Comparison of Liver Venous Deprivation and Portal Vein Embolization for Future Liver Remnant Hypertrophy: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Yıl 2025,
Sayı: 26, 697 - 708, 31.08.2025
Çağrı Erdim
,
Tevfik Güzelbey
,
Mehmet Cingöz
,
Mustafa Fatih Arslan
,
Ali Dablan
,
Oğuzhan Türksayar
,
Mehmet Hamza Türkcanoğlu
,
Hüseyin Kılavuz
,
İlhan Nahit Mutlu
,
Özgür Kılıçkesmez
Öz
Aim: This study aimed to compare the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of liver venous deprivation (LVD) and portal vein embolization (PVE) in inducing future liver remnant (FLR) hypertrophy prior to major hepatectomy.
Method: In this retrospective single-center study, 38 patients who underwent PVE (n=29) or LVD (n=9) between June 2020 and January 2025 were analyzed. Patients were selected based on small FLR volume requiring preoperative hypertrophy induction. Pre- and post-procedural liver volumetric measurements were performed using contrast-enhanced CT, and standardized FLR (sFLR) percentages were calculated. Clinical outcomes, including postoperative complications and mortality, were also evaluated.
Results: Among 38 patients, 21 (15 PVE and 6 LVD) proceeded to surgery. Although pre-procedural sFLR percentages were similar between groups (19.5±2.0% for PVE vs. 19.9±2.6% for LVD; p=0.806), post-procedural sFLR percentages were significantly higher in the LVD group (33.4±5.1% vs. 24.5±5.1%, p=0.012). The mean degree of standardized FLR hypertrophy, expressed as an absolute percentage point increase was significantly greater in the LVD group (13.5% vs. 5%, p=0.009), and the percentage FLR increase was higher (68.6±20.7% vs. 24.7±15.6%, p=0.006). No significant differences were observed in postoperative complication rates (16.6% vs. 20%, p=0.601) or mortality (16.7% vs. 13.3%, p=0.847).
Conclusion: LVD demonstrated superior FLR hypertrophy compared to PVE while maintaining a comparable safety profile. LVD may offer an effective alternative for patients with small baseline FLR volumes at high risk of insufficient liver regeneration. Further prospective studies are warranted to confirm these findings and define the optimal clinical indications for LVD.
Kaynakça
-
1. Abulkhir A, Limongelli P, Healey AJ, et al. Preoperative portal vein embolization for major liver resection. Ann Surg. 2008;247(1):49-57. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31815f6e5b.
-
2. Shindoh J, Vauthey JN, Zimmitti G, et al. Analysis of the efficacy of portal vein embolization for patients with extensive liver malignancy and very low future liver remnant volume, including a comparison with the associating liver partition with portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy approach. J Am Coll Surg. 2013;217(1):126-133. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2013.03.004.
-
3. Kinoshita H, Sakai K, Hirohashi K, Igawa S, Yamasaki O, Kubo S. Preoperative portal vein embolization for hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Surg. 1986;10(5):803-808. doi: 10.1007/BF01655244.
-
4. van Lienden KP, van den Esschert JW, de Graaf W, et al. portal vein embolization before liver resection: A systematic review. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2013;36(1):25-34. doi: 10.1007/s00270-012-0440-y
-
5. Yokoyama Y, Nagino M, Nimura Y. mechanisms of hepatic regeneration following portal vein embolization and partial hepatectomy: A review. World J Surg. 2007;31(2):367-374. doi: 10.1007/s00268-006-0526-2
-
6. Imamura H, Shimada R, Kubota M, et al. Preoperative portal vein embolization: An audit of 84 patients. Hepatology. 1999;29(4):1099-1105. doi: 10.1002/hep.510290415
-
7. Hwang S, Lee SG, Ko GY, et al. Sequential preoperative ipsilateral hepatic vein embolization after portal vein embolization to induce further liver regeneration in patients with hepatobiliary malignancy. Ann Surg. 2009;249(4):608-616. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31819ecc5c
-
8. Ko G, Hwang S, Sung K, Gwon D, Lee S. Interventional oncology: new options for interstitial treatments and intravascular approaches. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2010;17(4):410-412. doi: 10.1007/s00534-009-0235-y
-
9. Guiu B, Chevallier P, Denys A, et al. Simultaneous trans-hepatic portal and hepatic vein embolization before major hepatectomy: the liver venous deprivation technique. Eur Radiol. 2016;26(12):4259-4267. doi: 10.1007/s00330-016-4291-9
-
10. Guiu B, Quenet F, Escal L, et al. Extended liver venous deprivation before major hepatectomy induces marked and very rapid increase in future liver remnant function. Eur Radiol. 2017;27(8):3343-3352. doi: 10.1007/s00330-017-4744-9
-
11. Mosteller R. Simplified calculation of body-surface area. New England Journal of Medicine. 1987;317(17):1098-1098. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198710223171717
-
12. Vauthey JN, Chaoui A, Do KA, et al. Standardized measurement of the future liver remnant prior to extended liver resection: Methodology and clinical associations. Surgery. 2000;127(5):512-519. doi: 10.1067/msy.2000.105294
-
13. Vauthey JN, Abdalla EK, Doherty DA, et al. Body surface area and body weight predict total liver volume in Western adults. Liver Transplantation. 2002;8(3):233-240. doi: 10.1053/jlts.2002.31654
-
14. Heil J, Korenblik R, Heid F, et al. Preoperative portal vein or portal and hepatic vein embolization: DRAGON collaborative group analysis. British Journal of Surgery. 2021;108(7):834-842. doi: 10.1093/bjs/znaa149
-
15. Bell RJ, Hakeem AR, Pandanaboyana S, Davidson BR, Prasad RK, Dasari BVM. Portal vein embolization versus dual vein embolization for management of the future liver remnant in patients undergoing major hepatectomy: meta-analysis. BJS Open. 2022;6(6). doi: 10.1093/bjsopen/zrac131
-
16. Schnitzbauer AA, Lang SA, Goessmann H, et al. Right portal vein ligation combined with ın situ splitting ınduces rapid left lateral liver lobe hypertrophy enabling 2-staged extended right hepatic resection in small-for-size settings. Ann Surg. 2012;255(3):405-414. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31824856f5
-
17. May B, Madoff D. Portal vein embolization: rationale, technique, and current application. Semin Intervent Radiol. 2012;29(02):081-089. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1312568
-
18. Chaouch MA, Mazzotta A, da Costa AC, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of liver venous deprivation versus portal vein embolization before hepatectomy: future liver volume, postoperative outcomes, and oncological safety. Front Med (Lausanne). 2024;10. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1334661
Gelecekteki Karaciğer Rezidüsü Hipertrofisi için Karaciğer Venöz Deprivasyonu ile Portal Ven Embolizasyonunun Karşılaştırılması: Tek Merkezli Retrospektif Bir Çalışma
Yıl 2025,
Sayı: 26, 697 - 708, 31.08.2025
Çağrı Erdim
,
Tevfik Güzelbey
,
Mehmet Cingöz
,
Mustafa Fatih Arslan
,
Ali Dablan
,
Oğuzhan Türksayar
,
Mehmet Hamza Türkcanoğlu
,
Hüseyin Kılavuz
,
İlhan Nahit Mutlu
,
Özgür Kılıçkesmez
Öz
Amaç: Bu çalışma, major hepatektomi öncesinde gelecekteki karaciğer rezidüsü (FLR) hipertrofisini indüklemek amacıyla uygulanan karaciğer venöz deprivasyonu (LVD) ile portal ven embolizasyonunun (PVE) güvenlilik, uygulanabilirlik ve etkinlik açısından karşılaştırılmasını amaçlamaktadır.
Yöntem: Bu retrospektif, tek merkezli çalışmada, Haziran 2020 ile Ocak 2025 tarihleri arasında PVE (n=29) veya LVD (n=9) uygulanan toplam 38 hasta analiz edilmiştir. Hastalar, preoperatif hipertrofi indüksiyonu gerektiren düşük FLR hacmi temel alınarak seçilmiştir. İşlem öncesi ve sonrası karaciğer volumetrik ölçümleri kontrastlı BT ile yapılmış ve standartlaştırılmış FLR (sFLR) yüzdeleri hesaplanmıştır. Postoperatif komplikasyonlar ve mortalite dahil olmak üzere klinik sonuçlar da değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Toplam 38 hastanın 21’i (15 PVE ve 6 LVD) cerrahiye yönlendirilmiştir. İşlem öncesi sFLR yüzdeleri gruplar arasında benzer bulunmuştur (PVE için %19,5 ± 2,0; LVD için %19,9 ± 2,6; p=0,806). Ancak işlem sonrası sFLR yüzdesi LVD grubunda anlamlı derecede daha yüksek saptanmıştır (%33,4 ± 5,1’e karşı %24,5 ± 5,1; p=0,012). Ortalama FLR hipertrofi oranı LVD grubunda belirgin şekilde daha fazlaydı (%13,5’e karşı %5; p=0,009) ve FLR yüzdesel artışı da daha yüksekti (%68,6 ± 20,7’e karşı %24,7 ± 15,6; p=0,006). Postoperatif komplikasyon oranları (%16,6’ya karşı %20; p=0,601) ve mortalite (%16,7’ye karşı %13,3; p=0,847) açısından anlamlı fark saptanmadı.
Sonuç: LVD, PVE’ye kıyasla daha üstün FLR hipertrofisi sağlarken benzer bir güvenlik profili sunmuştur. LVD, düşük başlangıç FLR hacmine sahip ve yetersiz karaciğer rejenerasyonu riski yüksek olan hastalar için etkili bir alternatif olabilir. Bu bulguların doğrulanması ve LVD’nin optimal klinik endikasyonlarının belirlenmesi için ileriye dönük çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Kaynakça
-
1. Abulkhir A, Limongelli P, Healey AJ, et al. Preoperative portal vein embolization for major liver resection. Ann Surg. 2008;247(1):49-57. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31815f6e5b.
-
2. Shindoh J, Vauthey JN, Zimmitti G, et al. Analysis of the efficacy of portal vein embolization for patients with extensive liver malignancy and very low future liver remnant volume, including a comparison with the associating liver partition with portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy approach. J Am Coll Surg. 2013;217(1):126-133. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2013.03.004.
-
3. Kinoshita H, Sakai K, Hirohashi K, Igawa S, Yamasaki O, Kubo S. Preoperative portal vein embolization for hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Surg. 1986;10(5):803-808. doi: 10.1007/BF01655244.
-
4. van Lienden KP, van den Esschert JW, de Graaf W, et al. portal vein embolization before liver resection: A systematic review. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2013;36(1):25-34. doi: 10.1007/s00270-012-0440-y
-
5. Yokoyama Y, Nagino M, Nimura Y. mechanisms of hepatic regeneration following portal vein embolization and partial hepatectomy: A review. World J Surg. 2007;31(2):367-374. doi: 10.1007/s00268-006-0526-2
-
6. Imamura H, Shimada R, Kubota M, et al. Preoperative portal vein embolization: An audit of 84 patients. Hepatology. 1999;29(4):1099-1105. doi: 10.1002/hep.510290415
-
7. Hwang S, Lee SG, Ko GY, et al. Sequential preoperative ipsilateral hepatic vein embolization after portal vein embolization to induce further liver regeneration in patients with hepatobiliary malignancy. Ann Surg. 2009;249(4):608-616. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31819ecc5c
-
8. Ko G, Hwang S, Sung K, Gwon D, Lee S. Interventional oncology: new options for interstitial treatments and intravascular approaches. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2010;17(4):410-412. doi: 10.1007/s00534-009-0235-y
-
9. Guiu B, Chevallier P, Denys A, et al. Simultaneous trans-hepatic portal and hepatic vein embolization before major hepatectomy: the liver venous deprivation technique. Eur Radiol. 2016;26(12):4259-4267. doi: 10.1007/s00330-016-4291-9
-
10. Guiu B, Quenet F, Escal L, et al. Extended liver venous deprivation before major hepatectomy induces marked and very rapid increase in future liver remnant function. Eur Radiol. 2017;27(8):3343-3352. doi: 10.1007/s00330-017-4744-9
-
11. Mosteller R. Simplified calculation of body-surface area. New England Journal of Medicine. 1987;317(17):1098-1098. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198710223171717
-
12. Vauthey JN, Chaoui A, Do KA, et al. Standardized measurement of the future liver remnant prior to extended liver resection: Methodology and clinical associations. Surgery. 2000;127(5):512-519. doi: 10.1067/msy.2000.105294
-
13. Vauthey JN, Abdalla EK, Doherty DA, et al. Body surface area and body weight predict total liver volume in Western adults. Liver Transplantation. 2002;8(3):233-240. doi: 10.1053/jlts.2002.31654
-
14. Heil J, Korenblik R, Heid F, et al. Preoperative portal vein or portal and hepatic vein embolization: DRAGON collaborative group analysis. British Journal of Surgery. 2021;108(7):834-842. doi: 10.1093/bjs/znaa149
-
15. Bell RJ, Hakeem AR, Pandanaboyana S, Davidson BR, Prasad RK, Dasari BVM. Portal vein embolization versus dual vein embolization for management of the future liver remnant in patients undergoing major hepatectomy: meta-analysis. BJS Open. 2022;6(6). doi: 10.1093/bjsopen/zrac131
-
16. Schnitzbauer AA, Lang SA, Goessmann H, et al. Right portal vein ligation combined with ın situ splitting ınduces rapid left lateral liver lobe hypertrophy enabling 2-staged extended right hepatic resection in small-for-size settings. Ann Surg. 2012;255(3):405-414. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31824856f5
-
17. May B, Madoff D. Portal vein embolization: rationale, technique, and current application. Semin Intervent Radiol. 2012;29(02):081-089. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1312568
-
18. Chaouch MA, Mazzotta A, da Costa AC, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of liver venous deprivation versus portal vein embolization before hepatectomy: future liver volume, postoperative outcomes, and oncological safety. Front Med (Lausanne). 2024;10. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1334661