Örgütsel Öğrenme Yeteneklerinin Firma Performansı Üzerine Etkileri

Yıl 2018, Sayı: 14, 478 - 497, 01.04.2018

Haktan Sevinç Mehmet Naci Efe

Öz

Firmalar için öğrenme, varlıklarını sürdürebilmelerinin en belirgin koşuludur. Ancak örgütlerin öğrenme süreçlerini yönetmesi, hayatta kalabilmeleri için yeterli değildir. Bu nedenle öğrenmenin örgütsel bir özellik taşıması ve çalışanlar tarafından benimsenmesi zorunludur. Örgütler içerisindeki öğrenmeyi sağlayan ve engelleyen faktörlerin belirlenmesinin yanı sıra, öğrenme süreçlerini ve yapısını anlamak pek çok araştırmanın ilgisini çekmiştir. Bu çalışma, örgütsel öğrenme yeteneklerinin firma performansı üzerindeki etkilerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada sadece belirli bir teorik bakış açısı ile örgütsel öğrenmeyi açıklamaktan çok örgütsel öğrenmenin belirleyici unsurlarını, örgütsel öğrenme sürecini ve çıktılarını içeren geniş kapsamlı tanımlara yer verilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen sonuç, örgütsel öğrenme yeteneklerinin firma performansı üzerine pozitif etkisi olduğunu ortaya çıkarmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Öğrenme, Örgütsel Öğrenme, Örgütsel Öğrenme Yetenekleri, Firma Performansı

Impacts of Organizational Learning Skills on Company Performance

Öz

For companies, learning is the most significant condition of their ability to sustain their assets. However, the fact that organizations can manage learning processes is not enough for them to survive. Therefore, learning has to be an organizational feature and it has to be adopted by employees. In addition to determining factors that prevent and enable learning within organizations, understanding the learning processes and structure has attracted the attention of many researches. This study aims to examine the impacts of organizational learning skills on company performance. In the study, there are a wide range of definitions that include the determinant elements of organizational learning, the organizational learning process, and the outputs rather than merely explaining organizational learning from a specific theoretical perspective. The result of the research reveals that organizational learning skills have a positive impact on firm performance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Learning, Organizational Learning, Organizational Learning Capability, Company Performance

Kaynakça

• Akgun, A. E., Keskin, H., Byrne, J. C., ve Aren, S. (2007). Emoti- onal and learning capability and their impact on pro- duct innovativeness and firm performance. Technova- tion, 27(9), 501-513.
• Aktan, C. A. (1998). Organizasyonel Performansta Atılım (Bre- akbrought) İçin Yeni Bir Yönetim Tekniği: Bench- marking. MESS, 28.
• Alegre, J., ve Chiva, R. (2008). Assessing the impact of organiza- tional learning capability on product innovation per- formance: An empirical test. Technovation, 28(6), 315.
• Alegre, J., ve Chiva, R. (2013). Linking Entrepreneurial Orienta- tion and Firm Performance: The Role of Organizational Learning Capability and Innovation Performance. Jour- nal of Small Business Management, 51(4), 491-507.
• Argyris, C. (1976). Single-loop and double-loop models in rese- arch on decision- making. Administrative Science Quar- terly, 21(3), 363-363.
• Argyris, C. (1977). Double-loop learning in organizations. Har- vard Business Review,55(5),115-125.
• Arıcıoğlu, A. (2004). Öğrenmenin Örgüt Değerlerini Oluştur- masında Bir Model Olarak Japonya. IV Ulusal Üretim Araştırmaları Sempozyumu Kitabı, 405-410.
• Bontis, N. (1998). Intellectual capital: an exploratory study that develops measures and models. Management Decision, 36(2), 63 – 76.
• Bontis, N. (1999). Managing organisational knowledge by diag- nosing intellectual capital: framing and advancing the state of the field. International of Journal of Technology Management, 18(5), 433-462.
• Bontis, N. (2001). Assessing knowledge assets: a review of the models used to measure intellectual capital. International Journal of Management Reviews, 3(1), 41- 60.
• Bontis, N. (2004). National Intellectual Capital Index: A United Nations initiative for the Arab region. Journal of Intellec- tual Capital, 5(1), 13-39.
• Bontis, N., Crossan, M.M., ve Hulland, J. (2002). Managing an organizational learning system by aligning stocks and flows. Journal of Management Studies, 39( 4), 437-469.
• Bontis, N., Dragonetti, N.C., Jacobsen, K., ve Roos, G. (1999). The knowledge toolbox:: A review of the tools available to measure and manage intangible resources. European Management Journal, 17(4), 391-402.
• Bontis, N., William Chua, C. K., & Richardson, S. (2000). Intel- lectual capital and business performance in malaysian industries. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 1(1), 85-100.
• Chen, G., ve Klimoski, R. J. (2007). Training and development of human resources at work: Is the state of our science strong? Human Resource Management Review, 17(2), 180.
• Chen, J., Zhu, Z., ve Xie, H. Y. (2004). Measuring intellectual capital: a new model and empirical study. Journal of In- tellectual Capital, 5, 195-212.
• Crossan, M. M., Kane, H. W., ve White, R. E. (1999). An organi- zational learning framework: From intuition to institu- tion. Academy of Management Review, 24(3), 522−537.
• Daft, R.L., Weick, K. E. (1984). Toward a model of organizati- ons as interpretation systems. The Academy of Manage- ment Review, 9(2), 284-295.
• De Weerd-Nederhof, P.,C., Pacitti, B. J., Jorge F da, S. G., ve Pearson, A. W. (2002). Tools for the improvement of or- ganizational learning processes in innovation. Journal of Workplace Learning, 14(7), 320-331.
• Dodgson, M. (1993). Organizational learning: a review of some literatures. Organization Studies, 14(3), 375-394.
• Easterby-Smith, M., ve Araujo, L. (1999). Organizational lear- ning: Current debates and opportunities. In M. Eas- terby-Smith, J. Burgoyne, ve L. Araujo (Eds.), Organiza- tional learning and the learning organization (pp. 1–21). London, UK: Sage Publications.
• Ellinger, A.D., Ellinger, A.E., Yang, B., ve Howton, S.W. (2002). The relationship between the learning organization concept and firm's financial performance: an empirical assessment. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 13(1), 5– 21.
• Fiol, C.M., ve Lyles, M.A. (1985). Organizational learning. Aca- demy of Management Review, 10(4), 803–813.
• Garvin, D. A. (1993). Building a learning organization. Harvard Business Review, 71(4), 78–91.
• Garvin, D. A. (1994). Building a learning organization. Business Credit, 96(1), 19-29.
• Gnyawali, D. R., & Stewart, A. C. (2003). A contingency pers- pective on organizational learning: Integrating envi- ronmental context, organizational learning processes, and types of learning. Management Learning, 34(1), 63- 89.
• Huber, G.P. (1991). Organizational Learning: The Contributing Processes and the Literatures. Organization Science, Spe- cial Issue: Organizational Learning: Papers in Honor of (and by) James G. March., 2(1), 88-115.
• Jerez-Gomez, P., Cespedes-Lorente, J. ve Valle-Cabrera, R. (2005), Organizational learning capability: a proposal of measurement.
• Jiménez, D. J., Cegarra-Navarro, J. G., Gattermann Perin, M., Sampaio, C. H., ve Lengler, J. B. (2014). Entrepreneurial capacities as antecedents of business performance in Brazilian firms. Canadian Journal of Administrative Scien- ces/Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l'Administration, 31(2), 90-103.
• Jiménez-Jiménez, D., ve Cegarra-Navarro, J. (2007). The per- formance effect of organizational learning and market orientation. Industrial Marketing Management, 36(6), 694.
• Jimenez-Jimenez, D., ve Sanz-Valle, R. (2011). Innovation, orga- nizational learning, and performance. Journal of Business Research, 64(4), 408-417.
• Jones, O., ve Macpherson, A. (2006). Inter-organizational lear- ning and strategic renewal in SMEs: Extending the 41 framework. Long Range Planning, 39(2), 155-155.
• Kandemir, D., & Hult, G. T. (2005). A conceptualization of an organizational learning culture in international joint ventures. Industrial Marketing Management, 34(5), 440- 439.
• Levitt, B., ve March, G. (1988). Organizational learning. Annual Review of Sociology, 14, 319-40.
• Limpibunterng, T., ve Johri, L. M. (2009). Complementary role of organizational learning capability in new service de- velopment (NSD) process. The Learning Organization, 16(4), 326-348.
• Lucas, C., ve Kline, T. (2008). Understanding the influence of organizational culture and group dynamics on organi- zational change and learning. The Learning Organiza- tion, 15(3), 277-287.
• March, J. G. (1991). Exploration and Exploitation in Organizati- onal Learning. Organization Science, 2(1), 71-87.
• Marlieke, V. G., & Visser, M. (2011). Empowerment, knowledge conversion and dimensions of organizational learning. The Learning Organization, 18(5), 392-405.
• Nonaka, I. (1991). The knowledge-creating company. Harvard Business Review, 69, 96-104.
• Nonaka, I. (1994). A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation. Organization Science, 5(1), 14-37.
• Nonaka, I., Toyama, R., & Nagata, A. (2000). A firm as a knowledge-creating entity: a new perspective on the theory of the firm. Industrial and corporate change, 9(1), 1- 20.
• Öğütveren, Ö., (1998). Öğrenen Örgütlerde Sürekli İyileştirme Modeli: Bir Yüksek Öğretim Uygulaması, Gazi Üniver- sitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 13-14.
• Porter, M. E. (1985). Technology and competitive advantage. The Journal of Business Strategy, 5(3), 60-60.
• Qiu, Y. F., Yoon, P. C., ve Helander, M. G. (2008). Cognitive understanding of knowledge processing and mode- ling in design. Journal of Knowledge Management, 12(2), 156-168.
• Seely-Brown, I., ve Duguid, P. (1991). Organizational learning and communities of practice: Toward a unified view of working, learning and innovation. Organization Scien- ce, 2, 40-57.
• Senge, P. (1990). The fifth discipline: The art and practice of the learning day/Currency. New York: Double
• Shrivastava, P. (1983). A typology of organizational learning systems. Journal of Management Studies, 20(1), 8–28.
• Sinkula, J. M. (1994). Market information processing and orga- nizational learning. Journal of Marketing, 58(1), 35-35.
• Smith, J. B., Mitchell, J. R., ve Mitchell, R. K. (2009). Entrepre- neurial scripts and the new transaction commitment mindset: Extending the expert information processing theory approach to entrepreneurial cognition research. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 33, 815-844.
• Smith, P.A.C. (2012). The importance of organizational learning for organizational sustainability. The Learning Organiza- tion, 19(1), 4-10.
• Teece, D. J., Pisano, G., ve Shuen, A. (1997). Dynamic capabili- ties and strategic management. Strategic Management Jo- urnal (1986-1998), 18(7), 509-509.
• Ting, K. S. (2012). How Accumulation of Intellectual Capital of IC Design Firms Listed in Taiwan Impacts Organization Performances: Organizational Learning Capability as the Mediator. Journal of Global Business Management, 8(1), 60-73.
• Töremen, F. (2001). Öğrenen Okul. Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık.
• Worthington, W. J., Collins, J. D., ve Hitt, M. A. (2009). Beyond risk mitigation: Enhancing corporate innovation with scenario planning. Business Horizons, 52(5), 441.