The Effect of Telephone Interventions on Individuals’ Cancer Early Diagnosis and Screening Applications: A Systematic Review

Öz

Aim: Screening programmes are of great importance, aiming to detect and treat lesions at an early stage before they progress to tumours. The aim of this systematic review is to examine the effects of telephone interventions on cancer early diagnosis and screening applications. 
Methods: For the study, PubMed, Cochrane, Sciencedirect, Web of Science, ProQuest Central and Google Scholar databases were searched using the identified keywords. A total of 11 randomized controlled studies that met the inclusion criteria, published in English and Turkish language, published between 2013-2023, were included in this systematic study. For quality assessments, checklists for “Randomized Controlled Studies created by the Joanna Briggs Institute” and in bias assessments, “A revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials” designed by the Cochrane group were used.
Results: It is seen that the individual-specific or non-personalized reminder messages and counseling over the phone were effective in 6/9 studies with individuals between 39-7968, in 4 months-3.5 years. The telephone was used to make appointments and complete the cancer screening program for colonoscopy and colorectal screening with stool occult blood, breast and cervical cancer screening with mammography. 
Conclusion: It is recommended to integrate reminder messages and telephone counseling into cancer early diagnosis and screening programs, and to conduct more studies that will lead to clinical and academic arrangements that will increase the quality of presentation and service regarding telehealth methods.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cancer
• diagnostic screening programs
• telenursing
• telephone

Telefon Müdahalelerinin Bireylerin Kanser Erken Teşhis ve Tarama Başvurularına Etkisi: Sistematik Derleme

Öz

Amaç: Tarama programları lezyonların tümörlere ilerlemeden erken evrede saptanıp tedavisinin sağlanmasını amaçlayarak ciddi önem taşımaktadır. Bu sistematik derlemenin amacı, telefon müdahalelerinin bireylerin kanser erken teşhis ve tarama başvurularına etkisini incelemektir. 
Yöntem: Çalışma için PubMed, Cochrane, Sciencedirect, Web of Science, ProQuest Central ve Google Scholar veri tabanları belirlenen anahtar kelimeler kullanılarak taranmıştır. Taramalar sonunda; İngilizce dilinde, 2013-2023 yılları arasında yayınlanmış, tam metnine ulaşılan, dahil edilme kriterlerine uyan 11 randomize kontrollü çalışma araştırma kapsamına alınmıştır. Çalışmaların kalite değerlendirmeleri Joanna Briggs Enstitüsü tarafından oluşturulmuş randomize kontrollü çalışmalar için kontrol listesi; yanlılık değerlendirmeleri ise Cochrane grubunun tasarlamış olduğu “Randomize çalışmalar için revize edilmiş Cochrane yanlılık riski aracı (RoB 2)” kullanılarak yapılmıştır. 
Bulgular: Kişiye özgü ya da kişiye özgü olmayan standart hatırlatma mesajları ile telefonla danışmanlığın, örneklem büyüklüğü 39 ile 7968 arasında değişen ve müdahale süresi 4 ay ile 3,5 yıl arasında olan çalışmaların 6/9’unda etkili olduğu görülmüştür. Telefon kolonoskopi ve gaitada gizli kan ile kolorektal; mamografi ile meme ve serviks kanseri tarama tetkikleri için randevu alma ve kanser tarama programını tamamlamada kullanılmıştır. 
Sonuç: Hatırlatma mesajları ve telefonla danışmanlığın, kanser erken teşhis ve tarama programlarına entegre edilmesi, tele sağlık yöntemleriyle ilgili sunum ve hizmet kalitesini arttıracak klinik ve akademik boyuttaki düzenlemelere öncülük edecek daha fazla çalışma yapılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kanser
• telefon
• telefonla hemşirelik
• teşhis tarama programları

Kaynakça

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