Loïc Wacquant: Outline of a Comparative Urban Sociology

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 26, 20 - 27, 14.05.2019

Tom Slater

Öz

The prolific student of two giants
of social science,
Pierre Bourdieu and
William Julius Wilson, Loïc Wacquant is an interdisciplinary
sociologist who has made varied and original contributions to urban studies,
although his influence extends well beyond cities. His foundational writings on
carnal sociology, the penal state, ethnoracial domination and social theory
have been translated into two dozen languages and have
triggered debates in multiple disciplines. He is best known among urbanists for
his comparative analyses and conceptualization of advanced marginality and
territorial stigmatization. He is also widely
read for his thesis on the penalization of poverty,
and his rethinking of the vexed question of the ghetto.
His work is rooted in his insistence upon intensive fieldwork as an instrument of epistemological rupture
and theoretical construction. Wacquant’s emphasis
on the role of the state as producer of marginality,
the weight of symbolic structures in the production of dispossession in cities, and the
need to fuse theory, ethnography and
comparison has proven especially instructive and provocative.

 

Wacquant is Professor of Sociology
at the University of California, Berkeley and a Researcher at the Centre de
Européen de Sociologie et de Science Politique in Paris.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Urban Outcasts, advanced marginality, territorial stigmatization, urban sociology, Pierre Bourdieu

Loïc Wacquant: Karşılaştırmalı Bir Kent Sosyolojisinin Ana Hatları

Öz

Sosyal
bilimlerin iki devinin, Pierre Bourdieu ve William Julius’un üretken öğrencisi
Loïc Wacquant, kent çalışmalarına, etkisi kentlerden çok daha öteye uzanan,
çeşitli ve özgün katkılar sunan disiplinler arası bir sosyologdur. Beden
sosyolojisi, ceza devleti, etnik-ırksal tahakküm ve toplum kuramı üzerine
kurucu nitelikteki yazıları iki düzine dile çevrilmiş ve çeşitli
disiplinlerdeki tartışmaları tetiklemiştir. Kent araştırmacıları içerisinde en
çok karşılaştırmalı incelemeleri ve ilerlemiş marjinallik ve bölgesel damgalama
kavramsallaştırması ile bilinmektedir. Ayrıca yoksulluğun cezalandırılması
üzerine tezi ve başa çıkılması zor getto problemini yeniden ele alışı da yaygın
bir biçimde okunmaktadır. Çalışmaları, epistemolojik kopuşun ve teorik inşanın
aracı olarak yoğun alan araştırmasına dayalıdır. Wacquant’ın marjinalliğin
üreticisi olarak devletin rolü, kentlerdeki mülksüzleştirmenin üretilmesinde
sembolik yapıların ağırlığı, kuram, etnografya ve karşılaştırmalı çalışmalar
konularındaki vurgusu bilhassa öğretici ve kışkırtıcı olmuştur.

Wacquant,
Kaliforniya Üniversitesi, Berkeley’de Sosyoloji profesörü ve Paris’te Avrupa
Sosyoloji ve Siyaset Bilimi Merkezi’nde (Centre de Européen de Sociologie et de
Science Politique) araştırmacıdır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kent Paryaları, ileri marjinallik, bölgesel damgalama, kent sosyolojisi, Pierre Bourdieu

Kaynakça

• İkincil Kaynaklar ve Referanslar Bourdieu, P. (1991). Language and symbolic power. Cambridge: Polity Press.
• Bourdieu, P. (1999). The weight of the world: Social suffering in contemporary socie-ty. Cambridge: Polity Press.
• Drake, S. and Cayton, H. (1993 [1945]). Black metropolis: A study of negro life in a northern city. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
• Goffman, E. (1963). Stigma: notes on the management of spoiled identity. London: Penguin.
• Schneider, C.L. (2014). Police power and race riots: Urban unrest in Paris and New York. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
• Wacquant, L. (2009b). The body, the ghetto and the penal state. Qualitative Sociology, 32(1): 101–129.
• Wacquant, L. (2012). Three steps to a historical anthropology of actually exist-ing neoliberalism. Social Anthropology, 20(1): 66–79.
• Wacquant, L. (2014). Marginality, ethnicity and penality in the neoliberal city: An analytic cartography. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 37(10): 1687–1711.
• Wacquant, L. (2016b). Revisiting territories of relegation: Class, ethnicity and the state in the making of marginality. Urban Studies, 53(6): 1077–1088.
• Wacquant, L. and Wilson, W.J. (1989). The cost of racial and class exclusion in the inner city. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sci-ence, 501: 8–25. Temel kent yazıları
• Wacquant, L. (2002). Scrutinizing the street: Poverty, morality and the pitfalls of urban ethnography. American Journal of Sociology, 107(6): 1468–1532.
• Wacquant, L. (2004). Body and soul: Notebooks of an apprentice boxer. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Wacquant, L. (2008). Urban outcasts: A comparative sociology of advanced margin-ality. Cambridge: Polity Press.
• Wacquant, L. (2009a). Punishing the poor: The neoliberal government of social insecurity. Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press.
• Wacquant, L. (2016a). The two faces of the ghetto. New York: Oxford University Press.