Can Skin Aging be Reversible by Anti-Aging Treatments with Genetic Analysis?

Yıl 2023, , 1242 - 1250, 05.01.2024

Özlem Özge Yılmaz , Tolga Polat , Beste Tacal Aslan , Korkut Ulucan

https://doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.987140

Öz

Skin aging is affected by internal and external factors. The stratum corneum consists of keratinocytes, and as these mature in the epidermis, their proliferative potential gradually decreases and the skin undergoes programmed destruction. There are many single nucleotid polymorphism (SNP)s associated with skin aging. The COL1A1, MMP1, and CYP1A2 genes are responsible for collagen degradation and production. Changes in these genes affect collagen degradation and production. The MCR1 and STXBP5L genes are important for ultraviolet (UV) protection and moisturizing the skin. Due to changes in these genes, the skin cannot be well protected from UV rays, and skin aging accelerates. As free radicals in the skin increase, oxidative stress increases. The SOD2, GPX1, and GSTP1 genes play a role in protecting the body against oxidative stress. Also, coenzyme Q10 acts against oxidative stress. The change in the NQO1 gene cannot convert coenzyme Q10 to its active form, ubiquinol, which causes increased oxidative stress in the skin. Another factor that affects the aging of the skin is the aggressive immune system. The TNF-α gene influences the inflammatory responses generated by the immune system. If the TNF-α gene is not working properly, it can create an overly aggressive reaction and damage tissue. In addition, vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant, and changes in the APOA5 gene cause vitamin E deficiency. This affects the protection of the skin from UV rays. Another important vitamin for the skin is vitamin C, and the SLC23A1 gene is involved in vitamin C transport. Changes in this gene cause vitamin C deficiency and affect oxidative stress and collagen production in the skin. These polymorphisms affect the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that affect the aging of the skin. In order for individuals to prevent skin aging, these polymorphisms should be analyzed, and skin aging can be delayed with skin care products suitable for the person.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Skin, aging, internal factors, external factors, polymorphisms

Cilt Yaşlanması, Genetik Analizli Yaşlanma Karşıtı Tedavilerle Geri Döndürülebilir Mi?

Öz

Cilt yaşlanması iç ve dış faktörlerden etkilenir. Stratum corneum keratinositlerden oluşur ve bunlar epidermisi olgunlaştırdıkça proliferatif potansiyelleri yavaş yavaş azalır ve cilt programlanmış yıkıma uğrar. Cilt yaşlanması ile ilişkili birçok tek nükleotid polimorfizm (SNP) vardır. COL1A1, MMP1 ve CYP1A2 genleri, kolajen yıkımı ve üretiminden sorumludur. Bu genlerdeki değişiklikler kolajen yıkımını ve üretimini etkiler. MCR1 ve STXBP5L genleri, ultraviyole (UV) koruması ve cildi nemlendirmek için önemlidir. Bu genlerdeki değişiklikler nedeniyle cilt UV ışınlarından iyi korunamaz ve cilt yaşlanması hızlanır. Derideki serbest radikaller arttıkça oksidatif stres artar. SOD2, GPX1 ve GSTP1 genleri vücudun oksidatif strese karşı korunmasında rol oynar. Ayrıca koenzim Q10 oksidatif strese karşı da etki eder. NQO1 genindeki değişiklik, koenzim Q10'u aktif formu olan ubiquinol'e dönüştüremez ve bu da ciltte oksidatif stresin artmasına neden olur. Cildin yaşlanmasını etkileyen bir diğer faktör de agresif bağışıklık sistemidir. TNF-α geni, bağışıklık sistemi tarafından üretilen inflamatuar yanıtları etkiler. TNF-α geni düzgün çalışmıyorsa, aşırı agresif bir reaksiyon oluşturabilir ve dokuya zarar verebilir. Ayrıca E Vitamini güçlü bir antioksidandır ve APOA5 genindeki değişiklikler E vitamini eksikliğine neden olur. Bu, cildin UV ışınlarından korunmasını etkiler. Cilt için bir diğer önemli vitamin ise C vitaminidir ve SLC23A1 geni C vitamini taşınmasında rol oynar. Bu gendeki değişiklikler C vitamini eksikliğine neden olur ve ciltte oksidatif stres ve kolajen üretimini etkiler. Bu polimorfizmler cildin yaşlanmasını etkileyen içsel ve dışsal faktörleri etkiler. Bireylerin cilt yaşlanmasının önüne geçebilmesi için bu polimorfizmlerin analiz edilmesi ve kişiye uygun cilt bakım ürünleri ile cilt yaşlanmasının geciktirilmesi sağlanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cilt, yaşlanma, iç faktörler, dış faktörler, polimorfizmler

Kaynakça

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