Sağlık Bilimleri Öğrencilerinde Menstrüasyon Semptomları ve Anksiyete Üzerine Kesitsel Bir Çalışma: Ders ve Sınav Süreçlerinin Perspektifi

Öz

Amaç: Öğrencilerin akademik performansı, menstrüasyon semptomları nedeniyle düşmektedir. Anksiyete, menstrüasyon semptomlarını etkileyen önemli bir faktör olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu nedenle, çalışmanın amacı, öğrencilerin ders ve sınav dönemlerindeki anksiyete seviyeleri ve dismenore değişkenlerini incelemektir. Yöntem: Menstrüasyon semptomları ve anksiyete seviyeleri, kadın öğrencilerde (yaş: 21,09±1,70 yıl) Menstrüasyon Semptomları Ölçeği ve Durumluk-Sürekli Anksiyete Envanteri kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Akademik dönemler arasındaki farklar ile anksiyete ve menstrüasyon semptomları arasındaki ilişki analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Sınav döneminde, ders dönemiyle karşılaştırıldığında anksiyete ve menstrüasyon semptomlarının arttığı bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Menstrüasyon semptomları ile anksiyete arasında sınav döneminde bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Sonuç: Sınav dönemlerinde, öğrencilerin normal dönemlere göre daha şiddetli menstrüasyon semptomları ve anksiyete yaşadıkları bildirilmiştir. Gelecekteki müdahaleler, sınavla ilgili anksiyetenin menstrüasyon semptomları üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerini azaltmayı hedeflemelidir. Kadın öğrenciler için akademik ortamlardaki bu engelleri ele almak amacıyla daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Menstrüasyon
• dismenore
• ağrı
• anksiyete

A Cross-Sectional Study on Menstrual Symptoms and Anxiety in Health Science Students: Perspective of Lecture and Exam Periods

Öz

Aim: The academic performance of the students decreases due to menstrual symptoms. Anxiety stands as a notable determinant influencing menstrual symptoms. Therefore, the aim of the study to examine students’ anxiety levels and dysmenorrhea variables during lecture and exam periods. Method: Menstrual symptoms and anxiety levels were measured the Menstruation Symptom Scale and State and Trait Anxiety Inventory in female students (age: 21.09±1.70 years). The differences between academic periods and the relationship between anxiety and menstrual symptoms were analysed. Results: Anxiety and menstrual symptoms increased during the exam period, when compared to the lecture period (p<0.05). Menstruation symptoms and anxiety were found to be correlated in the exam period (p<0.05). Conclusion: It has been reported that students experience more severe menstrual symptoms and anxiety during exam periods compared to regular semesters. Future interventions should aim to reduce the negative impact of exam-related anxiety on menstrual symptoms. There is a need for further research to address these barriers in academic settings for female students.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Menstruation
• dysmenorrhea
• pain
• anxiety

Kaynakça

1. 1. Critchley HOD, Babayev E, Bulun SE, et al. Menstruation: science and society. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020;223(5):624-664. doi: 10.1016/J.AJOG.2020.06.004.
2. 2. Armour M, Parry K, Manohar N, et al. The prevalence and academic impact of dysmenorrhea in 21,573 young women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Womens Health. 2019;28(8):1161-1171. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2018.7615.
3. 3. Akarsu RH, Alsac SY. Risks with gynaecological problems on the health of university students. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):758. doi: 10.12669/PJMS.35.3.834.
4. 4. Maity S, Wray J, Coffin T, et al. Academic and social impact of menstrual disturbances in female medical students: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022;9. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.821908.
5. 5. Bajalan Z, Moafi F, Moradi Baglooei M, Alimoradi Z. Mental health and primary dysmenorrhea: a systematic review. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2019;40(3):185-194. doi: 10.1080/0167482X.2018.1470619.
6. 6. Katwal PC, Karki NR, Sharma P, Tamrakar SR. Dysmenorrhea and stress among the Nepalese medical students. Kathmandu University Medical Journal. 2016;14(56):318-321.
7. 7. Gómez-Íñiguez C, Rodríguez CG, Cantero FP. State anxiety and cardiovascular activity in an academic examination. Psych J. 2021;10(3):415-424. doi: 10.1002/PCHJ.411.
8. 8. Rafique N, Al-Sheikh MH. Prevalence of menstrual problems and their association with psychological stress in young female students studying health sciences. Saudi Med J. 2018;39(1):67-73. doi: 10.15537/smj.2018.1.21438.

9. 9. Vlachou E, Owens DA, Lavdaniti M, et al. Prevalence, wellbeing, and symptoms of dysmenorrhea among university nursing students in Greece. Diseases. 2019;7(1):5. doi: 10.3390/DISEASES7010005.
10. 10. Mitsuhashi R, Sawai A, Kiyohara K, et al. Factors associated with the prevalence and severity of menstrual-related symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;20(1):569. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20010569.
11. 11. Matsuura Y, Tran NH, Nguyen BT, et al. Menstruation-related symptoms and associated factors among female university students in Vietnam. Youth. 2024;4(1):344-356. doi: 10.3390/youth4010024.
12. 12. Chesney MA, Tasto DL. The development of the menstrual symptom questionnaire. Behaviour Research and Therapy. 1975;13(4):237-244. doi: 10.1016/0005-7967(75)90028-5.
13. 13. Güvenç G, Seven M, Akyüz A. Adaptation of the menstrual symptom questionnaire into turkish. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin. 2014;13(5). doi: 10.5455/pmb1-1378840527.
14. 14. Öner N, Le Compte A. Süreksiz Durumluk/Sürekli Anksiyete Envanteri El Kitabı, 1. Baskı, İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları; 1983.
15. 15. Coates DR, Chin JM, Chung STL. Menstrual symptoms in adolescent girls: association with smoking, depressive symptoms and anxiety. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2011;23(1):1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2008.07.018.Menstrual.
16. 16. AlJadidi MK, AlMutrafi OO, Bamousa RO. The influence of exam stress on menstrual dysfunctions in Saudi Arabia. J Health Educ Res Dev. 2016;04(04). doi: 10.4172/2380-5439.1000196.
17. 17. Rathi AK, Agrawal M, Baniya G. A study of impact of stress: examinations on menstrual cycle among medical Students. Int J Res Med Sci. 2019;7(12):4703-4708.
18. 18. Çaltekin İ, Hamamcı M, Demir Çaltekin D, et al. Evaluation of sleep disorders, anxiety and depression in women with dysmenorrhea. Sleep Biol Rhythms. 2021;19:13-21. doi: 10.1007/s41105-020-00283-9.
19. 19. Kamel DM, Tantawy SA, Abdelsamea GA. Experience of dysmenorrhea among a group of physical therapy students from Cairo University: An exploratory study. J Pain Res. 2017;10:1079-1085. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S132544.
20. 20. Yılmaz B, Sahin N. The effects of a dysmenorrhea support program on university students who had primary dysmenorrhea: a randomized controlled study. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2020;33(3):285-290. doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2019.12.008.
21. 21. Çelik AS, Apay SE. Effect of progressive relaxation exercises on primary dysmenorrhea in Turkish students: a randomized prospective controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2021;42:101280. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101280.
22. 22. Alsaleem M. Dysmenorrhea, associated symptoms, and management among students at King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia: An Exploratory Study. J Family Med Prim Care. 2018;7(4):769. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_113_18.
23. 23. Alahakoon AMSS, Wickramarathne DBM. Prevalence of dysmenorrhea, its association with overall academic engagement, and management among nursing undergraduates at Peradeniya University, Sri Lanka: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Endometr Pelvic Pain Disord. 2021;13(2):127-135. doi: 10.1177/2284026521993680.
24. 24. Mesele TT, Ayalew HG, Syoum AT, Antehneh TA. Impact of dysmenorrhea on academic performance among Haramaya University undergraduate regular students, Eastern Ethiopia. Frontiers in Reproductive Health. 2022;4. doi: 10.3389/frph.2022.939035.
25. 25. De Sanctis V, Soliman AT, Elsedfy H, et al. Dysmenorrhea in adolescents and young adults: a review in different country. Acta Biomed. 2016;87(3):233-246.