Effect of Kinesiotape on Hand Functions in Stroke Patients

Öz

Aim: Despite the frequent use of kinesiotape (KT) in musculoskeletal disorders, there is insufficient data on its effectiveness in stroke patients. Several studies have evaluated the effect of KT on lower extremity functions, upper limb lymphedema and reflex sympathetic dystrophy in stroke patients, but as far as we know there is no study evaluating its effects on hand functions. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the acute phase effect on hand function of KT application in hemiplegic patients.

Method: Twenty patients who had an ischemic / hemorrhagic stroke within the last 1 year were included into the study. All patients were treated with KT application to the forearm extensor muscle region, 3 times in total for 3 days. All patients' demographic characteristics [age, gender, education, smoking, diabetes (DM), hypertension (HT), type and duration of cerebrovascular disease, hemiplegic side, dominant hand] were recorded.

The severity of the disease was assessed by the National Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) index, hand functions were assessed by two-step Minnesota hand skill test (nine-hole test),  hand functional index before and after KT application (end of 3rd week ) and hand grip strength by dynamometer.

Findings: Thirteen male and seven female patients were included in the study at an average age of 61±6 years. 45% of the patients had a short duration diagnosis of 3 months, 100% had HT, 85% had DM. Ischemic type was the most frequently seen stroke types with a frequency of 90%. Significant differences were observed in hand grip strength (p=0.001), hand functional index (p<0.001) and nine-hole test duration (p=0.001) after 3 weeks of KT application.

Conclusion: KT has a positive effect on hand functions in the acute phase in stroke rehabilitation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Stroke,kinesiotape,rehabilitation,upper extremity

İnme Hastalarında Kinezyobantlamanın El Fonksiyonlarına Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Kas iskelet sistemi bozukluklarında kinezyobantlama (KT) sıklıkla kullanılmasına rağmen, inme hastalarında etkinliği hakkında yeterli veri yoktur. Birkaç çalışmada inme hastalarında KT'in alt ekstremite fonksiyonlarına, üst ekstremite lenfödem ve refleks sempatik distrofideki etkisi değerlendirilmiş fakat bildiğimiz kadarıyla el fonksiyonlarına etkisi üzerine ise çalışma yoktur. Bu çalışmamızın amacı hemiplejik hastalarda KT uygulamanın el fonksiyonlarına akut dönem etkisini değerlendirmektir.

Yöntem: Çalışmamıza son 1 yıl içinde iskemik/hemorajik inme geçiren 20 hasta dâhil edildi. Tüm hastalara 3 gün süreli toplamda 3 kez önkol ekstansör kas bölgesine KT uygulaması yapıldı. Tüm hastaların demografik özellikleri (yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim, sigara kullanımı, diyabet (DM), hipertansiyon (HT), serebrovasküler hastalık tipi ve süresi, hemiplejik taraf, dominant el) kayıt edildi.

Hastalığın şiddeti Ulusal Sağlık İnme Skalası (NIHSS) indeksi, el fonksiyonları uygulama öncesi ve sonrası (3. haftanın sonu) el fonksiyonel indeksi, iki aşamalı Minnesota el beceri testi (dokuz delikli test) ile el kavrama gücü ise dinamometre ile değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya ortalama 61±6 yaşlarında 13 erkek, 7 kadın hasta dâhil edildi. Hastaların %45’i 3 aydan kısa süreli tanı almıştı, %100 HT, %85 DM hastası idi. İnme tiplerinden en sık %90 ile iskemik tipi görüldü. Tutulan taraf sağ ve sol eşit oranda idi.

Hastaların tedavi öncesi ve 3 haftalık KT uygulaması sonrası el kavrama gücü (p=0,001), el fonksiyonel indeksi (p=0,00) ve dokuz delikli test süresinde (p=0,001) anlamlı farklılık gözlendi.

Sonuç: KT uygulaması inme rehabilitasyonunda akut dönemde el fonksiyonlarına olumlu etkide bulunmaktadır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• rehabilitasyon,İnme,kinezyobantlama,üst ekstremite

Kaynakça

1. Williams S, Whatman C, Hume PA, Sheerin K. Kinesio taping in treatment and prevention of sports injuries: a meta-analysis of the evidence for its effectiveness. Sports Med. 2012;42(2):153-164. doi: 10.2165/11594960-000000000-00000.
2. Anandkumar S. Kinesio tape management for superficial radial nerve entrapment: a case report. Physiother Theory Pract. 2013;29(3):232-241. doi:10.3109/09593985.2012.717589.
3. Bell A, Muller M. Effects of kinesio tape to reduce hand edema in acute stroke. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2013;20(3):283-288. doi: 10.1310/tsr2003-283.
4. Meyer BC, Hemmen TM, Jackson CM, Lyden PD. Modified National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale for use in stroke clinical trials: prospective reliability and validity. Stroke. 2002;33(5):1261–1266.
5. Tesio L, Simone A, Zebellin G, Rota V, Malfitano C, Perucca L. Bimanual dexterity assessment: validation of a revised form of the turning subtest from the Minnesota Dexterity Test. Int J Rehabil Res. 2016;39(1):57-62. doi: 10.1097/MRR.0000000000000145.
6. Surrey LR, Nelson K, Delelio C, et al. A comparison of performance outcomes between the Minnesota Rate of Manipulation Test and the Minnesota Manual Dexterity Test. Work. 2003;20(2):97-102.
7. Craig LE, Wu O, Bernhardt J, Langhorne P. Approaches to economic evaluations of stroke rehabilitation. Int J Stroke. 2014;9(1):88-100. doi: 10.1111/ijs.12041.
8. Richards CL, Malouin F, Nadeau S. Stroke rehabilitation: clinical picture, assessment, and therapeutic challenge. Prog Brain Res. 2015;218:253-280. doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2015.01.003.

9. İnanç Y, Arlıer Z, Giray S, İnanç Y. Demographic characteristics of patients who recovered or worsened after intravenous thrombolysis within 24 hours of acute ischemic stroke. Neurol Sci Neurophysiol. 2018;35:29-33.
10. Pizac DA, Swanik CB, Glutting JJ, Kaminski TW. Evaluating postural control and ankle laxity between taping and high-top cleats in high school football players. J Sport Rehabil. 2018;27(2):111-117.
11. Morris D, Jones D, Ryan H, Ryan CG. The clinical effects of Kinesio® Tex taping: A systematic review. Physiother Theory Pract. 2013;29(4):259-270. doi: 10.3109/09593985.2012.731675.
12. Ortiz-Ramirez J, Perez-De la Cruz S. [Efficacy of the application of kinesio tape in patients with stroke]. Rev Neurol. 2017;64(4):175-179.
13. Taylor RL, O'Brien L, Brown T. A scoping review of the use of elastic therapeutic tape for neck or upper extremity conditions. J Hand Ther. 2014;27(3):235-245. doi: 10.1016/j.jht.2014.03.004.
14. Mostafavifar M, Wertz J, Borchers J. A systematic review of the effectiveness of kinesio taping for musculoskeletal injury. Phys Sportsmed. 2012;40(4):33-40. doi: 10.3810/psm.2012.11.1986.
15. Szczegielniak J, Łuniewski J, Bogacz K, Sliwiński Z. The use of kinesiology taping method in patients with rheumatoid hand--pilot study. Ortop Traumatol Rehabil. 2012;14(1):23-30.
16. Kaneko S, Takasaki H. Forearm pain, diagnosed as intersection syndrome, managed by taping: a case series. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2011;41(7):514-519. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2011.3569.
17. Chang HY, Chou KY, Lin JJ, Lin CF, Wang CH. Immediate effect of forearm Kinesio taping on maximal grip strength and force sense in healthy collegiate athletes. Phys Ther Sport. 2010;11(4):122-127. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2010.06.007.
18. Koseoglu BF, Dogan A, Tatli HU, Sezgin Ozcan D, Polat CS. Can kinesio tape be used as an ankle training method in the rehabilitation of the stroke patients? Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2017;27:46-51. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2017.03.002.
19. Ekiz T, Aslan MD, Özgirgin N. Effects of Kinesio Tape application to quadriceps muscles on isokinetic muscle strength, gait, and functional parameters in patients with stroke. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2015;52(3):323-331. doi: 10.1682/JRRD.2014.10.0243.
20. Huang YC, Chang KH, Liou TH, Cheng CW, Lin LF, Huang SW. Effects of Kinesio taping for stroke patients with hemiplegic shoulder pain: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. J Rehabil Med. 2017;49(3):208-215. doi: 10.2340/16501977-2197.
21. Kalichman L, Frenkel-Toledo S, Vered E, et al. Effect of kinesio tape application on hemiplegic shoulder pain and motor ability: a pilot study. Int J Rehabil Res. 2016;39(3):272-276. doi: 10.1097/MRR.0000000000000167.
22. Lee DH, Kim WJ, Oh JS, Chang M. Taping of the elbow extensor muscle in chronic stroke patients: comparison between before and after three-dimensional motion analysis. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015;27(7):2101-2103. doi: 10.1589/jpts.27.2101.
23. Anandkumar S, Manivasagam M. Multimodal physical therapy management of a 48-year-old female with post-stroke complex regional pain syndrome. Physiother Theory Pract. 2014;30(1):38-48. doi: 10.3109/09593985.2013.814186.
24. Park YH, Lee JH. Effects of proprioceptive sense-based Kinesio taping on walking imbalance. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016;28(11):3060-3062. doi: 10.3109/09593985.2012.731675.
25. Karahan AY, Yildirim P, Kucuksarac S, et al. Effect of Kinesio taping on elbow muscle strength in healthy individuals: A randomized trial 1. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2017;30(2):317-323. doi: 10.3233/BMR-160529.
26. Bravi R, Cohen EJ, Quarta E, Martinelli A, Minciacchi D. Effect of direction and tension of kinesio taping application on sensorimotor coordination. Int J Sports Med. 2016;37(11):909-914. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-109777.
27. Dilek B, Batmaz I, Sarıyıldız MA, et al. Kinesio taping in patients with lateral epicondylitis. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2016;29(4):853-858.
28. Rigoldi C, Galli M, Celletti C, Blow D, Camerota F, Albertini G. Does neuromuscular taping influence hand kinesiology? A pilot study on Down's Syndrome. Clin Ter. 2015;166(4):257-263. doi: 10.7417/T.2015.1870.
29. Keklicek H, Uygur F, Yakut Y. Effects of taping the hand in children with cerebral palsy. J Hand Ther. 2015;28(1):27-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jht.2014.09.007.
30. Bravi R, Quarta E, Cohen EJ, Gottard A, Minciacchi D. A little elastic for a better performance: kinesiotaping of the motor effector modulates neural mechanisms for rhythmic movements. Front Syst Neurosci. 2014;8:181. doi: 10.3389/fnsys.2014.00181.
31. Villafañe JH, Valdes K. Mobilization with movement and elastic tape application for the conservative management of carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis. J Hand Ther. 2015;28(1):82-84. doi: 10.1016/j.jht.2014.08.001.
32. Kaya E, Zinnuroglu M, Tugcu I. Kinesio taping compared to physical therapy modalities for the treatment of shoulder impingement syndrome. Clin Rheumatol. 2011;30(2):201-207. doi: 10.1007/s10067-010-1475-6.