the ghetto. New York: Oxford University Press.