Araştırma Makalesi
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THE IMPORTANCE OF CULTURAL ECONOMY IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES: TRB2 REGION AND VAN CITY

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 44, 235 - 252, 23.07.2021
https://doi.org/10.32003/igge.886189

Öz

In this study, the development problem of TRB2 Region and Van City is tried to be examined from the cultural economy. Accordingly, the financial support and grant schemes provided by the regional actors The Eastern Anatolia Development Agency (EADA) at the national level and the European Union (EU) at the international level to the TRB2 region and Van City were examined. Investments/subsidies/grants have been assessed on cultural investment and human scale. These were evaluated by the actors' own corporate classification, the international standard sector classification of all economic activities, cultural economy classification and human development index. In the research, the effects of active actors on the development of TRB2 Region and Van City in the period between 2004-2015, which sectors they gave priority in the development of TRB2 Region and Van City, the roles they assigned to TRB2 Region and Van City, the similarities and differences between their own institutional classification and the cultural economy and human development index classifications are aimed to be determined. As a result, the European Union (EU) has given priority to investments in social and human development within the framework of regional development policies. The Eastern Anatolia Development Agency (EADA), on the other hand, has adopted a growth model approach that includes different sectors.

Kaynakça

  • Accession Partnership Certificate. (2003). Accession Partnership for Turkey, State Planning Organization General Directorate for Relations with the European Union. Ankara.
  • Aksoy, A. & Enlil, Z. (2011). Kültür Ekonomisi Envanteri. İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi University Publications.
  • Andersson, A. (1985). Creativity and regional development. Papers in Regional Science, 56(1), 5-20.
  • Arslan, K. (2005). Bölgesel kalkınma farklılıklarının giderilmesinde etkin bir araç: bölgesel planlama ve bölgesel kalkınma ajansları. Istanbul Commerce University Journal of Social Sciences, 7, 275-294.
  • Baltacı, A. (2019). Nitel araştırma süreci: nitel bir araştırma nasıl yapılır?. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi (AEÜSBED), 5(2), 368-388.
  • Bengtsson, M. (2016). How to plan and perform a qualitative study using content analysis. NursingPlus Open, 2, 8-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npls.2016.01.001.
  • Bianchini, F. (1993). Remaking European cities: the role of cultural policies. In F. Bianchini & M. Parkinson (Eds.), Cultural policy and urban regeneration: the West European experience (pp. 21–57). Manchester UK: Manchester University Press.
  • Çalt, G. (2005). Bölgeselleşme ve Avrupa Birliği’nin bir araci olarak bölge kalkinma ajanslari. 6. Turkey agricultural engineering technical congress (3-7 January 2005). Notification Texts, Ankara.
  • Cooke, P. & De Propris, L. (2011). A policy agenda for EU smart growth: the role of creative and cultural industries. Policy Studies, 32(4), 365-375. https://doi.org/10.1080/01442872.2011.571852.
  • Crabtree, B. F. & Miller, W. L. (1999). Doing Qualitative Research. Sage Publications.
  • Cunningham, S. D., Ryan, M. D., Keane, M. A. & Ordonez, D. (2008). Financing creative industries in developing countries. In D. Barrowclough & Z. Kozul Wright (Eds.), Creative industries and developing countries: voice, choice and economic growth (pp.65-110). London: Routledge.
  • DAP. (2000). The Eastern Anatolia Project (DAP) Master Plan. Prime Ministry State Planning Organization. Ankara.
  • DiNoto, M. & Merk, L. (1993). Small economy estimates of the impact of the arts. Journal of Cultural Economics, 17(2), 41-53. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02310581.
  • EADA. (2014). Eastern Anatolia Development Agency (EADA) 2014-2023 Period TRB2 Region Regional Plan. Retrieved December 18, 2015, from http://www.EADA.org.tr/panel/files/files/yayinlar/trb2_2014_2023_bp.pdf.
  • EADA. (2014a). Eastern Anatolia Development Agency Support Programs. Retrieved May 25, 2014, from http://www.EADA.org.tr/?cmd=page&id=EADAdestekleri#pager0. 25 May 2014.
  • EADA. (2015). Vision 2023: Van City and Districts Vision 2023 Common Mind Strategic Action Plan. Retrieved December 18, 2015, from http://www.EADA.org.tr/panel/files/files/yayinlar/vizyon_2023 _van_eylem.pdf.
  • EADAP. (2007). Eastern Anatolia Development Program Introduction Booklet.
  • EC, (2007). European Commission, the economy of culture in Europe. Retrieved September 19, 2015, from http://ec.europa.eu/assets/eac/culture/library/studies/cultural-economy_en.pdf.
  • EC. (2015). European Commission, first-ever European strategy for culture: contributing to economic growth and intercultural understanding. Retrieved September 19, 2015, from http://europa.eu/rapid/press- release_IP-07-646_en.htm.
  • Ekiz, C. & Somel, A. (2007). Türkiye'de planlama ve planlama anlayışının değişimi. Mülkiye Dergisi, 31(256), 97-136.
  • Eşiyok, B. A. (2004). Türkiye Ekonomisinde Kalkınma Stratejileri ve Sanayileşme (Dün-Bugün-Yarın), Development Bank of Turkey Joint Stock Company, Research Directorate, ISBN 975-7406-40-6, Ankara.
  • Evans, G. & Shaw, P. (2004). The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence, a report to the department for culture media and sport, London: LondonMet.. Retrieved May 8, 2013, from http://www.culture.gov.uk/images/consultations/ADCMS Final1.pdf.
  • Garcia, B. (2004). Cultural policy and urban regeneration in Western European cities: lessons from experience, prospects for the future. Local Economy, 19(4), 312-326. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269094042000286828.
  • Gordon, J. C. & Beilby Orrin, H. (2007). International Measurement of the Economic and Social Importance of Culture, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
  • Grodach, C. & Seman, M. (2013). The cultural economy in recession: Examining the US experience. Cities, 33, 15-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2012.06.001.
  • Grodach, C. & Silver, D. (2012). The Politics of Urban Cultural Policy: Global Perspectives. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Grodach, C. (2013). Cultural economy planning in creative cities: discourse and practice. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 37(5), 1747-1765. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468- 2427.2012.01165.x.
  • Index Development Agency of Turkey, (2017). Turkey index map of development agencies. Retrieved June 28, 2017, from http://wowturkey.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=114820.
  • INTELI, (2011). Creative-based strategies in small and medium-sized cities: guidelines for local authorities. Retrieved May 8, 2013, from http://urbact.eu/sites/default/files/import/Projects/Creative_Clusters/documents_media/URBACTCreativeClust ers_TAP_INTELI_Final_01.pdf.
  • Karataş, Z. (2015). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştirma yöntemleri. Sosyal Hizmet E-Dergi Manevi Temelli Sosyal Hizmet Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 62-80.
  • Keser, H. Y. (2016). Culture economy for economic development: assessments on cultural heritage in Turkey. European Scientific Journal, 12(28), 38-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n28p38.
  • Kong, L. (2000). Culture, economy, policy: trends and developments. Geoforum, 31(4), 385-390. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7185(00)00004-X.
  • Kumral, N. & Güçlü, M. (2013). Kültür Ekonomisi ve Bölgesel Politika. Ege University Working Papers: Working Paper No: 13 /05.
  • Lazzeretti, L. (2013). Cultural and creative industries: an introduction. In L. Lazzeretti (Ed.), Creative industries and innovation in Europe ( pp. 1-20). London: Routledge.
  • Lazzeretti, L., Capone, F. & Seçilmiş, İ. E. (2014). Türkiye’de yaratıcı ve kültürel sektörlerin yapısı. Maliye Dergisi, 166, 195-220.
  • Leadbeater, C. & Oakley, K. (2001). Surfing the Long Wave: Knowledge Entrepreneurship in Britain. London: Demos.
  • Lucas, R. E. (1988). On the mechanics of economic development. Journal of Monetary Economics, 22, 3-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(88)90168-7.
  • Merriam, S. B. & Grenier, R. S. (2019). Qualitative Research in Practice: Examples for Discussion and Analysis. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
  • Ministry of Development. (2014). Ministry of development, national strategy for regional development. 2014- 2023. Retrieved August 19, 2015, from http://www.kalkinma.gov.tr/Lists/EylemVeDigerPlanlar/Attachments/27/20142023%20B%C3%B6lgesel%20G eli%C5%9Fme%20Ulusal%20Stratejisi.pdf. 19 August 2015.
  • Mommaas, H. (2004). Cultural clusters and the post-industrial city: towards the remapping of urban cultural policy. Urban Studies, 41(3), 507-532. https://doi.org/10.1080/0042098042000178663.
  • Montgomery, J. (1996). Developing the media industries. Local Economy, 11(2), 158-168. https://doi.org/10.1080%2F02690949608726322.
  • Mushkin, S. J. (1962). Health as an Investment. Journal of Political Economy, 70(5), Part 2, 129-157. https://doi.org/10.1086/258730.
  • Neuman, W. L. (2012). Toplumsal Araştırma Yöntemleri: Nicel ve Nitel Yaklaşımlar I-II. Cilt (5. Basım). İstanbul: Yayın Odası.
  • Oakley, K. (2004). Not so cool britannia. International Journal of Cultural Studies, 7(1), 67 -77. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367877904040606.
  • Official Gazette, (2006). Law No. 5449 on Establishment and Duties of Development Agencies, 8 February 2006 Issue: 26074.
  • ÖUKP. (2003). Preliminary National Development Program, 2004-2006. Ankara.
  • Potts, J. & Cunningham, S. (2008). Four models of the creative industries. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 14(3), 233-247. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286630802281780.
  • Pratt, A. C. (1997). The cultural industries production system: a case study of employment change in Britain, 1984-91. Environment and Planning, 29, 1953-1974. https://doi.org/10.1068/a291953.
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Industry and Technology, (2019). Socio-economic development ranking survey of the provinces and regions SEGE-2017. Prepared by: Salih Acar, Mustafa Caner Meydan, Leyla Bilen Kazancık & Mustafa Işık, Ankara. Directorate General of Development Agencies, Publication Issue: 3, Research Report Issue: 3, December 2019. Retrieved April 1, 2021, from https://www.sanayi.gov.tr/bolgesel- kalkinma-faaliyetleri/analitik-cal%C4%B1smalar/01123b.
  • Sab, R. S. & Smith S (2001). Human Capital: International Evidence. IMF Working Paper, 32, 1-33.
  • Savrul, B. K. (2012). Türkiye-Avrupa Birliği mali işbirliği kapsamında bölgesel kalkınma programlarının etkinliği. İstanbul Üniversitesi İktisat Fakültesi Mecmuası , 62(2), 355-371.
  • Schultz T. W. (1968). Education and Economic Growth: Return to Education, Readings in the Economics of Education, UNESCO, France.
  • Scott, A. J. (2006). Creative cities: conceptual issues and policy questions. Journal of Urban Affairs, 28(1), 1- 17. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0735-2166.2006.00256.x.
  • Strauss, A. & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques. Sage Publications.
  • Taş, B. (2006). AB uyum sürecinde Türkiye için yeni bir bölge kavramı: istatistiki bölge birimleri sınıflandırması (İBBS). Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Institute of Social Sciences, 8(2), 185-197.
  • TÜİK. (2021). Turkish Statistical Institute, Regional statistics. Retrieved March 25, 2021, from https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/bolgeselistatistik/tabloOlustur.do#.
  • UNCTAD. (2008). Creative economy report 2008. Retrieved March 25, 2021, from http://unctad.org/en/docs/ditc 20082cer_en.pdf.
  • UNDP. (2015). United Nations Development Program (UNDP). Humana Development Report, Abstract.
  • United Nations. (2010). Creative economy: a feasible development Option. Retrieved May 8, 2013, from http://www.undp.org.tr/publicationsdocuments/cer2010.pdf.
  • Yardımcıoğlu, M., Kocamaz, H. & Sezal, N. (2012). Türkiye’de günümüze kadar izlenen bölgesel kalkinma politikalari ve kalkinma. 2. Regional issues and Turkey symposium (1-2 October 2012). Kahramanmaraş.
  • Yılmaz, A. (2012). Türkiye’de planlama politikası ve yönetimi planlamanın siyasal iktisadi ve yönetsel kuruluşu. (PhD Thesis, Ankara University, Institute of Social Sciences, Ankara). Retrieved from https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp.
  • Zukin, S. (1996). The Cultures of Cities. Cambridge. MA: Blackwell Publishers.

BÖLGESEL KALKINMA POLİTİKALARINDA KÜLTÜR EKONOMİSİNİN ÖNEMİ: TRB2 BÖLGESİ VE VAN KENTİ

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 44, 235 - 252, 23.07.2021
https://doi.org/10.32003/igge.886189

Öz

Çalışmada TRB2 Bölgesi ve Van İlinin kalkınma sorununa kültür ekonomisi ekseninden bakılmaya çalışılmıştır. Buna göre; bölgesel aktörlerden ulusal düzeyde Doğu Anadolu Kalkınma Ajansı (DAKA), uluslararası düzeyde Avrupa Birliği (AB)'nin TRB2 bölgesine ve Van iline sağlanan mali destek ve hibe programları; aktörlerin kendi kurumsal sınıflaması, tüm ekonomik faaliyetlerin uluslararası standart sektör sınıflaması, kültür ekonomisi sınıflaması ve beşeri kalkınma endeksine göre sınıflandırılarak yatırımlar/destekler/hibeler kültürel yatırım ve beşeri boyutta değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada 2004-2015 yılları arasındaki dönemde etkin aktörlerin; TRB2 Bölgesi ve Van kentinin kalkınmasına etkileri, TRB2 Bölgesi ve Van kentinin kalkınmasında hangi sektörlere öncelik verdikleri, TRB2 Bölgesi ve Van kentine biçtiği roller, kendi kurumsal sınıflaması ile kültür ekonomisi ve beşeri kalkınma endeksi sınıflamaları arasındaki benzerlik ve farklılıkların neler olduğu belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak Avrupa Birliği (AB) bölgesel kalkınma politikaları çerçevesinde sosyal ve beşeri kalkınmaya yönelik yatırımlara öncelik vermiştir. Doğu Anadolu Kalkınma Ajansı (DAKA) ise, farklı sektörleri içeren bir büyüme modeli yaklaşımını benimsemiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Accession Partnership Certificate. (2003). Accession Partnership for Turkey, State Planning Organization General Directorate for Relations with the European Union. Ankara.
  • Aksoy, A. & Enlil, Z. (2011). Kültür Ekonomisi Envanteri. İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi University Publications.
  • Andersson, A. (1985). Creativity and regional development. Papers in Regional Science, 56(1), 5-20.
  • Arslan, K. (2005). Bölgesel kalkınma farklılıklarının giderilmesinde etkin bir araç: bölgesel planlama ve bölgesel kalkınma ajansları. Istanbul Commerce University Journal of Social Sciences, 7, 275-294.
  • Baltacı, A. (2019). Nitel araştırma süreci: nitel bir araştırma nasıl yapılır?. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi (AEÜSBED), 5(2), 368-388.
  • Bengtsson, M. (2016). How to plan and perform a qualitative study using content analysis. NursingPlus Open, 2, 8-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npls.2016.01.001.
  • Bianchini, F. (1993). Remaking European cities: the role of cultural policies. In F. Bianchini & M. Parkinson (Eds.), Cultural policy and urban regeneration: the West European experience (pp. 21–57). Manchester UK: Manchester University Press.
  • Çalt, G. (2005). Bölgeselleşme ve Avrupa Birliği’nin bir araci olarak bölge kalkinma ajanslari. 6. Turkey agricultural engineering technical congress (3-7 January 2005). Notification Texts, Ankara.
  • Cooke, P. & De Propris, L. (2011). A policy agenda for EU smart growth: the role of creative and cultural industries. Policy Studies, 32(4), 365-375. https://doi.org/10.1080/01442872.2011.571852.
  • Crabtree, B. F. & Miller, W. L. (1999). Doing Qualitative Research. Sage Publications.
  • Cunningham, S. D., Ryan, M. D., Keane, M. A. & Ordonez, D. (2008). Financing creative industries in developing countries. In D. Barrowclough & Z. Kozul Wright (Eds.), Creative industries and developing countries: voice, choice and economic growth (pp.65-110). London: Routledge.
  • DAP. (2000). The Eastern Anatolia Project (DAP) Master Plan. Prime Ministry State Planning Organization. Ankara.
  • DiNoto, M. & Merk, L. (1993). Small economy estimates of the impact of the arts. Journal of Cultural Economics, 17(2), 41-53. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02310581.
  • EADA. (2014). Eastern Anatolia Development Agency (EADA) 2014-2023 Period TRB2 Region Regional Plan. Retrieved December 18, 2015, from http://www.EADA.org.tr/panel/files/files/yayinlar/trb2_2014_2023_bp.pdf.
  • EADA. (2014a). Eastern Anatolia Development Agency Support Programs. Retrieved May 25, 2014, from http://www.EADA.org.tr/?cmd=page&id=EADAdestekleri#pager0. 25 May 2014.
  • EADA. (2015). Vision 2023: Van City and Districts Vision 2023 Common Mind Strategic Action Plan. Retrieved December 18, 2015, from http://www.EADA.org.tr/panel/files/files/yayinlar/vizyon_2023 _van_eylem.pdf.
  • EADAP. (2007). Eastern Anatolia Development Program Introduction Booklet.
  • EC, (2007). European Commission, the economy of culture in Europe. Retrieved September 19, 2015, from http://ec.europa.eu/assets/eac/culture/library/studies/cultural-economy_en.pdf.
  • EC. (2015). European Commission, first-ever European strategy for culture: contributing to economic growth and intercultural understanding. Retrieved September 19, 2015, from http://europa.eu/rapid/press- release_IP-07-646_en.htm.
  • Ekiz, C. & Somel, A. (2007). Türkiye'de planlama ve planlama anlayışının değişimi. Mülkiye Dergisi, 31(256), 97-136.
  • Eşiyok, B. A. (2004). Türkiye Ekonomisinde Kalkınma Stratejileri ve Sanayileşme (Dün-Bugün-Yarın), Development Bank of Turkey Joint Stock Company, Research Directorate, ISBN 975-7406-40-6, Ankara.
  • Evans, G. & Shaw, P. (2004). The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence, a report to the department for culture media and sport, London: LondonMet.. Retrieved May 8, 2013, from http://www.culture.gov.uk/images/consultations/ADCMS Final1.pdf.
  • Garcia, B. (2004). Cultural policy and urban regeneration in Western European cities: lessons from experience, prospects for the future. Local Economy, 19(4), 312-326. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269094042000286828.
  • Gordon, J. C. & Beilby Orrin, H. (2007). International Measurement of the Economic and Social Importance of Culture, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
  • Grodach, C. & Seman, M. (2013). The cultural economy in recession: Examining the US experience. Cities, 33, 15-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2012.06.001.
  • Grodach, C. & Silver, D. (2012). The Politics of Urban Cultural Policy: Global Perspectives. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Grodach, C. (2013). Cultural economy planning in creative cities: discourse and practice. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 37(5), 1747-1765. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468- 2427.2012.01165.x.
  • Index Development Agency of Turkey, (2017). Turkey index map of development agencies. Retrieved June 28, 2017, from http://wowturkey.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=114820.
  • INTELI, (2011). Creative-based strategies in small and medium-sized cities: guidelines for local authorities. Retrieved May 8, 2013, from http://urbact.eu/sites/default/files/import/Projects/Creative_Clusters/documents_media/URBACTCreativeClust ers_TAP_INTELI_Final_01.pdf.
  • Karataş, Z. (2015). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştirma yöntemleri. Sosyal Hizmet E-Dergi Manevi Temelli Sosyal Hizmet Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 62-80.
  • Keser, H. Y. (2016). Culture economy for economic development: assessments on cultural heritage in Turkey. European Scientific Journal, 12(28), 38-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n28p38.
  • Kong, L. (2000). Culture, economy, policy: trends and developments. Geoforum, 31(4), 385-390. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7185(00)00004-X.
  • Kumral, N. & Güçlü, M. (2013). Kültür Ekonomisi ve Bölgesel Politika. Ege University Working Papers: Working Paper No: 13 /05.
  • Lazzeretti, L. (2013). Cultural and creative industries: an introduction. In L. Lazzeretti (Ed.), Creative industries and innovation in Europe ( pp. 1-20). London: Routledge.
  • Lazzeretti, L., Capone, F. & Seçilmiş, İ. E. (2014). Türkiye’de yaratıcı ve kültürel sektörlerin yapısı. Maliye Dergisi, 166, 195-220.
  • Leadbeater, C. & Oakley, K. (2001). Surfing the Long Wave: Knowledge Entrepreneurship in Britain. London: Demos.
  • Lucas, R. E. (1988). On the mechanics of economic development. Journal of Monetary Economics, 22, 3-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(88)90168-7.
  • Merriam, S. B. & Grenier, R. S. (2019). Qualitative Research in Practice: Examples for Discussion and Analysis. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
  • Ministry of Development. (2014). Ministry of development, national strategy for regional development. 2014- 2023. Retrieved August 19, 2015, from http://www.kalkinma.gov.tr/Lists/EylemVeDigerPlanlar/Attachments/27/20142023%20B%C3%B6lgesel%20G eli%C5%9Fme%20Ulusal%20Stratejisi.pdf. 19 August 2015.
  • Mommaas, H. (2004). Cultural clusters and the post-industrial city: towards the remapping of urban cultural policy. Urban Studies, 41(3), 507-532. https://doi.org/10.1080/0042098042000178663.
  • Montgomery, J. (1996). Developing the media industries. Local Economy, 11(2), 158-168. https://doi.org/10.1080%2F02690949608726322.
  • Mushkin, S. J. (1962). Health as an Investment. Journal of Political Economy, 70(5), Part 2, 129-157. https://doi.org/10.1086/258730.
  • Neuman, W. L. (2012). Toplumsal Araştırma Yöntemleri: Nicel ve Nitel Yaklaşımlar I-II. Cilt (5. Basım). İstanbul: Yayın Odası.
  • Oakley, K. (2004). Not so cool britannia. International Journal of Cultural Studies, 7(1), 67 -77. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367877904040606.
  • Official Gazette, (2006). Law No. 5449 on Establishment and Duties of Development Agencies, 8 February 2006 Issue: 26074.
  • ÖUKP. (2003). Preliminary National Development Program, 2004-2006. Ankara.
  • Potts, J. & Cunningham, S. (2008). Four models of the creative industries. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 14(3), 233-247. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286630802281780.
  • Pratt, A. C. (1997). The cultural industries production system: a case study of employment change in Britain, 1984-91. Environment and Planning, 29, 1953-1974. https://doi.org/10.1068/a291953.
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Industry and Technology, (2019). Socio-economic development ranking survey of the provinces and regions SEGE-2017. Prepared by: Salih Acar, Mustafa Caner Meydan, Leyla Bilen Kazancık & Mustafa Işık, Ankara. Directorate General of Development Agencies, Publication Issue: 3, Research Report Issue: 3, December 2019. Retrieved April 1, 2021, from https://www.sanayi.gov.tr/bolgesel- kalkinma-faaliyetleri/analitik-cal%C4%B1smalar/01123b.
  • Sab, R. S. & Smith S (2001). Human Capital: International Evidence. IMF Working Paper, 32, 1-33.
  • Savrul, B. K. (2012). Türkiye-Avrupa Birliği mali işbirliği kapsamında bölgesel kalkınma programlarının etkinliği. İstanbul Üniversitesi İktisat Fakültesi Mecmuası , 62(2), 355-371.
  • Schultz T. W. (1968). Education and Economic Growth: Return to Education, Readings in the Economics of Education, UNESCO, France.
  • Scott, A. J. (2006). Creative cities: conceptual issues and policy questions. Journal of Urban Affairs, 28(1), 1- 17. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0735-2166.2006.00256.x.
  • Strauss, A. & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques. Sage Publications.
  • Taş, B. (2006). AB uyum sürecinde Türkiye için yeni bir bölge kavramı: istatistiki bölge birimleri sınıflandırması (İBBS). Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Institute of Social Sciences, 8(2), 185-197.
  • TÜİK. (2021). Turkish Statistical Institute, Regional statistics. Retrieved March 25, 2021, from https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/bolgeselistatistik/tabloOlustur.do#.
  • UNCTAD. (2008). Creative economy report 2008. Retrieved March 25, 2021, from http://unctad.org/en/docs/ditc 20082cer_en.pdf.
  • UNDP. (2015). United Nations Development Program (UNDP). Humana Development Report, Abstract.
  • United Nations. (2010). Creative economy: a feasible development Option. Retrieved May 8, 2013, from http://www.undp.org.tr/publicationsdocuments/cer2010.pdf.
  • Yardımcıoğlu, M., Kocamaz, H. & Sezal, N. (2012). Türkiye’de günümüze kadar izlenen bölgesel kalkinma politikalari ve kalkinma. 2. Regional issues and Turkey symposium (1-2 October 2012). Kahramanmaraş.
  • Yılmaz, A. (2012). Türkiye’de planlama politikası ve yönetimi planlamanın siyasal iktisadi ve yönetsel kuruluşu. (PhD Thesis, Ankara University, Institute of Social Sciences, Ankara). Retrieved from https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp.
  • Zukin, S. (1996). The Cultures of Cities. Cambridge. MA: Blackwell Publishers.
Toplam 62 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Beşeri Coğrafya
Bölüm ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ
Yazarlar

Gülçinay Başdoğan Deniz 0000-0003-3281-911X

Zeynep Enlil 0000-0002-6328-7665

Yayımlanma Tarihi 23 Temmuz 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Sayı: 44

Kaynak Göster

APA Başdoğan Deniz, G., & Enlil, Z. (2021). THE IMPORTANCE OF CULTURAL ECONOMY IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES: TRB2 REGION AND VAN CITY. Lnternational Journal of Geography and Geography Education(44), 235-252. https://doi.org/10.32003/igge.886189
AMA Başdoğan Deniz G, Enlil Z. THE IMPORTANCE OF CULTURAL ECONOMY IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES: TRB2 REGION AND VAN CITY. IGGE. Temmuz 2021;(44):235-252. doi:10.32003/igge.886189
Chicago Başdoğan Deniz, Gülçinay, ve Zeynep Enlil. “THE IMPORTANCE OF CULTURAL ECONOMY IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES: TRB2 REGION AND VAN CITY”. Lnternational Journal of Geography and Geography Education, sy. 44 (Temmuz 2021): 235-52. https://doi.org/10.32003/igge.886189.
EndNote Başdoğan Deniz G, Enlil Z (01 Temmuz 2021) THE IMPORTANCE OF CULTURAL ECONOMY IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES: TRB2 REGION AND VAN CITY. lnternational Journal of Geography and Geography Education 44 235–252.
IEEE G. Başdoğan Deniz ve Z. Enlil, “THE IMPORTANCE OF CULTURAL ECONOMY IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES: TRB2 REGION AND VAN CITY”, IGGE, sy. 44, ss. 235–252, Temmuz 2021, doi: 10.32003/igge.886189.
ISNAD Başdoğan Deniz, Gülçinay - Enlil, Zeynep. “THE IMPORTANCE OF CULTURAL ECONOMY IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES: TRB2 REGION AND VAN CITY”. lnternational Journal of Geography and Geography Education 44 (Temmuz 2021), 235-252. https://doi.org/10.32003/igge.886189.
JAMA Başdoğan Deniz G, Enlil Z. THE IMPORTANCE OF CULTURAL ECONOMY IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES: TRB2 REGION AND VAN CITY. IGGE. 2021;:235–252.
MLA Başdoğan Deniz, Gülçinay ve Zeynep Enlil. “THE IMPORTANCE OF CULTURAL ECONOMY IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES: TRB2 REGION AND VAN CITY”. Lnternational Journal of Geography and Geography Education, sy. 44, 2021, ss. 235-52, doi:10.32003/igge.886189.
Vancouver Başdoğan Deniz G, Enlil Z. THE IMPORTANCE OF CULTURAL ECONOMY IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES: TRB2 REGION AND VAN CITY. IGGE. 2021(44):235-52.