Kamusal Mekanın Neoliberal Yeniden Üretimi ve (“Yeni”) Orta Sınıf Mekânsallığı: Tepe Prime Örneği

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 21, 338 - 375, 01.05.2018

Erdem Güven

Öz

Sermaye birikiminin tahripkâr süreçlerine koşut olarak
devlet, piyasa ve toplum arasındaki içsel ilişkinin neoliberal dönüşümü kamusal
mekânları da dikkate değer biçimde dönüştürmektedir. Geleneksel kamusallık
anlayış ve pratiklerinden ayrılan yeni kamusal mekân biçimleri, toplumsal
sınıflar açısından yeni dinamikler, yatkınlıklar ve stratejilere içkin yeni tür
iktidar ve tahakküm ilişkilerini beraberinde getirmektedir. Söz konusu
ilişkilerin gündelik hayat ve mekânın tüketimi üzerinde gerçekleşen sembolik ve
ideolojik mücadele aracılığıyla harekete geçirdiği süreçlerden biri de, orta
sınıfın geçirgen ve muğlak eksenlerinin sürgit biçimde yeniden üretimidir.
Çalışma, bu türden bir süreci toplumsal sınıflar ve mekân arasındaki etkileşime
ilişkin yeni bir kamusallık ve mekânsallığın üretimi bağlamında incelemeyi
amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, kapitalist kentsel yaşamın üretim ve
tüketim mekânlarını temsil ettiği düşünülen iki örnek olgunun karşıt
konumlanışı üzerinden hareket edilmektedir: Bir yanda, orta sınıfın alt
katmanları için mobilizasyon çabasına olanak tanıyan bir mekân örneği olarak
alışveriş merkezleri; diğer yanda, 'yeni orta sınıf' öznelliğinin sembolik
meşruiyeti için yapıcı bir mekân örneği olarak Tepe Prime. Çalışmada, son
kertede Tepe Prime örneğinin, sınıf mobilizasyonuna göreli ölçüde olanak
tanımaya başlayarak bir yarı-kamusal mekân görünümü kazanan geleneksel alışveriş
merkezlerinden yalnızca mekânın kamusal kullanımına ilişkin sınıflar-arası
sınırlılıklar açısından değil, yanı sıra mekânın toplumsal üretimi ile küresel
piyasa toplumuna özgü sınıf-içi eşitsizlikler arasındaki diyalektik ilişkiyi
sergilemesi açısından da farklılaştığı tespit edilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kamusal mekanın neoliberal yeniden üretimi, Toplumsal sınıfların mekansal ayrışması, Orta sınıf, Sembolik dışlama, Tepe Prime, Tüketimcilik

Neoliberal Reproduction of Public Space and (“New”) Middle Class Spatiality: The Case of Tepe Prime

Öz

The
neoliberal transformation of the cooperation between the state, market and
society in tune with devastating processes of capital accumulation has been drastically
transforming the public spaces as well. Now new forms of public spaces,
diverging from conventional understandings and practices come along with new
relations of power and subordination inherent in new dynamics, dispositions and
strategies. What these relations stimulate is the constant process of
reproduction of the volatile and uncertain axes of middle class through the
symbolic and ideological struggle on the consumption of every instant of
everyday life, and needless to say, of space. This article aims at examining
the process in effect in terms of the production of both a new spatiality and
publicity concerning the interplay between social classes and space. It attempts
to conduct it by drawing on the juxtaposition of two examples which are
considered to address the new sites of the production and consumption of capitalist
urban life: Shopping malls, providing a space of mobilization struggle for the
lower segments of middle class; and Tepe Prime, constituting a constructive space
for the symbolic legitimacy of ‘new middle class’ subjectivity. The article consequently
argues that unlike shopping malls which nowadays seem to be allowing class
mobilization as a semi-public space, Tepe Prime not only falls short to offer a
genuine public use of the space, but more significantly, it well illustrates
the dialectical relation between the social production of space and
intra-middle class inequality peculiar to global market society.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Neoliberal production of public space, Spatial segregation of social classes, Middle class, Symbolic exclusion, Tepe Prime, Consumerism

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