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Yıl 2012, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, 31 - 60, 01.12.2012

Aytaç Gökmen Dilek Temiz

Öz

Mal ve sermaye akışı özellikle II. Dünya Savaşı’nın sona ermesi ile hızlanmış, doğrudan yabancı sermaye (DYS) yatırımlarının birikimini ve bununla birlikte dünyanın pek çok yerinde de çokuluslu işletmelerin (ÇUİŞ) uğraşılarının artmasını kolaylaştırmıştır. Ancak, DYS yatırımlarının önemli bir devinim kazanması 1980’ler sonrasında olmuştur. DYS yatırımlarının özellikle gelişmiş ülkelerden gelişen ülkelere akması bilgi, teknik beceri, teknoloji, finansal sermaye ve insan kaynağı aktarımını kolaylaştırmış ve de ülkelerin iktisaden gelişmesine ve kalkınmasına katkıda bulunmuştur. Türkiye açısındansa, DYS yatırımları 1980 öncesi çok önem kazanamamış, 1990’lar sonrası artmaya başlamış ve ancak 2000’ler sonrası özelleştirme uygulamaları ile tepe yapmıştır. Türkiye’de DYS politikaları ve özelleştirme, 2002 yılı sonbaharında Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi (AKP) Hükümeti’nin iktidara gelmesi ile büyük önem kazanmıştır. Türkiye’de birçok çevre AKP’nin DYS ve özelleştirme politikalarının başarılı olduğunu iddia etmektedir. Ancak, çeşitli makroekonomik değerler göz önüne alındığında AKP’nin özelleştirme politikalarının Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin ekonomik gücü ve bağımsızlığı açısından bir başarısızlık olduğu söylenebilir. Dolayısı ile, bu çalışmanın amacı DYS kuramı üzerinde durarak, Türkiye’nin DYS ve özelleştirme politikalarını eleştirel açıdan tenkit etmek ve bu konudaki AKP politikalarının başarısızlığını ortaya koymaktır

Anahtar Kelimeler

DYY özelleştirme Türkiye ekonomi büyüme ÇUİŞ

Kaynakça

  • Agosin, M. & Machado, R. (2007). Openness and the International Allocation of Foreign Direct Investment. Journal of Development Studies, 43 (7), pp.1234 – 1247.
  • Araslan, G. E. (2008). The Turkish Economy in Various Aspects in the 85th Anniversary of the Republic, Gazi University, Hasan Ali Yücel Research and Application Center Publications, Ankara, Turkey.
  • AY, A. (2007). Turkish Economy, Macroeconomic Issues and Remedy Suggestions, Çizgi Publications, Konya, Turkey.
  • Batmaz, N. & Tekeli, S. (2009). The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on the Economic Growth – Evidence from Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungry and Turkey, Ekin Basım Publications, Denizli,
  • Berköz, L. & Türk, S. S. (2009). Locational Preferences of FDI Firms in Turkey: A Detailed Examination of Regional Determinants. European Planning Studies, 17 (8), pp. 1243 – 1256.
  • Brada, J. & Kutan, A. & Yiğit, T. (2006). The effects of transition and political instability on foreign direct investment inflows: Central Europe and the Balkans. Economics of Transition, 14(4), pp.649 – 680.
  • Busse, M. & Groizard, J. L. (2008). Foreign Direct Investment, Regulations and Growth. World Economy, 31 (7), pp.861 – 886.
  • Çetinkaya, Ö. (2001). Public Administration and Privatization in Turkey, Ekin Publications, Bursa, Turkey.
  • Desbordes, R. & Vauday, J. (2007). The Political Influence of Foreign Firms in Developing Countries. Economics and Politics, 19(3), pp.421 – 451.
  • Erten, R. (2005). The Role and Significance of FDI Act with in the Turkish Foreigners Law, Banking and Trade Research Institute, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Fienberg, S. & Gupta, A. (2009). MNC subsidiaries and country risk: Internationalization as a safeguard against weak external institutions. Academy of Management Journal, 52 (2), pp.381- 399.
  • Gökmen, A. & Hamşıoğlu, A., B. (2009). Previous Developments and the Current Situation in the Turkish Banking Sector, Foreign Entry and its Reflections on the National Banking Industry. International Journal of Economics and Finance Studies, 1(1), pp.47-58.
  • Grosse, R. & Kujawa, D. (1988). International Business, Irwin, Boston.
  • Guerin, S. & Manzocchi, S. (2009). Political Regime and FDI from advanced to emerging countries. Review of World Economics, 145 (1), pp.75-91.
  • Günaydın, I. & Tatoğlu, E. (2005). Does Foreign Direct Investment Promote Economic Growth? Evidence from Turkey. Multinational Business Review, 13 (2), pp.89-106. The
  • Hadjit, A. & Moxon-Browne, E. (2005). Foreign Direct Investment in Turkey: The Implications of EU Accession. Turkish Studies, 6 (3), pp.321 – 340.
  • Harrison, D. & Dalkıran, E., Elsey, E . (2000). International Business, Global Competition from a European Perspective, Oxford University Press, New York.
  • Johnson, D. & Turner, C. (2006). International Business, Themes and Issues in the Modern Global Economy, Routlege, Taylor & Francis Group, New York.
  • Karagöz, K. (2007). The Factors Determining the Development of Foreign Direct Investment in Turkey: 1970 – 2005. Journal of Yaşar University, 2 (8), pp.927 – 948.
  • Karluk, R. (2007). Structural Transformation in the Turkish Economy since the Republic Era, Beta Publications, Istanbul, Turkey.
  • Kosack, S. & Tobin, J. (2006). Funding Self – Sustaining Development: The Role of Aid, FDI and Government in Economic Success. International Organization, 60 (1), pp.245-243.
  • Lenger, A. & Taymaz, E. (2006). To innovate or to transfer: A study on spillovers and foreign firms in Turkey. Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 16 (1), pp.137-153.
  • M., Camilla. (2008). Foreign Capital and Efficiency in Developing Countries. Bulletin of Economic Research, 60 (4), pp.351-374.
  • Onwuka, K. & Zoral, K. Y. (2009). Foreign Direct Investment and Imports Growth in Turkey. Journal of Yaşar University, 4 (5), pp.2357- 2380.
  • Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development; OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment, OECD Publications, Paris, France, 1999.
  • Pinto, P. & Pinto, S. (2008). The Politics of Investment Partisanship: and the Sectoral Allocation of Foreign Direct Investment.. Economics and Politics, 20 (2), pp.216-254.
  • Rugman, A. & Hodgetts, R. (2000). International Business, Mc-Graw Hill, New York. Şahinöz, A. (2001).
  • Turkish Economy, Sectoral Analysis, İmaj
  • Publications, Ankara, Turkey, 2001.
  • Sekkat, K. & Veganzones-Varoudakis, M.-A. (2007). Openness, Investment Climate and FDI in Developing Countries. Review of Development Economics, 11 (4), pp.607-620.
  • Taoka, G. & Beeman, D. (1991). International Business; Environments, Institutions and Operations, Harper Collins Publishers, New York.
  • Taymaz, E. & Ozler, S. (2007). Foreign Ownership, Competition and Survival Dynamics. Review of Industrial Organization, 31 (1), pp.23-42.
  • Tecer, M. (2005). Turkish Economy, TODAIE Publications, Ankara,
  • Türkcan, B. & Calıskan, E. T. (2010). The Impact of FDI on Domestic Industries and Small & Medium Sized Enterprises in Turkey: An Empirical Analysis. Ege Academic Review, 10 (3), pp.813-828.
  • Wild, J., &Wild, K. & Han, J. (2003). International Business, Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
  • Yavan, N. (20069. “An Empirical Study on the Location Choices of the Foreign Direct Investments in Turkey” Doctoral Thesis, Ankara University, Institute of Social Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Yavan, N. & Kara, H. (2003). The Foreign Direct Investment in Turkey and Their Geographical Dissemination. Journal of Geographical Studies, 11 (1), pp.19-42.
  • www.en.wikipedia.org _ spillover effect _ last accessed November 2011.
  • www.dpt.gov.tr _ web page of State Planning Organization of the Prime Ministry of Turkey _ last accessed November 2011.
  • www.tuik.gov.tr _ web page of the Turkish Statistical Institute of the Prime Ministry of Turkey _ last accessed November 2011.
  • www.ito.org.tr _ web page of Istanbul Chamber of Commerce _ last accessed November 2011.
  • www.tcmb.gov.tr _ web page of Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey _ last accessed November 2011.
  • www.hazine.gov.tr _ web page of Undersecretariat of Treasury, Prime Ministry of Turkey _ last accessed November 2011. www.ekonomi.gov.tr _ web page of Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Economy _ last accessed November 2011. www.oib.gov.tr _ web page of the Turkish Prime Ministry Privatization
  • Administration _ last accessed November 2011.

FDI INFLOW AND OPERATIONS OF MULTI NATIONAL ENTERPRISES & PRIVATIZATION POLICIES OF TURKEY: THE EFFECT OF THE PROCESS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE TURKISH ECONOMY

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, 31 - 60, 01.12.2012

Aytaç Gökmen Dilek Temiz

Öz

The flow of capital and commodity have gained acceleration after the World War II and eased the accumulation of foreign direct investment (FDI) and international business operations of multinational enterprises (MNEs) in various parts of the world subsequently. Yet, the flow of FDI reached its significant momentum after 1980s in the world as a major catalyst. The flow of FDI, especially from developed to developing countries, facilitated the exchange of knowledge, know–how, technology, capital and human source at a great extent, as well as contributed the economic growth and development of states. Moreover, the FDI heritage of Turkey did not gain much importance before 1980s, acquired momentum after 1990s and peaked after 2000s coupling with the privatization policies. The privatization and FDI policies of Turkey have changed considerably after the AKP Government (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, Justice and Development Party) came to power in the Fall of 2002. Many authorities in Turkey assert that the FDI and privatization policy of AKP government is a success. Yet, when the macro indicators concerning Turkey are considered, one can comprehend that the FDI and privatization policy of AKP government is failure with respect to enhancing the economic conditions and economic sovereignty of the Republic of Turkey. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to unfold the realities of the FDI and privatization policy of Turkey and that of AKP government, develop a critical approach and illustrate the failure of the policies of governing authorities

Anahtar Kelimeler

FDI privatization Turkey economy growth MNEs

Kaynakça

  • Agosin, M. & Machado, R. (2007). Openness and the International Allocation of Foreign Direct Investment. Journal of Development Studies, 43 (7), pp.1234 – 1247.
  • Araslan, G. E. (2008). The Turkish Economy in Various Aspects in the 85th Anniversary of the Republic, Gazi University, Hasan Ali Yücel Research and Application Center Publications, Ankara, Turkey.
  • AY, A. (2007). Turkish Economy, Macroeconomic Issues and Remedy Suggestions, Çizgi Publications, Konya, Turkey.
  • Batmaz, N. & Tekeli, S. (2009). The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on the Economic Growth – Evidence from Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungry and Turkey, Ekin Basım Publications, Denizli,
  • Berköz, L. & Türk, S. S. (2009). Locational Preferences of FDI Firms in Turkey: A Detailed Examination of Regional Determinants. European Planning Studies, 17 (8), pp. 1243 – 1256.
  • Brada, J. & Kutan, A. & Yiğit, T. (2006). The effects of transition and political instability on foreign direct investment inflows: Central Europe and the Balkans. Economics of Transition, 14(4), pp.649 – 680.
  • Busse, M. & Groizard, J. L. (2008). Foreign Direct Investment, Regulations and Growth. World Economy, 31 (7), pp.861 – 886.
  • Çetinkaya, Ö. (2001). Public Administration and Privatization in Turkey, Ekin Publications, Bursa, Turkey.
  • Desbordes, R. & Vauday, J. (2007). The Political Influence of Foreign Firms in Developing Countries. Economics and Politics, 19(3), pp.421 – 451.
  • Erten, R. (2005). The Role and Significance of FDI Act with in the Turkish Foreigners Law, Banking and Trade Research Institute, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Fienberg, S. & Gupta, A. (2009). MNC subsidiaries and country risk: Internationalization as a safeguard against weak external institutions. Academy of Management Journal, 52 (2), pp.381- 399.
  • Gökmen, A. & Hamşıoğlu, A., B. (2009). Previous Developments and the Current Situation in the Turkish Banking Sector, Foreign Entry and its Reflections on the National Banking Industry. International Journal of Economics and Finance Studies, 1(1), pp.47-58.
  • Grosse, R. & Kujawa, D. (1988). International Business, Irwin, Boston.
  • Guerin, S. & Manzocchi, S. (2009). Political Regime and FDI from advanced to emerging countries. Review of World Economics, 145 (1), pp.75-91.
  • Günaydın, I. & Tatoğlu, E. (2005). Does Foreign Direct Investment Promote Economic Growth? Evidence from Turkey. Multinational Business Review, 13 (2), pp.89-106. The
  • Hadjit, A. & Moxon-Browne, E. (2005). Foreign Direct Investment in Turkey: The Implications of EU Accession. Turkish Studies, 6 (3), pp.321 – 340.
  • Harrison, D. & Dalkıran, E., Elsey, E . (2000). International Business, Global Competition from a European Perspective, Oxford University Press, New York.
  • Johnson, D. & Turner, C. (2006). International Business, Themes and Issues in the Modern Global Economy, Routlege, Taylor & Francis Group, New York.
  • Karagöz, K. (2007). The Factors Determining the Development of Foreign Direct Investment in Turkey: 1970 – 2005. Journal of Yaşar University, 2 (8), pp.927 – 948.
  • Karluk, R. (2007). Structural Transformation in the Turkish Economy since the Republic Era, Beta Publications, Istanbul, Turkey.
  • Kosack, S. & Tobin, J. (2006). Funding Self – Sustaining Development: The Role of Aid, FDI and Government in Economic Success. International Organization, 60 (1), pp.245-243.
  • Lenger, A. & Taymaz, E. (2006). To innovate or to transfer: A study on spillovers and foreign firms in Turkey. Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 16 (1), pp.137-153.
  • M., Camilla. (2008). Foreign Capital and Efficiency in Developing Countries. Bulletin of Economic Research, 60 (4), pp.351-374.
  • Onwuka, K. & Zoral, K. Y. (2009). Foreign Direct Investment and Imports Growth in Turkey. Journal of Yaşar University, 4 (5), pp.2357- 2380.
  • Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development; OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment, OECD Publications, Paris, France, 1999.
  • Pinto, P. & Pinto, S. (2008). The Politics of Investment Partisanship: and the Sectoral Allocation of Foreign Direct Investment.. Economics and Politics, 20 (2), pp.216-254.
  • Rugman, A. & Hodgetts, R. (2000). International Business, Mc-Graw Hill, New York. Şahinöz, A. (2001).
  • Turkish Economy, Sectoral Analysis, İmaj
  • Publications, Ankara, Turkey, 2001.
  • Sekkat, K. & Veganzones-Varoudakis, M.-A. (2007). Openness, Investment Climate and FDI in Developing Countries. Review of Development Economics, 11 (4), pp.607-620.
  • Taoka, G. & Beeman, D. (1991). International Business; Environments, Institutions and Operations, Harper Collins Publishers, New York.
  • Taymaz, E. & Ozler, S. (2007). Foreign Ownership, Competition and Survival Dynamics. Review of Industrial Organization, 31 (1), pp.23-42.
  • Tecer, M. (2005). Turkish Economy, TODAIE Publications, Ankara,
  • Türkcan, B. & Calıskan, E. T. (2010). The Impact of FDI on Domestic Industries and Small & Medium Sized Enterprises in Turkey: An Empirical Analysis. Ege Academic Review, 10 (3), pp.813-828.
  • Wild, J., &Wild, K. & Han, J. (2003). International Business, Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
  • Yavan, N. (20069. “An Empirical Study on the Location Choices of the Foreign Direct Investments in Turkey” Doctoral Thesis, Ankara University, Institute of Social Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Yavan, N. & Kara, H. (2003). The Foreign Direct Investment in Turkey and Their Geographical Dissemination. Journal of Geographical Studies, 11 (1), pp.19-42.
  • www.en.wikipedia.org _ spillover effect _ last accessed November 2011.
  • www.dpt.gov.tr _ web page of State Planning Organization of the Prime Ministry of Turkey _ last accessed November 2011.
  • www.tuik.gov.tr _ web page of the Turkish Statistical Institute of the Prime Ministry of Turkey _ last accessed November 2011.
  • www.ito.org.tr _ web page of Istanbul Chamber of Commerce _ last accessed November 2011.
  • www.tcmb.gov.tr _ web page of Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey _ last accessed November 2011.
  • www.hazine.gov.tr _ web page of Undersecretariat of Treasury, Prime Ministry of Turkey _ last accessed November 2011. www.ekonomi.gov.tr _ web page of Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Economy _ last accessed November 2011. www.oib.gov.tr _ web page of the Turkish Prime Ministry Privatization
  • Administration _ last accessed November 2011.
Toplam 44 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA54PE53SZ
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Aytaç Gökmen Bu kişi benim

Dilek Temiz Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Aralık 2012
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2012 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Gökmen, A., & Temiz, D. (2012). FDI INFLOW AND OPERATIONS OF MULTI NATIONAL ENTERPRISES & PRIVATIZATION POLICIES OF TURKEY: THE EFFECT OF THE PROCESS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE TURKISH ECONOMY. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(2), 31-60.
AMA Gökmen A, Temiz D. FDI INFLOW AND OPERATIONS OF MULTI NATIONAL ENTERPRISES & PRIVATIZATION POLICIES OF TURKEY: THE EFFECT OF THE PROCESS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE TURKISH ECONOMY. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi. Aralık 2012;13(2):31-60.
Chicago Gökmen, Aytaç, ve Dilek Temiz. “FDI INFLOW AND OPERATIONS OF MULTI NATIONAL ENTERPRISES & PRIVATIZATION POLICIES OF TURKEY: THE EFFECT OF THE PROCESS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE TURKISH ECONOMY”. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi 13, sy. 2 (Aralık 2012): 31-60.
EndNote Gökmen A, Temiz D (01 Aralık 2012) FDI INFLOW AND OPERATIONS OF MULTI NATIONAL ENTERPRISES & PRIVATIZATION POLICIES OF TURKEY: THE EFFECT OF THE PROCESS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE TURKISH ECONOMY. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi 13 2 31–60.
IEEE A. Gökmen ve D. Temiz, “FDI INFLOW AND OPERATIONS OF MULTI NATIONAL ENTERPRISES & PRIVATIZATION POLICIES OF TURKEY: THE EFFECT OF THE PROCESS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE TURKISH ECONOMY”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 13, sy. 2, ss. 31–60, 2012.
ISNAD Gökmen, Aytaç - Temiz, Dilek. “FDI INFLOW AND OPERATIONS OF MULTI NATIONAL ENTERPRISES & PRIVATIZATION POLICIES OF TURKEY: THE EFFECT OF THE PROCESS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE TURKISH ECONOMY”. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi 13/2 (Aralık 2012), 31-60.
JAMA Gökmen A, Temiz D. FDI INFLOW AND OPERATIONS OF MULTI NATIONAL ENTERPRISES & PRIVATIZATION POLICIES OF TURKEY: THE EFFECT OF THE PROCESS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE TURKISH ECONOMY. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi. 2012;13:31–60.
MLA Gökmen, Aytaç ve Dilek Temiz. “FDI INFLOW AND OPERATIONS OF MULTI NATIONAL ENTERPRISES & PRIVATIZATION POLICIES OF TURKEY: THE EFFECT OF THE PROCESS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE TURKISH ECONOMY”. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 13, sy. 2, 2012, ss. 31-60.
Vancouver Gökmen A, Temiz D. FDI INFLOW AND OPERATIONS OF MULTI NATIONAL ENTERPRISES & PRIVATIZATION POLICIES OF TURKEY: THE EFFECT OF THE PROCESS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE TURKISH ECONOMY. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi. 2012;13(2):31-60.
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