The Effect of Mat Pilates Exercises on Quality of Life, Depression and Sleep Quality in Female University Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic Process

Öz

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to examine the effect of online pilates on depression, sleep and quality of life in women university students during the COVID-19 Pandemic Process. Method: 22 female university students were included in the study. Data of students' information including age, height and weight were obtained. At the beginning of the study, the sleep quality of the volunteers was evaluated online by using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), their depression level using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), their quality of life using the Short Form 36 test (SF-36) and their pain level using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Volunteers were given mat pilates exercise for 8 weeks (24 sessions in total), lasting 45-60 minutes, 3 days a week. Pilates training was applied over the internet using the Zoom program. Results: The mean age of the individuals participating in the study was 20.04 ± 1.52, the mean height (cm) was 162.09 ± 3.63, and the mean weight (kg) was 56.59 ± 7.90. In posttreatment evaluations of SF-36, there was no difference (p>0.05). After 24 sessions of exercise, a statistically significant difference was found in the PSQI (p=0.001), BDI (p=0.001) and VAS (p=0.001) values of the volunteers (p<0.05). Conclusion: Mat pilates exercises applied over the internet in female university students increased the sleep quality of the individuals and decreased their depression and pain levels.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pilates training
• sleep quality
• quality of life
• depression
• pain intensity

Kadın Üniversite Öğrencilerinde COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde İnternet Üzerinden Uygulanan Mat Pilates Egzersizlerinin Yaşam Kalitesi, Depresyon ve Uyku Kalitesi Üzerine Olan Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma ile kadın üniversite öğrencilerinde COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde internet üzerinden pilates uygulamasının depresyon, yaşam ve uyku kalitesi üzerine olan etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya 22 kadın üniversite öğrencisi dâhil edildi. Öğrencilerin yaş, boy ve kilo bilgileri elde edildi. Çalışmanın başında gönüllülerin uyku kaliteleri Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi (PUKİ), depresyon düzeyleri Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ), yaşam kaliteleri Short Form 36 testi (SF-36), ağrı seviyeleri Vizüel Analog Skala (VAS) kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Gönüllülere haftada 3 gün, günde 45-60 dakika süren 8 hafta (toplam 24 seans) mat pilates egzersizi uygulandı. Pilates eğitimi Zoom programı kullanılarak internet üzerinden uygulandı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan bireylerin yaş ortalamaları 20,04 ± 1,52, boy ortalamaları (cm) 162,09±3,63; ağırlık ortalamaları (kg) 56,59±7,90 idi. SF-36’nın pilates eğitimi sonrası değerlendirmelerinde istatistiksel anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı (p>0,05). 24 seanslık egzersiz sonrası gönüllülerin PUKİ (p=0,001), BDÖ (p=0,001) ve VAS (p=0,001) değerlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık tespit edildi (p<0,05). Sonuç: Kadın üniversite öğrencilerinde internet üzerinden uygulanan mat pilates egzersizleri bireylerin uyku kalitesini artırmış, depresyon düzeylerini ve ağrı seviyelerini ise azaltmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pilates eğitimi
• uyku kalitesi
• yaşam kalitesi
• depresyon
• ağrı şiddeti

Kaynakça

1. Stawicki S, Jeanmonod R, Miller A, et al. The 2019-2020 novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) pandemic: a joint american college of academic international medicine-world academic council of emergency medicine multidisciplinary COVID-19 working group consensus paper. Journal of Global Infectious Diseases. 2020;12(2):47-93. doi:10.4103/jgid.jgid_86_20.
2. Aristovnik A, Keržič D, Ravšelj D, Tomaževič N, Umek L. Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on life of higher education students: a global perspective. Sustain. 2020;12 (20):1-34. doi:10.3390/su12208438.
3. Bulguroglu H, Bulguroğlu M, Özaslan A. Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde üniversite öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktivite, yaşam kalitesi ve depresyon seviyelerinin incelenmesi. Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;12(2):306-311. doi: 10.31067/acusaglik.852175.
4. Li Y, Wang Y, Jiang J, et al. Psychological distress among health professional students during the COVID-19 outbreak. Psychological Medicine. 2021;51(11):1952-1954. doi:10.1017/S0033291720001555.
5. Sankhi S, Marasine Raj N. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the general population: a systematic review. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2020;277:55-64. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.001.
6. Yakar B, Öztürk Kaygusuz T, Pirinçci E, Önalan E, Ertekin YH. Knowledge, attitude and anxiety of medical students about the current COVID-19 outbreak in Turkey. Family Practice and Palliative Care. 2020:5(2):36-44. doi: 10.22391/fppc.737469.
7. Tang W, Hu T, Hu B, et al. Prevalence and correlates of PTSD and depressive symptoms one month after the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in a sample of home- quarantined Chinese university students. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2020;274:1-7. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.009.
8. Biçer Y, Peker İ, Savucu Y. Kalp Tek damar tıkanıklığı olan kadın hastalarda planlanmış düzenli yürüyüşün bazı kan lipitleri üzerine etkisi. Fırat Üniversitesi Doğu Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2005;4(1):102-111.

9. Cruz-Ferreira A, Fernandes J, Laranjo L, Bernardo LM, Silva A. A systematic review of the effects of pilates method of exercise in healthy people. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2011;92(12):2071-2081. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2011.06.018.
10. Aslan Ş. Kadınlarda Pilatesin Vücut Kompozisyonuna Etkisi. İnönü Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2019;6(1):24-35.
11. Lange C, Larkam E, Latta PM, Ma EL. Maximizing the benefits of Pilates-inspired exercise for learning functional motor skills. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies. 2000;4(2);99-108.
12. Hawker GA, Mian S, Kendzerska T, French M. Measures of adult pain: visual analog scale for pain (VAS pain), numeric rating scale for pain (NRS pain), McGill pain questionnaire (MPQ), short-form McGill pain questionnaire (SF-MPQ), chronic pain grade scale (CPGS), short form-36 bodily pain scale (SF-36 BPS), and measure of intermittent and constant osteoarthritis pain (ICOAP). Arthritis Care & Research. 2011;63(Suppl 11):S240–S252. doi:10.1002/acr.20543.
13. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1961;4:561–571. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004.
14. Hisli N. Beck depresyon envanterinin üniversite öğrencileri için geçerliği, güvenirliği. Psikoloji Dergisi. 1989;7(23):3-13.
15. Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Research. 1989;28(2):193–213. doi:10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4.
16. Ağargün MY, Kara H, Anlar Ö. The validity and reliability of the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index. Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi. 1996;7:107-15.
17. Ware JE, Sherbourne CD. The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Medical Care. 1992;30(6):473–483.
18. Koçyiğit H, Aydemir Ö, Ölmez N, Memiş A. Kısa form-36 (KF36)’nın Türkçe versiyonunun güvenirliliği ve geçerliliği. İlaç ve Tedavi Dergisi. 1999;12(2):102-106.
19. Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, et al. Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in china. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(5):1- 25.
20. Cao W, Fang Z, Hou G, et al. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Research. 2020;287:112934. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934.
21. Cancela JM, de Oliveira IM, Rodríguez-Fuentes G. Effects of pilates method in physical fitness on older adults. A systematic review. European Review of Aging and Physical Activity. 2014;11(2):81-94. doi:10.1007/s11556-014-0143-2.
22. Patti A, Bianco A, Paoli A, et al. Effects of pilates exercise programs in people with chronic low back pain: A systematic review. Medicine. 2015;94(4):1-9. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000000383.
23. Chen Z, Ye X, Shen Z, et al. Effect of pilates on sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Frontiers in Neurology. 2020;11:1-7. doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00158.
24. Curi VS, Vilaça J, Haas AN, Fernandes HM. Effects of 16-weeks of Pilates on health perception and sleep quality among elderly women. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2018;74:118-122. doi:10.1016/j.archger.2017.10.012.
25. De Medeiros SA, De Almeida Silva HJ, Do Nascimento RM, Da Silva Maia JB, De Almeida Lins CA, De Souza MC. Mat Pilates is as effective as aquatic aerobic exercise in treating women with fibromyalgia: A clinical. randomized and blind trial. Advances in Rheumatology. 2020;60(1). doi:10.1186/s42358-020-0124-2.
26. Saltan A, Ankaralı H. Does Pilates effect on depression status. pain. functionality. and quality of life in university students? A randomized controlled study. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care. 2021;57(1):198-205. doi:10.1111/ppc.12547.