Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation in COVID-19 Disease: A Review Article

Öz

COVID-19 is a highly contagious disease that primarily causes respiratory dysfunction in individuals, as well as psychological, physical and systemic dysfunctions. Most of the patients are between the ages of 20-60 and its incidence is higher in men than in women. In the literature, there is very little information about physiotherapy and rehabilitation applications to be applied in the acute and post-acute period in COVID-19 disease. Existing data reveal that physiotherapy and rehabilitation applications in the acute phase should be performed as individual-based, by considering the benefits and risks. The clinical condition and rehabilitation needs of the patient vary according to the stage of the disease. Physiotherapy and rehabilitation program should be decided with a multidisciplinary approach and when the patient's condition stabilizes, appropriate approaches should be applied considering the clinical condition of the patient in line with the determined goals. This review has been written to both guide physiotherapists about COVID-19 disease and to provide information about physiotherapy and rehabilitation methods that can be applied according to the severity of the disease.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVID-19
• physiotherapy and rehabilitation
• pulmonary rehabilitation

COVID-19 Hastalığında Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon: Bir Derleme Makalesi

Öz

COVID-19, kişilerde öncelikli olarak solunumsal fonksiyon bozukluklarına yol açan, bunun yanı sıra psikolojik, fiziksel ve sistemik işlev bozukluklarına neden olan bulaşıcılık oranı yüksek olan bir hastalıktır. Hastaların büyük bir kısmını 20-60 yaş aralığındaki bireyler oluşturmaktadır ve erkeklerde görülme sıklığı kadınlara göre daha fazladır. Literatürde COVID-19 hastalığında akut ve post-akut dönemde uygulanacak olan fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon uygulamaları ile ilgili çok az bilgi bulunmaktadır. Mevcut veriler, akut dönemde fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon uygulamalarının yarar ve riskler gözetilerek bireysel temelli olarak yapılmasını ortaya koymaktadır. Hastalığın evresine göre hastanın klinik durumu ve rehabilitasyon ihtiyaçları değişmektedir. Fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon programına, multidisipliner yaklaşımla karar verilmeli ve hastanın durumu stabilleştiğinde, belirlenen hedefler doğrultusunda uygun olan yaklaşımlar hastanın klinik durumu gözetilerek uygulanmalıdır. Bu derleme, COVID-19 hastalığı hakkında hem fizyoterapistlere yol göstermek hem de hastalığın şiddetine göre uygulanabilecek olan fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon yöntemleri konusunda bilgi vermek amacıyla yazılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• pulmoner rehabilitasyon
• COVID-19
• fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon

Kaynakça

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