Yardım Lojistiği Sisteminin Aksiyomlarla Tasarımı

Öz

Amaç: Afet yönetimi ile ilgili olarak bir alt alan olan yardım lojistiği operasyonlarının bilimsel bir şekilde ele alındığı bu çalışmada otorite sahiplerine yol gösterebilecek niteliğe sahip bir tasarım çalışmasının yapılması hedeflenmiştir. Afetzedelere faydası olmayan, israf içeren süreçlerin ayıklandığı, değer odaklı yalın bakış açısında sahip ve klasik lojistik akışa uygun bir çalışma yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Aksiyomatik tasarım yaklaşımının genel olarak lojistik alanında, özel olarak ise relief lojistik alanında kullanımı çok yenidir ve bu yönü ile literatürdeki boşluğa katkı sağlayacaktır.

Yöntem: Bu çalışmada yöntem olarak Aksiyomatik Tasarım (AT) prensiplerinden Bağımsızlık Aksiyomu kullanılarak yardım lojistiği faaliyetleri için eksiksiz, ayrık, israflardan arındırılmış bir tasarım yapısı ortaya konulmuştur. Bağımsızlık aksiyonu, tasarım adımlarının olabildiğince birbirinden ayrık tasarlanmasını esas alan bilimsel bir metodolojidir. Söz konusu tasarım yapısı oluşturulurken klasik lojistiğin boyutları göz önüne alınmış ve yalın lojistik perspektifinden yararlanılmıştır. Ayrıca yardım lojistiği tasarım adımlarının tanımlanmasında güncel literatürden etkin bir şekilde yararlanılmıştır.

Bulgular: 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde meydana gelen ve Türkiye ile Suriye'yi etkileyen depremler sonrasında yaşanan sorunlar, yardım lojistiği konusunda örgütsel farkındalığın oluşmadığını göstermiştir. Deprem sonrası yardım malzemelerinin toplanması ve sevk işlemleri gözlemlendiğinde bu operasyonun doğru bir şekilde sürdürülmediği görülmüş ve böyle bir çalışmanın gerekliliği fark edilmiştir.

Sonuç: Ortaya konmuş olan tasarım, yatay hiyerarşiye sahip, yalın, lojistik akışa uygun, anlaşılması ve uygulaması kolay bir tasarım çalışması olarak ortaya konmuştur. Güncel literatür üzerinde yapılan araştırmalar tasarım adımlarının neler olması gerektiği hususunda yol gösterici olmuştur. Gelecek çalışmalar için AT yaklaşımlarının afet lojistiğinin diğer alanlarında da uygulanması önerilmektedir. Kurtarma faaliyetlerinin doğru bir şekilde önceliklendirilmesi, afetzedelerin barınma bölgelerine doğru bir şekilde transfer edilmesi ve afet sonrası ortaya çıkan atıkların yönetimi gibi alanlar AT yaklaşımları ile iyileştirilmesi mümkün olan alanlardır.
 

A Design of Relief Logistics System by Axioms

Öz

Aim: This study scientifically addresses aid logistics operations, a subfield related to disaster management. It aims to conduct a design study that will guide those in authority. The study is in line with the classical logistics flow, with a value-oriented lean perspective, and eliminates processes that are not beneficial to disaster victims and include waste. The application of the axiomatic design approach in logistics, particularly in relief logistics, is relatively new and is expected to contribute to the existing literature gap in this area.

Method: This study presented a complete, separate, waste-free design structure for aid logistics activities using the Independence Axiom from the Axiomatic Design (AD) principles as a method. Independence action is a scientific methodology based on the design of design steps as separate as possible from each other. While creating the design structure in question, the dimensions of classical logistics were taken into consideration and the lean logistics perspective was utilized. In addition, current literature was effectively utilized in defining aid logistics design steps.

Results: The issues experienced after the earthquakes that occurred on February 6, 2023 and affected Turkey and Syria showed that there was no organizational awareness regarding aid logistics. When the collection and dispatch of aid materials after the earthquake was observed, it was seen that this operation was not carried out correctly and the necessity of such a study was realized.

Conclusion: The design presented has been presented as a horizontal hierarchy, simple, suitable for logistic flow, easy to understand and implement design study. Research on current literature has been guiding on what the design steps should be. For future studies, it is recommended that AT approaches be applied in other areas of disaster logistics. Correct prioritization of rescue activities, correct transfer of disaster victims to shelter areas, and management of wastes resulting from disasters are areas that can be improved with AT approaches.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Relief logistics
• axiomatic design
• lean logistics
• independence axiom
• logistics

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