Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

KÜLTÜREL COĞRAFYA PERSPEKTİFİNDEN MEKÂNIN ELEŞTİRİSİ

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 45, 134 - 147, 25.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.32003/igge.1041260

Öz

Kültür, temsil, söylem ve pratikler yoluyla oluşturulmuş mekâna derinden gömülmüştür. Kültürel normlar ve mekânlar, kültürel politikalar aracılığıyla şekillenmiştir. Dolayısıyla kültürel politikalar sayesinde oluşturulan ve işleyen güç, mekânlarda kültürel eşitsizlikleri üretmiştir. 1980'lerin ortalarından itibaren sosyal bilimlerde gerçekleşen kültürel dönüş, coğrafyada mekânsal dönüşe yol açmıştır. Kültürel dönüşle toplumsal yaşamın kabul edilenleri ve yaşamlarımızı yaşama şeklimiz sorgulanmaya başlanmıştır. Bu düşünceler feminist, postyapısalcı, postmodern, postkoloniyel teoriler tarafından benimsenmiş ve derinden şekillendirilmiştir. Kültürel dönüşten bu yana, kültür ve kültürel gruplarla ilgili söylem ve pratiklerin bazı yaşamları ayrıcalıklı hale getirdiği, bazılarını da sosyal mekânda güvencesiz kıldığı daha görünür olmuştur. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, çağdaş kültürel gerçekliğimizin bir parçası olan mekân kültürünü incelemek, kültürel normları sorgulamak ve mekândaki eşitsizlikleri göstermektir. Sonuç olarak, mekânların ve yerlerin güç aracılığıyla üretildiği, marjinalleştirilen bireylerin güce maruz kaldığını göstermesi bakımından önemli bir çalışmadır.

Teşekkür

Yazdığım bu makaleyi okuyarak değerli fikirlerini benimle paylaşan hocam Doç. Dr. Münür Bilgili’ye çok teşekkür ederim.

Kaynakça

  • Alcoff, M. L. (1996). Feminist theory and social science: New knowledges, new epistemologies. In N. Duncan (Eds.),BodySpace (pp. 13-26). Routledge London.
  • Anderson, J. (2015). Understanding cultural geography: Places and traces. New York: Routledge.
  • Beauvoir, S. (1949). The Second Sex, (translated by C. Borde and S. Malovany-Chevallier (2009)). New York: Vintage Books.
  • Berg, L. D., & Longhurst, R. (2003). Placing masculinities and geography. Gender, Place and Culture, 10(4), 351-360.
  • Bilgili, M. (2016). Coğrafya öğretiminde mekân ve yer karmaşası üzerine bir araştırma. Coğrafya Eğitimi Dergisi, 2(1), 11-19.
  • Bilgili, M. (2017). Coğrafyanın bilimsel kimliğine postyapısalcı bir yaklaşım. Marmara Coğrafya Dergisi, 35, 101-109.
  • Bilgili, M. (2017). Toplumsal cinsiyet, bedenin mekansallığı ve cinsiyetçi mekanlar. Felsefe-Yazın Dergisi, Ekim-Kasım, 23, 19-28.
  • Bilgili, M. (2020). Coğrafyada mekân felsefesi üzerine yaklaşımlar. lnternational Journal of Geography and Geography Education, 41, 88- 102.
  • Blunt, A., & Dowling, R. (2006). Home. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A social critique of the judgement of taste. Boston, MA: Harvard university press.
  • Brown, G., Browne, K., & Lim, J. (2007). Introduction, or Why have a book on geographies of sexualities? In Brown, G., Browne, K., Lim, J. (Eds.), Geographies of sexualities: Theory, practices and politics (pp. 21-28). Burlington: Ashgate.
  • Brown, P. M. (2000). Closet space: Geographies of metaphor from the body to the globe. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Browne, K., & Ferreira, E. (2015). Lesbian geographies: Gender, Place and Power. England: Ashgate.
  • Butler, J. (1990). Gender trouble: Feminism and the subversion of identity. London: Routledge.
  • Butler, J. (1993). Bodies that matter: On the discursive limits of sex. London: Routledge.
  • Butler, J. (2001). Doing justice to someone: Sex reassignment and allegories of transsexuality. GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies, 7(4), 621-636.
  • Connell, R. W. (2005). Masculinities. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Cream, J. (1995). Resolving riddles: The sexed body. In Bell, D., & Valentine, G., (Eds.), Mapping desire: Geographies of sexualities (pp. 31- 40). London: Routledge.
  • Davis, K. (1997). Embodied practices: Feminist perspectives on the body. Sage Publications Ltd.
  • Foucault, M. (1980). Power/knowledge. Pantheon: New York.
  • Friedan, B. (1963). The feminine mystique. Norton: New York.
  • Gatens, M. (1988). Towards a feminist philosophy of the body. In B. Caine, E. Grosz, & M. de Lepervanches (Eds), Crossing boundaries: Feminisms and critiques of knowledges (pp. 59-70). Rowman & Littlefield.
  • Gorman-Murray, A. (2006). Gay and lesbian couples at home: İdentity work in domestic space. Home Cultures, 3(2), 145-168.
  • Gorman-Murray, A. (2007). Contesting domestic ideals: Queering the Australian home. Australian Geographer, 38(2), 195-213.
  • Gorman-Murray, A. (2012). Meanings of home: gender dimensions. In S. J. Smith, M. Elsinga, L. Fox O’Mahony, S. E. Ong, & S. Wachter, (Eds), International Encyclopedia of Housing and Home. Vol. 4 (pp. 251-256).
  • Gregory D. (1994). Geographical imaginations. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Gregson, N., & Rose, G. (2000). Taking Butler elsewhere: Performativities, spatialities and subjectivities. Environment and Planning D: Society and space, 18(4), 433-452.
  • Harding, S. G. (1986). The science question in feminism. Milton Keynes: Open Univesity Press.
  • Henig, R. M. (2017). Rethinking gender. National Geographic, 231(1), 48- 72.
  • Hooks, B. (2000). Feminism is for everybody: Passionate politics. Canada: South end Press Cambridge, MA.
  • Horton, J. & Kraftl, P. (2014). Cultural geographies: An introduction. New York: Routledge.
  • Horzum, Ş. (2018). Erkek ve erkeklik çalışmaları: Sorunsaldan kuramsala. Amasya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(4), 75-101.
  • Johnston, L. (2019). Transforming gender, sex, and place: Gender variant geographies. New York: Routledge.
  • Massey, D. (1993). Space, place and gender. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Massey, D. (2005). For Space. Sage London.
  • McDowell, L. (1999). Scales, spaces and gendered differences: A comment on gender cultures. Geoforum, 30(3), 231-233.
  • Millett, K. (1971). Sexual politics. London: Hart-Davis.
  • Mirioğlu, G. (2018). Kentlere feminist coğrafya perspektifinden bakmak. Ege Coğrafya Dergisi, 27(2), 183-194.
  • Mitchell, D. (2000). Cultural geography: A critical introduction. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Namaste, K. (1996). Genderbashing: Sexuality, gender, and the regulation of public space. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 14(2), 221-240.
  • Nast, H., & Pile, S. (1998). Places through the body. London: Routledge.
  • O’sullivan, T., Hartley, J., Saunders, D., Montgomery, M., & Fiske, J. (1994). Key concepts in communication and cultural studies. Routledge London.
  • Öksüz, M., & Deniz, A. (2019). Toplumsal cinsiyetin, mekânın ve zamanın tektipleştirilmesi: Tecavüz içerikli karikatürler ve gerçek temsiller üzerine bir araştırma. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 17(1), 170-192.
  • Özey, R., Bilgili, M., & Kocalar, O. A. (2018). Coğrafyada peyzaj teorisi. lnternational Journal of Geography and Geography Education, 38, 127- 141.
  • Rose, G. (1993). Feminism & geography: The limits of geographical knowledge. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Rose, G. (1996). As if the mirror has bled: Masculine dwelling, masculine theory and feminist masquerade. In N. Duncan (Ed), BodySpace (pp. 56-74). London: Routledge.
  • Rubin, H. (2003). Self-made men: Identity and embodiment among transsexual men. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press.
  • Sedgwick, E. (1990). Epistemology of the Closet. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Shipp, T. D., Shipp, D. Z., Bromley, B., Sheahan, R., Cohen, A., Lieberman, E., & Benacerraf, B. (2004). What factors are associated with parents’ desire to know the sex of their unborn child? Birth, 31(4), 272-279.
  • Soja, E. (1996). Thirdspace. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Sullivan, N. (2003). A critical introduction to queer theory. Washington Square, New York: New York Press.
  • Tuan, Y.-F. (2001). Space and place: The perspective of experience. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Valentine, G. (2001). Social geographies: Space and society. Harlow: Pearson.
  • Walby, S. (1990). Theorising patriarchy. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Yanow, D. (2015). Constructing race and ethnicity in America: Category-making in public policy and administration. Newyork: Routledge.
  • Yüceşahin, M., & Yazgan, P. (2017). Kentler toplumsal cinsiyetsiz değildir: Türkiye’de kentsel mekânın üretiminin feminist bir eleştirisi. Kadin/Woman 2000, 18(1), 85-106.

CRITICISM OF SPACE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 45, 134 - 147, 25.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.32003/igge.1041260

Öz

Culture is deeply embedded in the space created through representation, discourse and practices. Cultural norms and spaces have been shaped through cultural policies. Therefore, the power created and operated by cultural policies has produced cultural inequalities in spaces. Since the mid-1980s, the cultural turn occurred in social sciences has led to a spatial turn in geography. With the cultural turn, the accepted in social life and the way we live our lives have begun to be questioned. These thoughts have been embraced and deeply shaped by feminist, poststructuralist, postmodern and postcolonial theories. Since the cultural turn, it has become more visible that discourses and practices about culture and cultural groups privilege some lives and make the others insecure in social space. In this context, the aim of the study is to examine the culture of space, which is a part of our contemporary cultural reality, to question cultural norms and to show the inequalities in space. In conclusion, it is an important study in regard to that it shows that spaces and places are produced through power and that marginalized individuals are exposed to power.

Kaynakça

  • Alcoff, M. L. (1996). Feminist theory and social science: New knowledges, new epistemologies. In N. Duncan (Eds.),BodySpace (pp. 13-26). Routledge London.
  • Anderson, J. (2015). Understanding cultural geography: Places and traces. New York: Routledge.
  • Beauvoir, S. (1949). The Second Sex, (translated by C. Borde and S. Malovany-Chevallier (2009)). New York: Vintage Books.
  • Berg, L. D., & Longhurst, R. (2003). Placing masculinities and geography. Gender, Place and Culture, 10(4), 351-360.
  • Bilgili, M. (2016). Coğrafya öğretiminde mekân ve yer karmaşası üzerine bir araştırma. Coğrafya Eğitimi Dergisi, 2(1), 11-19.
  • Bilgili, M. (2017). Coğrafyanın bilimsel kimliğine postyapısalcı bir yaklaşım. Marmara Coğrafya Dergisi, 35, 101-109.
  • Bilgili, M. (2017). Toplumsal cinsiyet, bedenin mekansallığı ve cinsiyetçi mekanlar. Felsefe-Yazın Dergisi, Ekim-Kasım, 23, 19-28.
  • Bilgili, M. (2020). Coğrafyada mekân felsefesi üzerine yaklaşımlar. lnternational Journal of Geography and Geography Education, 41, 88- 102.
  • Blunt, A., & Dowling, R. (2006). Home. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A social critique of the judgement of taste. Boston, MA: Harvard university press.
  • Brown, G., Browne, K., & Lim, J. (2007). Introduction, or Why have a book on geographies of sexualities? In Brown, G., Browne, K., Lim, J. (Eds.), Geographies of sexualities: Theory, practices and politics (pp. 21-28). Burlington: Ashgate.
  • Brown, P. M. (2000). Closet space: Geographies of metaphor from the body to the globe. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Browne, K., & Ferreira, E. (2015). Lesbian geographies: Gender, Place and Power. England: Ashgate.
  • Butler, J. (1990). Gender trouble: Feminism and the subversion of identity. London: Routledge.
  • Butler, J. (1993). Bodies that matter: On the discursive limits of sex. London: Routledge.
  • Butler, J. (2001). Doing justice to someone: Sex reassignment and allegories of transsexuality. GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies, 7(4), 621-636.
  • Connell, R. W. (2005). Masculinities. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Cream, J. (1995). Resolving riddles: The sexed body. In Bell, D., & Valentine, G., (Eds.), Mapping desire: Geographies of sexualities (pp. 31- 40). London: Routledge.
  • Davis, K. (1997). Embodied practices: Feminist perspectives on the body. Sage Publications Ltd.
  • Foucault, M. (1980). Power/knowledge. Pantheon: New York.
  • Friedan, B. (1963). The feminine mystique. Norton: New York.
  • Gatens, M. (1988). Towards a feminist philosophy of the body. In B. Caine, E. Grosz, & M. de Lepervanches (Eds), Crossing boundaries: Feminisms and critiques of knowledges (pp. 59-70). Rowman & Littlefield.
  • Gorman-Murray, A. (2006). Gay and lesbian couples at home: İdentity work in domestic space. Home Cultures, 3(2), 145-168.
  • Gorman-Murray, A. (2007). Contesting domestic ideals: Queering the Australian home. Australian Geographer, 38(2), 195-213.
  • Gorman-Murray, A. (2012). Meanings of home: gender dimensions. In S. J. Smith, M. Elsinga, L. Fox O’Mahony, S. E. Ong, & S. Wachter, (Eds), International Encyclopedia of Housing and Home. Vol. 4 (pp. 251-256).
  • Gregory D. (1994). Geographical imaginations. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Gregson, N., & Rose, G. (2000). Taking Butler elsewhere: Performativities, spatialities and subjectivities. Environment and Planning D: Society and space, 18(4), 433-452.
  • Harding, S. G. (1986). The science question in feminism. Milton Keynes: Open Univesity Press.
  • Henig, R. M. (2017). Rethinking gender. National Geographic, 231(1), 48- 72.
  • Hooks, B. (2000). Feminism is for everybody: Passionate politics. Canada: South end Press Cambridge, MA.
  • Horton, J. & Kraftl, P. (2014). Cultural geographies: An introduction. New York: Routledge.
  • Horzum, Ş. (2018). Erkek ve erkeklik çalışmaları: Sorunsaldan kuramsala. Amasya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(4), 75-101.
  • Johnston, L. (2019). Transforming gender, sex, and place: Gender variant geographies. New York: Routledge.
  • Massey, D. (1993). Space, place and gender. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Massey, D. (2005). For Space. Sage London.
  • McDowell, L. (1999). Scales, spaces and gendered differences: A comment on gender cultures. Geoforum, 30(3), 231-233.
  • Millett, K. (1971). Sexual politics. London: Hart-Davis.
  • Mirioğlu, G. (2018). Kentlere feminist coğrafya perspektifinden bakmak. Ege Coğrafya Dergisi, 27(2), 183-194.
  • Mitchell, D. (2000). Cultural geography: A critical introduction. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Namaste, K. (1996). Genderbashing: Sexuality, gender, and the regulation of public space. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 14(2), 221-240.
  • Nast, H., & Pile, S. (1998). Places through the body. London: Routledge.
  • O’sullivan, T., Hartley, J., Saunders, D., Montgomery, M., & Fiske, J. (1994). Key concepts in communication and cultural studies. Routledge London.
  • Öksüz, M., & Deniz, A. (2019). Toplumsal cinsiyetin, mekânın ve zamanın tektipleştirilmesi: Tecavüz içerikli karikatürler ve gerçek temsiller üzerine bir araştırma. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 17(1), 170-192.
  • Özey, R., Bilgili, M., & Kocalar, O. A. (2018). Coğrafyada peyzaj teorisi. lnternational Journal of Geography and Geography Education, 38, 127- 141.
  • Rose, G. (1993). Feminism & geography: The limits of geographical knowledge. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Rose, G. (1996). As if the mirror has bled: Masculine dwelling, masculine theory and feminist masquerade. In N. Duncan (Ed), BodySpace (pp. 56-74). London: Routledge.
  • Rubin, H. (2003). Self-made men: Identity and embodiment among transsexual men. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press.
  • Sedgwick, E. (1990). Epistemology of the Closet. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Shipp, T. D., Shipp, D. Z., Bromley, B., Sheahan, R., Cohen, A., Lieberman, E., & Benacerraf, B. (2004). What factors are associated with parents’ desire to know the sex of their unborn child? Birth, 31(4), 272-279.
  • Soja, E. (1996). Thirdspace. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Sullivan, N. (2003). A critical introduction to queer theory. Washington Square, New York: New York Press.
  • Tuan, Y.-F. (2001). Space and place: The perspective of experience. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Valentine, G. (2001). Social geographies: Space and society. Harlow: Pearson.
  • Walby, S. (1990). Theorising patriarchy. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Yanow, D. (2015). Constructing race and ethnicity in America: Category-making in public policy and administration. Newyork: Routledge.
  • Yüceşahin, M., & Yazgan, P. (2017). Kentler toplumsal cinsiyetsiz değildir: Türkiye’de kentsel mekânın üretiminin feminist bir eleştirisi. Kadin/Woman 2000, 18(1), 85-106.
Toplam 56 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Beşeri Coğrafya
Bölüm ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ
Yazarlar

Miyase Okur 0000-0002-6135-2224

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Ocak 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Sayı: 45

Kaynak Göster

APA Okur, M. (2022). KÜLTÜREL COĞRAFYA PERSPEKTİFİNDEN MEKÂNIN ELEŞTİRİSİ. Lnternational Journal of Geography and Geography Education(45), 134-147. https://doi.org/10.32003/igge.1041260
AMA Okur M. KÜLTÜREL COĞRAFYA PERSPEKTİFİNDEN MEKÂNIN ELEŞTİRİSİ. IGGE. Ocak 2022;(45):134-147. doi:10.32003/igge.1041260
Chicago Okur, Miyase. “KÜLTÜREL COĞRAFYA PERSPEKTİFİNDEN MEKÂNIN ELEŞTİRİSİ”. Lnternational Journal of Geography and Geography Education, sy. 45 (Ocak 2022): 134-47. https://doi.org/10.32003/igge.1041260.
EndNote Okur M (01 Ocak 2022) KÜLTÜREL COĞRAFYA PERSPEKTİFİNDEN MEKÂNIN ELEŞTİRİSİ. lnternational Journal of Geography and Geography Education 45 134–147.
IEEE M. Okur, “KÜLTÜREL COĞRAFYA PERSPEKTİFİNDEN MEKÂNIN ELEŞTİRİSİ”, IGGE, sy. 45, ss. 134–147, Ocak 2022, doi: 10.32003/igge.1041260.
ISNAD Okur, Miyase. “KÜLTÜREL COĞRAFYA PERSPEKTİFİNDEN MEKÂNIN ELEŞTİRİSİ”. lnternational Journal of Geography and Geography Education 45 (Ocak 2022), 134-147. https://doi.org/10.32003/igge.1041260.
JAMA Okur M. KÜLTÜREL COĞRAFYA PERSPEKTİFİNDEN MEKÂNIN ELEŞTİRİSİ. IGGE. 2022;:134–147.
MLA Okur, Miyase. “KÜLTÜREL COĞRAFYA PERSPEKTİFİNDEN MEKÂNIN ELEŞTİRİSİ”. Lnternational Journal of Geography and Geography Education, sy. 45, 2022, ss. 134-47, doi:10.32003/igge.1041260.
Vancouver Okur M. KÜLTÜREL COĞRAFYA PERSPEKTİFİNDEN MEKÂNIN ELEŞTİRİSİ. IGGE. 2022(45):134-47.