Kronik Ağrı Yönetiminde Beslenme Tedavisinin Rolü

Öz

Kronik ağrı, üç aydan uzun süren veya tekrarlayıcı nitelikte olan ağrı olarak tanımlanmakta ve dünya genelinde milyonlarca insanı etkileyen önemli bir halk sağlığı problemi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Günlük yaşam kalitesini önemli ölçüde düşüren, fiziksel, psikolojik ve sosyal sorunlara yol açabilen bu durum, bireylerin yaşamlarını uzun süreli olarak olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir. Kronik ağrının oluşum mekanizmaları henüz tam olarak aydınlatılamamış olsa da, son yıllarda yapılan bilimsel araştırmalar, bazı biyolojik süreçlerin bu durumun gelişiminde rol oynayabileceğini göstermektedir. Bu süreçler arasında oksidatif stres, inflamasyon, artmış vücut ağırlığı ve bağırsak mikrobiyotasında görülen dengesizlik (disbiyozis) öne çıkmaktadır. Dikkat çekici olan nokta ise bu faktörlerin çoğunun doğrudan ya da dolaylı olarak beslenme ile yakından ilişki içinde olmasıdır. Bu nedenle, beslenmenin kronik ağrının oluşumu ve şiddeti üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmak, ağrıyı azaltmaya yönelik beslenme temelli yaklaşımların geliştirilmesini mümkün kılabilir. Bu derlemede, kronik ağrı patogenezinde rol oynayan olası biyolojik mekanizmalar ele alınmakta ve beslenme tedavisinin bu süreçteki yeri ve potansiyel katkıları incelenmektedir. Böylece, kronik ağrının önlenmesi ve yönetiminde tamamlayıcı bir yaklaşım olarak beslenmenin önemi vurgulanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kronik ağrı
• oksidatif stres
• inflamasyon
• disbiyozis
• beslenme

The Role of Nutrition Therapy in the Management of Chronic Pain

Öz

Chronic pain is defined as pain lasting longer than three months or recurring in nature and is considered a major public health problem affecting millions of people worldwide. This condition, which significantly reduces quality of daily life and may lead to physical, psychological, and social problems, can negatively affect individuals' lives over the long term. Although the mechanisms underlying the development of chronic pain have not yet been fully understood, recent scientific studies suggest that certain biological processes may play a role in its development. Among these processes, oxidative stress, inflammation, increased body weight, and imbalance in gut microbiota (dysbiosis) are particularly prominent. Notably, most of these factors are closely associated with nutrition either directly or indirectly. Therefore, investigating the effects of nutrition on the development and severity of chronic pain may enable the development of nutrition-based approaches aimed at reducing pain. This review discusses the possible biological mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of chronic pain and examines the role and potential contributions of nutrition therapy in this process. Thus, the importance of nutrition as a complementary approach in the prevention and management of chronic pain is emphasized.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Chronic pain
• oxidative stress
• inflammation
• dysbiosis
• nutrition

Kaynakça

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