21. Yüzyıl’ın ilk çeyreğinde Çin jeopolitiğinin Orta Doğu hamleleri

Öz

Soğuk Savaş döneminin “iki kutuplu” dünyası, Berlin Duvarı’nın yıkılmasıyla “tek kutuplu” hale gelmiştir. 1990’larda Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD) dünya siyasetinde en belirleyici güçtür. Ancak 2000’lerden itibaren özellikle Çin ve Rusya, küresel siyasette etkili olmaya başlamıştır. Günümüzde dünyanın siyasal / ekonomik “ağırlık merkezi” Asya’ya kaymaktadır. Pekin, 2013 yılında başlattığı “Kuşak ve Yol Girişimi”yle (KYG), küresel açılımını hızlandırmıştır. Değişimin en net görüldüğü bölgelerden biri de Orta Doğu’dur. Körfez ülkeleri ve özellikle Suudi Arabistan, Çin ile ilişkilerini gün geçtikçe ilerletmektedir. Orta Doğu’da ve özellikle Körfez ülkelerinin dış politika adımlarında Çin ile ilişkiler daha görünür hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada nitel-nicel veri analizleri yapılmış ve meta-sentez yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı; Çin’in 21. Yy’daki hızlı yükselişinin, Orta Doğu’ya jeopolitik etkisini ele almaktır. Orta Doğu’da bugün yaşanan gerilim, Çin’in bölgedeki yükselişiyle yakından ilintilidir. Bu çalışmada Orta Doğu’da bugün yaşanan gerilimli süreç ile Çin’in bölgede artan varlığı arasındaki korelasyon dikkatlere sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çin
• ABD
• Orta Doğu
• Jeopolitik

Chinese geopolitical moves in the Middle East in the first quarter of the 21st century

Öz

The “multipolar” world of the Cold War era transitioned into a “unipolar” one following the fall of the Berlin Wall. In the 1990s, the United States was the most decisive force in world politics. However, since the 2000s, China and Russia have become increasingly influential in global affairs. Today, the world’s political/economic “center of gravity” is shifting to Asia. Beijing accelerated its global outreach with the launch of the “Belt and Road Initiative” in 2013. One of the regions where this political shift is most evident is the Middle East. Gulf countries, particularly Saudi Arabia, are steadily advancing their relations with China. Relations with China have become more visible in the Middle East, and particularly in the foreign policy actions of the Gulf countries. This study utilizes qualitative and quantitative data analysis and a meta-synthesis method. The study aims to examine the geopolitical impact of China’s rapid rise in the 21st century on the Middle East. The tensions in the Middle East today are closely linked to China’s rise in the region. This study highlights the correlation between the current tensions in the Middle East and China’s growing presence in the regio

Anahtar Kelimeler

• China
• USA
• Middle East
• Geopolitics

Kaynakça

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