HİYERARŞİK PLATO VE KENDINI İŞLETMEDEN HISSETME DURUMUNUN PERFORMANS HEDEFİNE YÖNELİM VE YENİLİKÇİ DAVRANIŞA ETKİSİNDE ÖRGÜTSEL ÖZDEŞLEŞMENİN ROLÜ

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1 , 133 - 157 , 01.12.2011

Ömer Turunç Melih Altay Necdet Bilgin

https://izlik.org/JA27SY36JJ

Öz

Rekabetin yoğunlaştığı günümüz şartlarında örgütler yeniliklere ayak uydurmak zorundadır. Yenilikçi ortamın oluşturulması için de bireylerin motive edilerek bazı hedeflere yönelmesi sağlanmalıdır. Bu çalışmada hiyerarşik plato, kendini işletmeden hissetme ve özdeşleşmenin yenilikçi davranış ve performans hedefine yönelim değişkenleri üzerindeki etkiler sorgulanmıştır. Ankara’da güvenlik sektöründe çalışmakta olan 486 katılımcıdan elde edilen bulgular sonucunda kendini işletmeden hissetmenin ve hiyerarşik platonun özdeşleşme üzerinde pozitif etkisinin olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca kendini işletmeden hissetmenin yenilikçi davranış ve performans hedefine yönelim üzerinde pozitif etkisinin olduğu ve bu etkide özdeşleşmenin tam aracılık ettiği gözlenmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yenilikçi Davranış , Performans Hedefine Yönelim , Kendini İşletmeden Hissetme , Hiyerarşik Plato , Örgütsel Özdeşleşme

EFFECTS OF HIERARCHICAL PLATEUING AND PERCEIVED INSIDER STATUS ON PERFORMANCE GOAL ORIENTATION AND INNOVATIVE BEHAVIOR: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL IDENTIFICATION

https://izlik.org/JA27SY36JJ

Öz

As competition conditions become intense, organizations today have to keep pace with innovation. For the creation of innovative environment, individuals should be motivated to orientate to some goals. In this study the effects of hierarchical plateuing, perceived insider status and organizational identification are investigated on performance goal orientation and innovative behavior. The sample is composed of 486 respondents who is working in security sector in Ankara. The results reveal that direct positive effects of hierarchical plateuing and perceived insider status on organizational identification. The results also demonstrate that positive effects of perceived insider status on innovative behavior and performance goal orientation are mediated by organizational identification

Anahtar Kelimeler

Innovative Behavior , Performance Goal Orientation , Perceived Insider IdentificationStatus , Hierarchical Plateuing , Organizational

Kaynakça

• Allen, T.D., Poteet, M.I. & Russel, J.E.A. (1998). Attitudes of Managers Who Are More or Less Career Plateaued. Career Development Quarterly, 47, 159-172.
• Allen, T.D., Russell,J.E.A., Poteet, M.L. & Dobbins, G.H. (1999). Learning and Development Factors Related to Perceptions of Job Content And Hierarchical Plateauing. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20, 1113-1137.
• Anafarta, N. (2002). Bireysel Kariyer Danışmanı Olarak Rehber (Mentor). C.Ü. İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 3(1), 115-128.
• Armstrong-Stassen, M. & Ursel, N.D. (2009). Perceived Organizational Support, Career Satisfaction, and the Retention of Older Workers. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 82, 201- 220.
• Ashforth, B.E. & Mael, F. (1989). Social Identity Theory and the Organizations. Academy of Management Review, 14, 20-39.
• Axtell, C.M., Holman, D.J., Unsworth, K., Wall, T.D. Waterson, P. & Harrington E. (2000). Shopfloor Innovation: Facilitating the Suggestion and Implementation of Ideas. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 73, 265-85.
• Baron, R.M. & Kenny, D.A. (1986). The Moderator Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, And Statistical Considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
• Beckmann, N., Beckmann, J.F. & Elliott, J.G. (2009). Self-Confidence and Performance Goal Orientation Interactively Predict Performance in a Reasoning Test with Accuracy Feedback. Learning and Individual Differences, 19, 277-282.
• Benkhoff, B. (1997). Better Performance through Organizational Identification: A Test of Outcomes and Antecedents Based on Social Identity Theory. In the Search for Competitiveness and Its Implications for Employment (Wickham J., Ed.), Oak Tree Press, Dublin.
• Bettencourt, Lance A. (2004). Change-Oriented Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: The Direct and Moderating Influence of Goal Orientation. Journal of Retailing, 80, 165-180.
• Blau, P. (1964). Exchange And Power in Social Life. New York: Wiley.
• Braten, I., Samuelstuen, M.S. & Stromso, H.I. (2004). Do Students’ Self- Efficacy Beliefs Moderate the Effects of Performance Goals on Self- Regulatory Strategy Use? Educational Psychology, 24(2), 231- 247.
• Brett J.F. & Vandewalle, D. (1999). Goal Orientation and Goal Content as Predictors of Performance in a Training Program, Journal of Applied Psychology, 84(6), 863-873.
• Burns, David J. (2007). Toward An Explanatory Model of Innovative Behavior. Academy Journal of Business and Psychology, 21(4), 461-488.
• Button, S.B. , Mathieu, J.E. & Zajac, D.M. (1996). Goal Orientation in Organizational Research: A Conceptual and Empirical Foundation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 67(1), 26-48.
• Caldwell, D.F. & O’reilly, C. (2003). The Determinats of Team-Based Innovation in Organizations. Small Group Resarch, 34(4), 497- 517.
• Chen, Z.X. & Aryee, S. (2007). Delegation and Employee Work Outcomes: An Examination of the Cultural Context of Mediating Processes in China. Academy of Management Journal, 50(1), 226–238.
• Cheney, G. (1983). On the Various and Changing Meaning of Organizational Membership: A Field Study of Organizational Identification. Communication Monographs, 50, 342-362.
• Cheney, G. & Tompkins, P.K. (1987). Coming to Terms with Organizational Identification and Commitment. Central States Speech Journal, 38(1), 1-15.
• Cohen, W.M. & Levinthal, D.A. (1990). Absorptive Capacity: A New Perspective on Learning and Innovative. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35, 128-152.
• Cron, W.L., Slocum,J.W., Vandewalle, D. & Fu, F.Q. (2005). The Role of Goal Orientation on Negative Emotions and Goal Setting When Initial Performance Falls Short of One’s Performance Goal. Human Performance, 18(1), 55-80.
• Deshon, R.P. & Gillespie, J.Z. (2005). A Motivated Action Theory Account of Goal Orientation. Journal of Applied Pschology, 90(6), 1096- 1127.
• Diefendorff, James M. (2004). Examination of the Roles of Action-State Orientation and Goal Orientation in the Goal-Setting and Performance Process. Human Performance, 17(4), 375-395.
• Diener, C.I. & Dweck, C.S. (1980). An Analysis of Learned Helplessness: Ii. The Procesessing of Success. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90, 940-952.
• Dragoni, Lisa (2005). Understanding The Emergence of State Goal Orientation in Organizational Work Groups: The Role of Leadership and Multilevel Climate Perceptions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1084-1095.
• Dutton, J., J. Dukerich, & Harquail, C.V. (1994). Organizational Images and Membership Commitment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 34, 239-263.
• Feldman, D.C., & Weitz, B.A. (1988). Career Plateaus Reconsidered. Journal of Management, 14, 69-80.
• Fiol, C.M., (1994). Consensus, Diversity, and Learning in Organizations. Organization Science, 5, 403-420.
• Frese, M., Stewart, J. & Hannover, B. (1987). Goal Orientation and Planfulness: Action Styles as Personality Concepts. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(6), 1182-1194.
• Glynn, M.A., Kazanjian, R. & Drazin, R. (2010). Fostering Innovation in Complex Product Development Settings: The Role of Team Member Identity and Interteam Interdependence. J Prod Innov Manag, 27, 1082-1095.
• Greenberger, D. B. & Strasser, S. (1986). The Development and Application of A Model of Personal Control in Organizations. Academy of Management Review, 11, 164–177.
• Harackiewicz, J.M., Baron, K.E. & Elliot, A.J. (1998). Rethinking Achievement Goals: When Are They Adaptive for College Students and Why. Educational Psyhologist, 33(1), 1-21.
• Hipple, S. (1998). Contingent Work: Results from the Second Survey. Monthly Labor Review, 121, 22–35.
• http://www.ozelguvenlik.pol.tr/teskilatistatistik.asp, 24.02.2011
• Janssen, O. (2003). Innovative Behaviour and Job Involvement at the Price of Conflict and Less Satisfactory Relations with Co-Workers. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 76, 347- 364.
• Janssen, O. & Van Yperen, N. W. (2004). Employees’ Goal Orientations, The Quality of Leader-Member Exchange, and the Outcomes of Job Performance and Job Satisfaction. Academy of Management Journal, 47(3), 368-384.
• Kalleberg, A.L. & Schmidt, K. (1997). Contingent Employment in Organizations: Relations. A.L. Kalleberg, D. Knoke, P. Marsden, & J. Spaeth (Der.), Organizations in America: Analyzing Their Structures and Human Resource (ss. 253–275). New York, Sage. Subcontracting
• Kanter, R.M. (1983). The Change Master: Innovation For Productivity In The American Corporation, Simon And Schuster, New York.
• Katrinli, A. , Atabay, G., Günay, G. & Güneri, B. (2008). Leader-Member Exchange, Organizational Identification and The Mediating Role of Job İnvolvement for Nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 64(4), 354-362.
• Kim, T.-Y., Hon, A.H.Y. & Crant, J.M. (2009). Proactive Personality, Employee Creativity, and Newcomer Outcomes: A Longitudinal Study. Journal of Business and Psychology, 24, 93–103.
• Kreiner G.E. & Ashforth, B.E. (2004). Evidence Toward An Expanded Model of Organizational Identification. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(1), 1-27.
• Lee, S.M., (1971). An Empirical Analysis of Organizational Identification. Academy of Management Journal, 14(2), 213-226.
• Li, A. & Bagger, J. (2008). Role Ambiguity and Self-Efficacy: The Moderating Effects of Goal Orientation and Procedural Justice. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73, 368-375.
• Mael F. (1988). Organizational Identification: Construct Redefinition and A Field Application with Organizational Alumni, Basılmamış Doktora Tezi, Wayne State University, Detroit, Mi.
• Mael, F. & Ashforth, B. (1992). Alumni and Their Alma Mater: A Partial Test of the Reformulated Model of Organizational Identification. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13, 103-123.
• Mael, F. & Tetrick, L.E. (1992), Identifying Organizational Identification. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 52, 813-824.
• Markose B. & Jayachandran, S. (2008) The Impact Of Organizational Citizenship Behaviours On Goal Orientation And Perfromance Of Salespeople: An Emprical Study. International Journal Of Businees Insights And Transformation, 2 , 1, 16-27.
• Mccleese, C.S., Eby,L.T., Scharlau E.A. & Hoffman, B.E. (2007). Hierarchical, Job Content, and Double Plateaus: A Mixed-Method Study of Stress, Depression and Coping Responses. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 71, 282-299.
• Miller, V.D., Allen, M., Casey, M.K. & Johnson, J.R. (2000). Reconsidering the Organizational Identification Questionnaire. Management Communication Quarterly, 13(4), 626-658.
• Milliman, J. F. (1992). Causes, Consequences and Moderating Factors of Career Plateauing, Basılmamış Doktora Tezi, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
• Myers, S.A. & Kassing, J.W. (1998). The Relationship between Perceived Supervisory Communication Behaviors and Subordinate Organizational Identification. Communication Research Reports, 15(1), 71-81.
• O’reilly, C. & Chatman, J. (1986). Organizational Commitment and Psychological Attachment: The Effects of Compliance, Identification and Internalization on Prosocial Behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71, 492-499.
• Osterloh, M. & Frey, B. (2000). Motivation, Knowledge Transfer, and Organizational Forms. Organization Science, 11(5), 538-550.
• Ostroff C. & Schmitt, N. (1993). Configurations of Organizational Effectiveness and Efficiencies. Academy of Management Journal, 36(6), 1345-1361.
• Pfeffer, J. & Baron, J. N. (1988). Taking The Workers Back Out: Recent Trends in the Structuring of Employment. B.M. Staw, & L.L. Cummings (Der.), Research in Organizational Behavior, Greenwich, Ct: Jai Press. 10, 257–303.
• Pirola-Merlo, A. & Mann, L. (2004). The Relationship between Individual Creativity and Team Creativity: Aggregating across People and Time. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25, 235–257.
• Porath, C.L. & Bateman, T.S. (2006). Self-Regulation: From Goal Orientation to Job Performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(1), 185-192.
• Porter, Christopher O.L.H. (2005). Goal Orientation: Effects on Backing up Behavior, Performance, Efficacy, and Commitment in Teams. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(4), 811-818.
• Potosky, D. & Ramakrishna, H.V. (2002). The Moderating Role of Updating Climate Perceptions in the Relationship between Goal Orientation, Performance, 15(3), 275-297. and Job Performance. Human
• Rousseau, D.M. (1989). Psychological and Implied Contracts in Organizations. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 2, 121–139.
• Rousseau, D.M. (1995). Psychological Contracts in Organizations: Understanding Written and Unwrittenagreements. Thousand Oaks, Ca: Sage.
• Samuel, C.C, (2000). Modern Management Diversity, Quality, Ethics & The Global Environment, Prentice Hall International Inc., London.
• Sanusi, Z.M., Iskandar, T.M. & Poon, J.M.L. (2007). Effects of Goal Orientation and Task Complexity on Audit Judgment Performance, Malaysian Accounting Review, 6(2), 123-139.
• Scott, S.G. & Bruce, R.A. (1994), Determinants of Innovative Behavior: A Path Model of Individual Innovation in the Workplace, Academy of Management Journal, 37(3), 580-607.
• Seijts, G.H., Latham, G.P. Tasa, K. & Latham, B.W. (2004). Goal Setting and Goal Orientation: An Integration of Two Different Yet Related Literatures. Academy of Management Journal, 47(2), 227-239.
• Sekaran, Uma (1992). Researchs Methods for Business: A Skill Building Approach. New York: John Wiley.
• Shervani, T. & Zerrillo, P.C. (1997). The Albatros of Product Innovation, Business Horizons, 40(1), 57–62.
• Silver, L.S., Dwyer, S. & Alford, B. (2006). Learning and Perfromance Goal Orientation of Salespeople Revisited: The Role of Performence-Approach and Performance-Avoidance Orientations. Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, 26(1), 27-38.
• Stamper, C. L. & Van Dyne, L. (2001). Work Status and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Field Study of Restaurant Employees. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 22, 517–536.
• Stamper, C.L. & Masterson, S.S. (2002), Insider or Outsider? How Employee Perceptions of Insider Status Affect Their Work Behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 875-894.
• Sujan, H., Weitz,B.A., Kumar, N. (1994), Learning, Orientation, Working Smart, And Effective Selling. Journal Of Marketing, 58, 3, 39-52.
• Thompson, Kenneth R. (1998). Confronting The Paradoxes In A Total Quality Environment. Organizational Dynamics, 26 , 3, 62-74.
• Tüz, Melek V. (2003). Kariyer Planlamasinda Yeni Yaklaşimlar, U. Ü. Fen- Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt.1, Sayi: 4, 169-176.
• Tüzün, K.İ. (2006). Örgütsel Güven, Örgütsel Kimlik Ve Örgütsel Özdeşleşme İlişkisi; Uygulamalı Bir Çalışma. Gazi Üniversitesi, Basılmamış Doktora Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
• Unsworth, L., Brown, H. & Mcguire, L. (2000). Employee Innovation: The Roles of Idea Generation and Idea Implementation, The Annual Conference of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 14-17 Nisan, New Orleans.
• Uzunbacak, H.H. (2004) (Hatiboğlu, 1993’ten Aktaran). Türk Emniyet Teşkilatinin Amir Siınıfının Mesleki Durgunluk (Kariyer Platosu) Döneminin Geciktirilmesine Yönelik Kariyer Planlamasi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
• Vandewalle, D., Brown, S.P., Cron, W.L. & Slocum, J.W. (1999). The Influence of Goal Orientation and Self-Regulation Tactics on Sales Performance: A Longitudinal Field Field Test. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84(2), 249-259.
• Vos, J.V.J. & Achterkamp, M.C. (2006). Stakeholder Identification in Innovation Projects Going beyond Classification. European Journal of Innovation Management, 9(2), 161-178.
• West, M.A. (2002). Sparkling Fountains or Stagnant Ponds: An Integrative Model of Creativity and Innovation Implementation in Work Groups, Applied Psychology: An International Review, 51(3), 355-424.
• West, M.A. & Farr, J.L. (1990). Innovation at Work. In M.A. West & J.L. Farr (Ed.). Innovation And Creativity At Work: Psychological and Organizational Strategies. Chichester, United Kingdom: Wiley, 3- 13.
• West, M.A. & Wallace, M. (1991). Innovation in Health Care Teams. European Journal of Social Psychology, 21, 303-315.
• Wolfe, R.A. (1994). Organizational Innovation: Review, Critique and Suggested Research Directions. Journal of Management Studies, 31, 450-431.
• Woodman, R.W., Sawyer, J.E. & Griffin, R.W. (1993). Toward a Theory of Organizational Creativity. Academy of Management Review, 18, 293-321.
• Yorulmaz, Havva (2007). Kariyerde İş Doyumu & Plato: KKTC Kamu Sektöründe Uygulamali Bir Çalışma, Yakın Doğu Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
• Yuan, F. & Woodman, R.W. (2010). Innovative Behavior in the Workplace: The Role of Performance and Image Outcome Expectations. Academy of Management Journal, 53(2), 323-342.
• Yukl, G. (2002). Leadership in Organizations. Nj: Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River.
• Zarankin, T.G. (2008). A New Look at Conflict Styles: Goal Orientation and Outcome Preferences. International Journal of Conflict Management, 19(2), 167-184.