GÜVENLİK-ÇEVRE İLİŞKİSİNE YENİDEN BAKIŞ VE TÜRKİYE İÇİN BEKLENTİLER

Yıl 2009, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 221 - 243, 01.12.2009

A Şevket Ovalı

Öz

Çevresel bozulma 1970lerden bu yana uluslararası ilişkilerde hem akademik tartışmaların hem de dünyaya dair sosyo-politik kaygıların önemli konularından biri olmuştur. Ancak güvenlik çevre ilişkisi 1990’lara kadar akademik çevrelerin çok da ilgisini çekmemiştir. Soğuk Savaş dönemi boyunca kapsamlı ve tamamlayıcı bir güvenlik anlayışının kabulü için yapılan tüm çağrılar, sahada Süper Güçlerin çekişmesi, kuramsal alanda da realist/neo-realist hâkimiyetin gölgesinde kalmıştır. Ortodoks realist okulun tüm sert eleştirilerine rağmen, 1990’ların başında Sovyetler Birliği’nin çözülmesiyle birlikte güvenlik-çevre ilişkisi giderek daha önemli ve tartışılır bir hale gelmiştir. Çalışma günümüzde giderek önemi artan güvenlik-çevre bağlantısını güvenliğin referans nesneleri olan devlet ve birey açısından incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Devlet ve bireyi merkez alan kuramsal çerçevede, çevresel bozulmanın ulusal güvenlik ve insan güvenliği üzerindeki etkileri Türkiye’ye özel bir vurgu yaparak anlatılacaktır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çevresel Bozulma, Ulusal Güvenlik, İnsan Güvenliği, Devlet İçi Çatışma, Kaynak Savaşları

REVISITING THE ENVIRONMENT-SECURITY NEXUS AND PROSPECTS FOR TURKEY

Öz

Environmental degradation has been a significant matter of academic debate and sociopolitical concern in international relations since the 1970s. However the linkage between environmental degradation and security did not receive scholarly attention until 1990s. During the Cold War period, the call for a comprehensive and complementary security agenda encompassing non-military threats was overshadowed by Superpower rivalry as well as realist/neo-realist predominance. Despite heavy criticisms from the orthodox realist school of international relations, environment-security linkage became gradually significant after the disintegration of the Soviet Union by the beginning of the 1990s. This study aims to explore the links between environmental degradation and security by pointing out human beings and the states as the core referent objects of security. Within the framework of this theoretical background, the impacts of environmental degradation on state and human security in the post Cold War period will be evaluated with special reference to Turkey

Anahtar Kelimeler

Environmental Degradation, National Security, Human Security, Intra-state Conflict, Resource Wars

Kaynakça

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