SOSYAL MEDYA PAZARLAMASININ OTELLERDEKİ KULLANIMININ YARARLARINA YÖNELİK YÖNETİCİ ALGILARININ BELİRLENMESİ: ANTALYA ÖRNEĞİ 1
Yıl 2014,
Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 37 - 62, 01.12.2014
Orhan Can Yılmazdoğan
,
Çağıl Hale Özel
Öz
Bu araştırmanın amacı, Antalya‟daki dört ve beş yıldızlı otellerde ve tatil köylerinde genel müdürlük ve departman müdürlüğü düzeyinde çalışan yöneticilerin sosyal medya pazarlamasının otel işletmelerinde kullanımının yararlarına ilişkin algılarının ortaya çıkarılmasıdır. Araştırma kapsamına 459 adet dört ve beş yıldızlı otelden ve 52 adet tatil köyünden birer adet yöneticinin seçilmesiyle oluşan 511 kişi alınmıştır. 236 yöneticiden anket tekniğiyle toplanan veriler analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, yöneticilerin büyük çoğunluğunun sosyal medya araçlarını pazarlama amacıyla kullandığını, sosyal medya pazarlamasının otellerdeki kullanımının yararlarına yönelik yönetici algılarının ise sosyal medyada bulunma süresine ve demografik özelliklere göre anlamlı farklılıklar sergilediğini göstermiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, yöneticilere otellerdekisosyal medya pazarlaması uygulamalarında etkili olabilme yönünde öneriler sunulmuştur
Kaynakça
- Akehurst, G. (2009). User Generated Content: The Use of Blogs for Tourism Organisations and Tourism Consumers. Service Business, 3(1), 51-61.
- Al-Jenaibi, B.N.A. (2011). The Use of Social Media in the United Arab Emirates – An Initial Study. Global Media Journal Arabian Edition, 1(2), 3-27.
- Antalya İl Kültür ve Turizm Müdürlüğü (2012). Kültür-Turizm İstatistikleri. İndirilme Tarihi: 12 Mayıs 2014, http://www.antalyakulturturi zm.gov.tr/TR,67157/2012-yili.html.
- Atadil, H.A., Bereniza, K., Yılmaz, B.S. ve Çobanoğlu, C. (2010). An Analysis of The Usage of Facebook and Twitter as a Marketing Tool in Hotels, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(2), 119-125.
- Au, A. (2010). Adoption of Web 2.0 by Tourism Businesses in NSW. İndirilmeTarihi: 6 Şubat 2013, http://archive.tourism.nsw.gov.au/ Sites/SiteID6/objLib40/Adoption-of-Web%202_Jan10.pdf.
- Barbagallo, D., Bruni, L., Francalanci, C. ve Giacomazzi, P. (2012). An Empirical Study on the Relationship between Twitter Sentiment and Influence in the Tourism Domain. M. Fuchs, F. Ricci ve L. Cantoni (Der.), Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism (Proceedings of the 19th International Conference in Helsingborg, Sweden, January 24-27, 2012) (ss. 506-516). Wien – New York: Springer.
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- Buckingham, D. ve Willett, R. (2006). Digital Generations: Children, Young People and New Media. New Jersey: L. Erlbaum Associates.
- Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2011). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analizi El Kitabı: İstatistik, Araştırma Deseni, SPSS Uygulamaları ve Yorum. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayınevi.
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- Castronovo, C. ve Huang, L. (2012). Social Media in an Alternative Marketing Communication Model. Journal of Marketing Development and Competitiveness, 6(1), 117-134.
- Chan, N.L. ve Guillet, B.D. (2011). Investigation of Social Media Marketing: How does The Hotel Industry in Hong Kong Perform in Marketing on Social Media Websites? Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 28(4), 345-368.
- Chen, Y., Fay, S. ve Wang, Q. (2011). The Role of Marketing in Social Media: How Online Consumer Reviews Evolve. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 25(2), 85-94.
- Chung, J. ve Buhalis, D. (2008). Information Needs in Online Social Networks. Information Technology & Tourism, 10(4), 267-281. ComScore (2012). İndirilme Tarihi: 2 Şubat 2013, http://www.comscoredatamine.com/2012/02/facebook-shows-stro ng-growth-over-past-five-years/.
- Davis, C.H.F., Deil-Amen, R., Rios-Aguilar, C. ve Canché, M.S.G. (2012). Social Media and Higher Education: A Literature Review and Research Directions. Arizona Üniversitesi ve Claremont Graduate Üniversitesi. İndirilme Tarihi: 27 Temmuz 2013, http://works.be press.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=hfdavis.
- Di Pietro, R.B., Crews, T.B., Gustafson, C. ve Strick, S. (2012). The Use of Social Networking Sites in the Restaurant Industry: Best Practices. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 15(3), 265- 284.
- Erdoğan, İ. (2003). Pozitivist Metodoloji – Bilimsel Araştırma Tasarımı, İstatistiksel Yöntemler, Analiz ve Yorum. Ankara: Erk Yayınları.
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- Gretzel, U., Yoo, K.H. ve Purifoy, M. (2007). Online Travel Review Study: Role and Impact of Online Travel Reviews. İndirilme Tarihi: 7 Şubat 2013, http://www.tripadvisor.com/pdfs/OnlineTravelReview Report.pdf.
- Hair, J.F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J. ve Anderson, R.E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis – A Global Perspective. New Jersey: Pearson.
- Hay, B. (2010). Twitter Twitter - But who is listening? A Review of The Current and Potential Use of Twittering as a Tourism Marketing Tool. CAUTHE 2010 - 20th International Research Conference: „Challenge the Limits‟. Avustralya: Tasmania Üniversitesi.
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- http://www.itb-berlin.de/media/itbk/
- Jacobsen, J.K.S. ve Munar, A.M. (2012). Tourist Information Search and Destination Choice in a Digital Age. Tourism Management Perspectives, 1(1), 39-47.
- Jana, R. (2006). Starwood Hotels Explore Second Life First. İndirilmeTarihi: 25 Şubat 2013, http://www.businessweek. com/stories/2006-08-22/starwood-hotels-explore-second-life-first.
- Kabani, S.H. (2010). The Zen of Social Media Marketing-An Easier Way to Build Credibility, Generate Buzz, and Increase Revenue. Dallas: BenBella Books, Inc.
- Kalaycı, Ş. (2010). SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. Ankara: Asil Yayın Dağıtım.
- Kozak, N., Özel, Ç.H. ve Karagöz Yüncü, D. (2011). Hizmet Pazarlaması. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
- Larcker, D.F., Larcker, S.M. ve Tayan, B. (2012). What do Corporate Directors and Senior Managers Know about Social Media? İndirilmeTarihi: edu/cldr/research/surveys/social.html. Şubat 2013,
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- Lee, B.C. (2011). The Impact of Social Capital and Social Networks on Tourism Technology Adoption for Destination Marketing and Promotion: A Case of Convention and Visitors Bureaus. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Illinois: Illinois at Urbana Champaign Üniversitesi.
- Lenhart, A., Purcell, K., Smith, A. ve Zichkur, K. (2010). Social Media and Mobile Internet Use among Teens and Young Adults. İndirilmeTarihi: 7 Temmuz 2013, http://web.pewinternet.org/~/ media/Files/Reports/2010/PIP_Social_Media_and_Young_Adults_R eport_Final_with_toplines.pdf.
- Leung, D., Lee, H.A. ve Law, R. (2011). Adopting Web 2.0 Technologies on Chain and Independent Hotel Websites: A Case Study of Hotels in Hong Kong. R. Law, M. Fuchs ve F. Ricci (Der.), Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2011 (ss. 229-240). Vienna and New York: Springer Verlag.
- Lo, I.S., McKercher, B., Cheung, C. ve Law, R. (2011). Tourism and Online Photography. Tourism Management, 32(4), 725-731.
- Lopez, E.P., Gidumal, J.B., Tano, D.G. ve Armas, R.D. (2011). Intentions to Use Social Media in Organizing and Taking Vacation Trips. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(2), 640-654.
- Mayhew, B. (2010). Multigenerational Characteristics. İndirilme Tarihi: 24 Haziran 2013, http://www.brucemayhewconsulting.com/index.cfm? PAGEPATH=&ID=20209.
- Messinger, P.R., Stroulia, E., Lyons, K., Bone, M., Niu, R.H., Smirnov, K. ve Perelgut, S. (2009). Virtual Worlds-Past, Present, and Future: New Directions in Social Computing. Decision Support Systems, 47(3), 204-228.
- Miller, K.D., Fabian, F. ve Lin, S-J. (2009). Strategies for Online Communities. Strategic Management Journal, 30(3), 305-322.
- Nakip, M. (2006). Pazarlama Araştırmaları: Teknikler ve SPSS Destekli Uygulamalar. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
- Nunnally, J.C. (1978). Psychometric Theory. New York: McGraw-Hill.
- O‟Connor, P. (2011). An Analysis of the Use of Facebook by International Hotel Chains. International Council on Hotel, Restaurant and Institutional Education (ICHRIE) Conference 2011 (ss. 1-8). Amherst: Massachusetts Üniversitesi.
- Oppenheim, A.N. (1966). Questionnaire Design and Attitude Measurement. New York: Basic Books.
- Pan, B., Maclaurin, T. ve Crotis, J.C. (2007). Travel Blogs and Implications for Destination Marketing. Journal of Travel Research, 46(35), 35-45.
- Passant, A., Hastrup, T., Bojars, U. ve Breslin, J.G. (2008). Microblogging: A Semantic Web and Distributed Approach. C. Bizer, S. Auer, G.A. Grimnes ve T. Heath (Der.), The 4th Workshop on Scripting for the Semantic Web (SFSW 2008) at the 5th European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC '08) (ss. 1-12). Tenerife, İspanya.
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DETERMINING MANAGERS’ PERCEPTIONS ON THE BENEFITS OF SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING AT HOTELS: THE CASE OF ANTALYA
Yıl 2014,
Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 37 - 62, 01.12.2014
Orhan Can Yılmazdoğan
,
Çağıl Hale Özel
Öz
The aim of this research is to find out the perceptions of managers and department managers who work at four and five star-hotels and resorts in Antalya on benefits of social media marketing at hotels. A total of 511 managers who were chosen from 459 four and five star-hotels and 52 resorts were taken into the scope of research. Data was gathered from 236 managers via questionnaire technique. Findings showed that most of the managers within the sample use social media tools for marketing aims. It was found that managers‟ perceptions on the benefits of social media marketing differ meaningfully in terms of duration of presence on social media and demographic traits. At the end of the study, suggestions were proposed to hotel managers in order to be effective in social media marketing
Kaynakça
- Akehurst, G. (2009). User Generated Content: The Use of Blogs for Tourism Organisations and Tourism Consumers. Service Business, 3(1), 51-61.
- Al-Jenaibi, B.N.A. (2011). The Use of Social Media in the United Arab Emirates – An Initial Study. Global Media Journal Arabian Edition, 1(2), 3-27.
- Antalya İl Kültür ve Turizm Müdürlüğü (2012). Kültür-Turizm İstatistikleri. İndirilme Tarihi: 12 Mayıs 2014, http://www.antalyakulturturi zm.gov.tr/TR,67157/2012-yili.html.
- Atadil, H.A., Bereniza, K., Yılmaz, B.S. ve Çobanoğlu, C. (2010). An Analysis of The Usage of Facebook and Twitter as a Marketing Tool in Hotels, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(2), 119-125.
- Au, A. (2010). Adoption of Web 2.0 by Tourism Businesses in NSW. İndirilmeTarihi: 6 Şubat 2013, http://archive.tourism.nsw.gov.au/ Sites/SiteID6/objLib40/Adoption-of-Web%202_Jan10.pdf.
- Barbagallo, D., Bruni, L., Francalanci, C. ve Giacomazzi, P. (2012). An Empirical Study on the Relationship between Twitter Sentiment and Influence in the Tourism Domain. M. Fuchs, F. Ricci ve L. Cantoni (Der.), Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism (Proceedings of the 19th International Conference in Helsingborg, Sweden, January 24-27, 2012) (ss. 506-516). Wien – New York: Springer.
- Boyd, D.M. (2008). American Teen Sociality in Networked Publics. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi. California: Berkeley Üniversitesi.
- Buckingham, D. ve Willett, R. (2006). Digital Generations: Children, Young People and New Media. New Jersey: L. Erlbaum Associates.
- Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2011). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analizi El Kitabı: İstatistik, Araştırma Deseni, SPSS Uygulamaları ve Yorum. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayınevi.
- Carminati, B. ve Ferrari, E. (2008). Access Control and Privacy in Web- Based Social Networks. International Journal of Web Information Systems, 4(4), 395-415.
- Castronovo, C. ve Huang, L. (2012). Social Media in an Alternative Marketing Communication Model. Journal of Marketing Development and Competitiveness, 6(1), 117-134.
- Chan, N.L. ve Guillet, B.D. (2011). Investigation of Social Media Marketing: How does The Hotel Industry in Hong Kong Perform in Marketing on Social Media Websites? Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 28(4), 345-368.
- Chen, Y., Fay, S. ve Wang, Q. (2011). The Role of Marketing in Social Media: How Online Consumer Reviews Evolve. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 25(2), 85-94.
- Chung, J. ve Buhalis, D. (2008). Information Needs in Online Social Networks. Information Technology & Tourism, 10(4), 267-281. ComScore (2012). İndirilme Tarihi: 2 Şubat 2013, http://www.comscoredatamine.com/2012/02/facebook-shows-stro ng-growth-over-past-five-years/.
- Davis, C.H.F., Deil-Amen, R., Rios-Aguilar, C. ve Canché, M.S.G. (2012). Social Media and Higher Education: A Literature Review and Research Directions. Arizona Üniversitesi ve Claremont Graduate Üniversitesi. İndirilme Tarihi: 27 Temmuz 2013, http://works.be press.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=hfdavis.
- Di Pietro, R.B., Crews, T.B., Gustafson, C. ve Strick, S. (2012). The Use of Social Networking Sites in the Restaurant Industry: Best Practices. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 15(3), 265- 284.
- Erdoğan, İ. (2003). Pozitivist Metodoloji – Bilimsel Araştırma Tasarımı, İstatistiksel Yöntemler, Analiz ve Yorum. Ankara: Erk Yayınları.
- Eynard, D., Iversini, A. ve Gentile, L. (2012). Finding Similar Destinations with Flickr Geotags. S. Ossowski ve P. Lecca (Der.), SAC 2012 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing (ss. 733-736). Riva Del Garda (Trento): Trento Üniversitesi.
- Fors, A. (2008). The Power of Social Media when Creating Business Networks - The Future Valley in Borlänge. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Gävle: Gävle Üniversitesi.
- Gretzel, U., Yoo, K.H. ve Purifoy, M. (2007). Online Travel Review Study: Role and Impact of Online Travel Reviews. İndirilme Tarihi: 7 Şubat 2013, http://www.tripadvisor.com/pdfs/OnlineTravelReview Report.pdf.
- Hair, J.F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J. ve Anderson, R.E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis – A Global Perspective. New Jersey: Pearson.
- Hay, B. (2010). Twitter Twitter - But who is listening? A Review of The Current and Potential Use of Twittering as a Tourism Marketing Tool. CAUTHE 2010 - 20th International Research Conference: „Challenge the Limits‟. Avustralya: Tasmania Üniversitesi.
- Horn, R.A. (2009). Data Transformation. İndirilmeTarihi: 20 Haziran 2013, Data%20Transformation%20Handout.pdf.
- ITB (2012). ITB World Travel Trends Report 2012/2013. İndirilmeTarihi: 19 itbk_media/itbk_pdf/WTTR_Report_2013_web.pdf.
- http://www.itb-berlin.de/media/itbk/
- Jacobsen, J.K.S. ve Munar, A.M. (2012). Tourist Information Search and Destination Choice in a Digital Age. Tourism Management Perspectives, 1(1), 39-47.
- Jana, R. (2006). Starwood Hotels Explore Second Life First. İndirilmeTarihi: 25 Şubat 2013, http://www.businessweek. com/stories/2006-08-22/starwood-hotels-explore-second-life-first.
- Kabani, S.H. (2010). The Zen of Social Media Marketing-An Easier Way to Build Credibility, Generate Buzz, and Increase Revenue. Dallas: BenBella Books, Inc.
- Kalaycı, Ş. (2010). SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. Ankara: Asil Yayın Dağıtım.
- Kozak, N., Özel, Ç.H. ve Karagöz Yüncü, D. (2011). Hizmet Pazarlaması. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
- Larcker, D.F., Larcker, S.M. ve Tayan, B. (2012). What do Corporate Directors and Senior Managers Know about Social Media? İndirilmeTarihi: edu/cldr/research/surveys/social.html. Şubat 2013,
- http://www.gsb.stanford.
- Lee, B.C. (2011). The Impact of Social Capital and Social Networks on Tourism Technology Adoption for Destination Marketing and Promotion: A Case of Convention and Visitors Bureaus. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Illinois: Illinois at Urbana Champaign Üniversitesi.
- Lenhart, A., Purcell, K., Smith, A. ve Zichkur, K. (2010). Social Media and Mobile Internet Use among Teens and Young Adults. İndirilmeTarihi: 7 Temmuz 2013, http://web.pewinternet.org/~/ media/Files/Reports/2010/PIP_Social_Media_and_Young_Adults_R eport_Final_with_toplines.pdf.
- Leung, D., Lee, H.A. ve Law, R. (2011). Adopting Web 2.0 Technologies on Chain and Independent Hotel Websites: A Case Study of Hotels in Hong Kong. R. Law, M. Fuchs ve F. Ricci (Der.), Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2011 (ss. 229-240). Vienna and New York: Springer Verlag.
- Lo, I.S., McKercher, B., Cheung, C. ve Law, R. (2011). Tourism and Online Photography. Tourism Management, 32(4), 725-731.
- Lopez, E.P., Gidumal, J.B., Tano, D.G. ve Armas, R.D. (2011). Intentions to Use Social Media in Organizing and Taking Vacation Trips. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(2), 640-654.
- Mayhew, B. (2010). Multigenerational Characteristics. İndirilme Tarihi: 24 Haziran 2013, http://www.brucemayhewconsulting.com/index.cfm? PAGEPATH=&ID=20209.
- Messinger, P.R., Stroulia, E., Lyons, K., Bone, M., Niu, R.H., Smirnov, K. ve Perelgut, S. (2009). Virtual Worlds-Past, Present, and Future: New Directions in Social Computing. Decision Support Systems, 47(3), 204-228.
- Miller, K.D., Fabian, F. ve Lin, S-J. (2009). Strategies for Online Communities. Strategic Management Journal, 30(3), 305-322.
- Nakip, M. (2006). Pazarlama Araştırmaları: Teknikler ve SPSS Destekli Uygulamalar. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
- Nunnally, J.C. (1978). Psychometric Theory. New York: McGraw-Hill.
- O‟Connor, P. (2011). An Analysis of the Use of Facebook by International Hotel Chains. International Council on Hotel, Restaurant and Institutional Education (ICHRIE) Conference 2011 (ss. 1-8). Amherst: Massachusetts Üniversitesi.
- Oppenheim, A.N. (1966). Questionnaire Design and Attitude Measurement. New York: Basic Books.
- Pan, B., Maclaurin, T. ve Crotis, J.C. (2007). Travel Blogs and Implications for Destination Marketing. Journal of Travel Research, 46(35), 35-45.
- Passant, A., Hastrup, T., Bojars, U. ve Breslin, J.G. (2008). Microblogging: A Semantic Web and Distributed Approach. C. Bizer, S. Auer, G.A. Grimnes ve T. Heath (Der.), The 4th Workshop on Scripting for the Semantic Web (SFSW 2008) at the 5th European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC '08) (ss. 1-12). Tenerife, İspanya.
- Pesonen, J. (2011). Tourism Marketing in Facebook: Comparing Rural Tourism SME‟s and Larger Tourism Companies in Finland. R. Law, M. Fuchs ve F. Ricci (Der.), Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2011 (ss. 537-546). Vienna and New York: Springer Verlag.
- Pitt, L.F., Parent, M., Steyn, P.G., Berthon, P. ve Money, A. (2011). The Social Media Release as a Corporate Communication Tool for Bloggers. IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication, 54(2), 122-132.
- Reino, S. ve Hay, B. (2011). The Use of YouTube as a Tourism Marketing Tool. Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Travel & Tourism Research Association Conference (TTRA) (ss. 1-11). Ontario, Kanada. İndirilme Tarihi: 8 Şubat 2013, http://eresearch.qmu.ac. uk/2315/1/2315.PDF.
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