ASSESSING TRANSPORTATION AND LOGISTICS EFFICIENCY THROUGH MCDM METHODS-EVIDENCE FROM OECD COUNTRIES

Öz

Transportation and logistics systems constitute a critical foundation for economic growth, environmental sustainability, and social welfare in modern economies. In OECD countries, transportation infrastructure and logistics efficiency play a decisive role in supporting international trade, supply chain integration, and competitiveness. However, evaluating transportation and logistics performance requires a multidimensional analytical framework that simultaneously incorporates infrastructure quality, digitalization, environmental impact, financial development, and social dynamics. This study evaluates transportation and logistics efficiency across OECD countries by employing a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) framework. Criterion weights are objectively determined using the CRITIC method, while country performance rankings are obtained through the MABAC method. To assess the robustness and reliability of the proposed model, sensitivity analysis is conducted using alternative weighting approaches—Entropy, Standard Deviation, and Equal Weight—and alternative ranking techniques, namely ARAS, COPRAS, and VIKOR. The empirical results reveal that digitalization-related criteria, particularly the use of digital platforms in transportation services and broadband internet penetration, exert the strongest influence on overall performance. The United States, South Korea, the Netherlands, France and Japan emerge as the highest-performing countries, whereas Slovakia, Costa Rica, and Colombia display the lowest efficiency levels. Notably, Türkiye ranks seventieth, outperforming several advanced OECD economies. Overall, the findings highlight the strategic importance of digital infrastructure in enhancing transportation and logistics efficiency. The proposed MCDM framework provides policymakers with a data-driven decision-support tool for prioritizing transportation investments and designing integrated logistics, digitalization, and sustainability-oriented policies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Logistics
• Transportation
• Digitalization
• Economic Growth
• MCDM Methods

ULAŞTIRMA VE LOJİSTİK VERİMLİLİĞİN ÇKKV YÖNTEMLERİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ - OECD ÜLKELERİNDEN KANITLAR

Öz

Ulaştırma ve lojistik sistemleri, ekonomik büyüme, çevresel sürdürülebilirlik ve toplumsal refah açısından modern ekonomilerin temel bileşenleri arasında yer almaktadır. OECD ülkelerinde ulaştırma altyapısı ve lojistik verimlilik, uluslararası ticaretin desteklenmesi, tedarik zincirlerinin entegrasyonu ve rekabet gücünün artırılması açısından belirleyici bir role sahiptir. Bununla birlikte, ulaştırma ve lojistik performansının sağlıklı biçimde değerlendirilebilmesi; altyapı kalitesi, dijitalleşme, çevresel etkiler, finansal gelişmişlik ve sosyal dinamikleri eş zamanlı olarak ele alan çok boyutlu bir analitik çerçeve gerektirmektedir. Bu çalışma, OECD ülkelerinde ulaştırma ve lojistik verimliliğini Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) yöntemleri kullanarak değerlendirmektedir. Kriter ağırlıkları nesnel olarak CRITIC yöntemi ile belirlenirken, ülkelerin performans sıralamaları MABAC yöntemi aracılığıyla elde edilmektedir. Önerilen modelin sağlamlığını ve güvenilirliğini test etmek amacıyla; Entropi, Standart Sapma ve Eşit Ağırlık yöntemleri ile alternatif ağırlıklandırmalar yapılmış, ARAS, COPRAS ve VIKOR yöntemleri kullanılarak duyarlılık analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, ulaştırma ve lojistik performansı üzerinde dijitalleşme ile ilişkili kriterlerin belirleyici olduğunu göstermektedir. Özellikle ulaştırma hizmetlerinde dijital platformların kullanımı ve geniş bant internet yaygınlığı, genel performans üzerinde en yüksek etkiye sahiptir. Performans sıralamasında Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Güney Kore, Hollanda, Fransa ve Japonya üst sıralarda yer alırken; Slovakya, Kosta Rika ve Kolombiya en düşük performans gösteren ülkeler olmuştur. Türkiye ise onyedinci sırada yer alarak birçok gelişmiş OECD ülkesini geride bırakmıştır. Sonuç olarak, çalışma ulaştırma ve lojistik verimliliğinin artırılmasında dijital altyapının stratejik önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Önerilen ÇKKV çerçevesi, politika yapıcılara ulaştırma yatırımlarının önceliklendirilmesi ve lojistik, dijitalleşme ve sürdürülebilirlik odaklı politikaların geliştirilmesi için veri temelli bir karar destek aracı sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ulaştırma
• Lojistik
• Dijitalleşme
• Ekonomik Büyüme
• ÇKKV Yöntemleri

Kaynakça

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