COVID-19 Pandemisinin Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Kaygı Düzeylerine Etkisi

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 12, 379 - 397, 29.12.2020

Özlem Akman , Dilek Yıldırım , Aklime Sarıkaya

https://doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.757110

Cited By: 9

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada COVID-19 pandemisinin hemşirelik öğrencilerinin kaygı düzeyleri üzerine etkisini incelemek amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Araştırma, tanımlayıcı, korelasyonel ve kesitsel araştırma tasarımda yürütülmüş ve Nisan-Mayıs 2020 tarihleri arasında tamamlanmıştır. Araştırmada veriler “Sosyodemografik ve COVID-19 Pandemi Bilgi ve Tutum Formu” ve “Durumluk ve Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri” ile toplandı. Araştırma verileri internet ortamında Google anket formu şeklinde düzenlenerek mail adreslerine gönderildi. Öğrenciler anket formunu doldurduktan sonra araştırmacıların mail adreslerine tekrar geri gönderdi. Çalışmanın yürütülebilmesi için Sağlık Bakanlığı Bilimsel Araştırmalar Kurulu’ndan ve Etik Kurul’dan izin alındı.

Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 22,61±1,70 yıl idi. Koronavirüs hakkındaki bilgi düzeyleri arttıkça, sürekli kaygı düzeylerinin de arttığı (p=0,004), koronavirüs bulaşmasını önlemek için etkili el yıkama düzeyini yeterli buldukça sürekli kaygı düzeylerinin azaldığı saptandı (p=0,040). Koronavirüsün bulaşması hakkındaki endişe düzeyleri arttıkça, hem durumluluk hem de sürekli kaygı puanlarının arttığı (p<0,05), aile bireylerine bulaşması hakkındaki endişeleri arttıkça, durumluluk kaygı düzeylerinin arttığı görüldü (p=0,005).

Sonuç: COVID-19 pandemisinin hemşirelik öğrencilerinin kaygısını artırdığı belirlendi. Sağlık profesyoneli olacak hemşirelik öğrencilerine, COVID-19 ilişkili kaygılarına yönelik bilgi, tutumlarını ve başa çıkmada kullandıkları baş etme yöntemlerini geliştirmeye yardımcı olmak için eğitim verilmesinin iyi bir yöntem olacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle, derslerde veya bağımsız seminer, konferans gibi bilimsel etkinliklerde COVID-19 ilişkili eğitimlerin sunulması, öğrencilerin duyguları ve düşünceleri hakkında konuşmaya cesaretlendirilmesi, danışmanlık hizmetlerinin verilmesi ve konunun olgu tartışmaları ile somutlaştırılması gerektiği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

hemşirelik öğrencileri, COVID-19, kaygı, pandemi

The Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Nursing Students’ Anxiety Levels

Öz

Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of the COVID-19 epidemic on the anxiety levels of nursing students.

Method: This research was conducted in a descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional design, and it was completed between April-May 2020. In the study, the data were collected with “Socio-demographic and COVID-19 Pandemic Knowledge and Attitudes of Nursing Students Information Form” and “State and Trait Anxiety Inventory”. The research data were arranged on the internet in the form of a Google survey form and sent to e-mail addresses. Written consent was obtained from the Ministry of Health Scientific Research Board and the Ethics Committee in order to carry out the study.

Results: The students’ mean age was 22.61±1.70. It was found that as the level of knowledge about COVID-19 increased, their trait anxiety levels also increased (p=0,004), and as they found the effective hand washing level to be sufficient to prevent coronavirus transmission, their trait anxiety levels decreased (p=0,040). It was observed that both state and trait anxiety scores increased as their anxiety levels about coronavirus transmission increased (p<0,05), and the level of state anxiety rose as the worries about the transmission to family members increased (p=0,005).

Conclusion: It was determined that the COVID-19 pandemic increased the anxiety level of nursing students. The study concluded that it would be a good method to provide training to help nursing students, who will become health professionals, in developing their attitudes and knowledge of COVID-19-related anxiety and coping methods used to deal with anxiety. Therefore, it was considered that COVID-19-related training should be provided in courses or scientific activities such as independent seminars and conferences; students should be encouraged to talk about their feelings and thoughts, consultancy services should be provided and this issue should be further investigated using case studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, anxiety, nursing students, pandemic

Teşekkür

As the authors, we thank all students who participated in the study.

Kaynakça

• Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health Department of Public Health. Covid-19 Sars-Cov-2 Infection Guide Study of Science Board. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019 Accessed date 22 May 2020.
• Chong MY, Wang WC, Hsieh WC, et al. Psychological impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome on health workers in a tertiary hospital. The British Journal of Psychiatry. 2004;185:127-133.
• Wu P, Fang Y, Guan Z, et al. The psychological impact of the SARS epidemic on hospital employees in China: exposure, risk perception, and altruistic acceptance of risk. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. 2009;54(5):302-311.
• Wu KK, Chan SK, Ma TM. Posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depression in survivors of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Journal of Traumatic Stress. 2005;18(1):39-42.
• Hawryluck L, Gold WL, Robinson S, Pogorski S, Galea S, Styra R. SARS control and psychological effects of Quarantine, Toronto, Canada. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004;10:1206-1212.
• Maunder RG, Lancee WJ, Balderson KE, et al. Long-term psychological and occupational effects of providing hospital healthcare during SARS outbreak. Emerging infectious diseases. 2006;12(12):1924-1932.
• Maunder R, Hunter J, Vincent L, et al. The immediate psychological and occupational impact of the 2003 SARS outbreak in a teaching hospital. Can. Med. Assoc. 2003;168(10):1245-1251.
• Wang W, Tang J, Wei F. Updated understanding of the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China. J Med Virol. 2020;92:441-447.
• Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, et al. Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease. JAMA Network Open. 2020;3:e203976.
• Adams JG, Walls RM. Supporting the health care workforce during the COVID-19 global epidemic. JAMA. 2020;323(15):1439-1440.
• Kang L, Ma S, Chen M, et al. Impact on mental health and perceptions of psychological care among medical and nursing staff in Wuhan during the 2019 novel coronavirus disease outbreak: a cross-sectional study. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. 2020;87:11-17.
• Oflaz F. COVID-19 and Mental Health of Healthcare Professionals. 2020. https://korona.hasuder.org.tr/covid-19-ve-saglik-calisanlarinin-ruh-sagligi/ Accessed date 30 April 2020.
• Lai CC, Shih TP, Ko WC, Tang HJ, Hsueh PR. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19): the epidemic and the challenges. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents. 2020;55(3):105924.
• Nemati M, Ebrahimi B, Nemati F. Assessment of Iranian nurses’ knowledge and anxiety toward COVID-19 during the current outbreak in Iran. Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2020:e102848.
• Kocabaşoğlu N. An overview of anxiety disorders. i.u. faculty of medicine continuing medical education activities. Symposium series 175 common psychiatric disorders in Turkey. 2008;62(1):175-184.
• Karamustafalıoğlu O, Yumrukçal H. Depression and anxiety disorders. Şişli Etfal Hospital Medical Bulletin. 2011;45(2):65-74.
• Mc Sharry P, Timmens F. An evaluation of the effectiveness of a dedicated health and wellbeing course on nursing students health. Nurse Educ. Today. 2016;44(1):26-32.
• Öner N, Le Compte A. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Handbook. 2nd Edition. Istanbul: Boğaziçi University Publications; 1985.
• Eriksson C, Vande Kemp H, Gorsuch R, Hoke S, Foy DW. Trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms in international relief and development personnel. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 2001;14(1):205-211.
• Bao Y, Sun Y, Meng S, Shi J, Lu L. 2019-nCoV epidemic: address mental health care to empower society. The Lancet. 2020;395(10224):e37-e38.
• Mei SL, Yu JX, He BW, Li JY. Psychological investigation of university students in a university in Jilin province. Med Soc (Berkeley). 2011;24(05):84-86.
• Huang Y, Zhao N. Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 epidemic in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey. Psychiatry Research. 2020;288:112954-112960.
• Al-Rabiaah A, Temsah MH, Al-Eyadhy AA, et al. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Corona Virus (MERS-CoV) associated stress among medical students at a university teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia. J Infect Public Health. 2020;13(5):687-691.
• Kierkegaard S. Concept of Anxiety. Ankara: Hece Publications; 2004.
• Kutluoğlu Karayel AH. Coping Methods with Corona Virus from a Psychological Perspective. IHH Humanitarian and Social Research Center. https://insamer.com/rsm/icerik/dosya/dosya_2797.pdf Accessed date 6 May 2020.
• Brooks SK, Webster RK, Smith L, et al. The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. Lancet. 2020;395(14):912-920.
• Chan, JF, Yuan S, Kok KH, et al. A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):514-523.
• Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):497-506.
• Wu D, Jiang C, He C, Li C, Yang L, Yue, Y. Stressors of nurses in psychiatric hospitals during the COVID-19 outbreak. Psychiatry Research. 2020;288:112956-112958.
• Zhang Y, Ma ZF. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and quality of life among local residents in Liaoning Province, China: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020;17(7):2381-2393.