Hatay İlindeki Yerleşim Desenlerinin Analizi

Öz

Nüfusun arazi üzerindeki mekânsal dağılımına bağlı olarak meydana gelen yerleşim desenleri, bulundukları bölgenin morfolojik özelliklerine ve ekonomik kaynaklarına göre değişiklik göstermektedir. Hatay, Türkiye'nin en güneyinde Akdeniz, Amanos Dağları ve Suriye sınırı arasında yer alırken, farklı büyüklük ve şekillerdeki yerleşim alanlarından oluşmaktadır. Çalışma, jeomorfolojinin yerleşimler üzerindeki etkisini incelemeyi ve yerleşim tipolojileri, ekonomi, demografi arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. 2018 Corine Arazi Örtüsü verileri, 2019 TUİK verileri ve Hatay Büyükşehir Belediyesine ait verileri çalışma kapsamında incelemiştir. Gözlemlenen sonuçlara göre, Hatay'ın kentin ekonomik çeşitliliğine göre yerleşim alanları doğrusal, kümelenmiş, dağınık ve dağınık kümelenmiş desenlerin oluşmasını sağlamıştır. Sanayi bölgesinde dağınık-kümelenmiş, turizm bölgesinde doğrusal, tarımsal üretim bölgesinde dağınık olarak ayrılan yerleşim alanları, 2011 yılında başlayan Suriye savaşı nedeniyle Suriye göçünden de yoğun olarak etkilenmiş ve dönüşmüştür. Sonuç olarak, Hatay'ın yerleşim değişimlerinde jeomorfoloji, gelişmiş üretim sistemleri, gelişmiş ulaşım aksları ve uluslararası ilişkiler etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Belirlenen bu dinamiklerin şehir planlamasının gelecek previzyonunda kesinlikle dikkate alınması gereken başlıklardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yerleşim şekilleri
• Jeomorfolojik özellikler
• Ekonomik yapı
• Suriye savaşı
• Nüfus değişimi

Analysis of Settlements Patterns in Hatay Province

Öz

The settlement patterns that occur by the spatial distribution of the population vary according to the morphological characteristics and economic resources of the region at which they are located. While Hatay is located in Turkey’s south between the Mediterranean Sea, the Amanos Mountains, and the Syrian border, it forms from settlements areas in which are diverse sizes and different shapes. The study aims to examine the impact of geomorphology on settlements and to reveal the relationship between the settlement typologies, economy, and demography. 2018 Corine Land Cover data, 2019 TUIK data, and Hatay Metropolitan Municipality data were investigated within this scope. According to the results, settlement areas of Hatay were classified into four groups with four patterns, while the patterns varied by the existence of economic structure. The pattern distribution was determined as dispersed-clustered in the industrial region, as linear in the tourism zone, and as dispersed in the agricultural production zone. Settlements were also densely affected and transformed by the 2011 Syrian refugee crisis due to the Syrian civil war. In conclusion, while geomorphology, advanced production systems, developed transportation axes, and international relations are effective in Hatay's settlement alterations, so these dynamics should strictly consider in city planning.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Settlement patterns
• Geomorphological characteristics
• Economic structure
• Syrian war
• Population change

Kaynakça

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