Ekonomik Büyüme mi, Çevresel Sürdürülebilirlik mi?: Her İkisine de Sahip Olabilir miyiz?: G7 Ülkeleri Örneği (1974-2023)

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, G7 ülkelerinde 1974–2023 yılları arasında enerji ithalatı, CO₂ emisyonları ve fosil yakıt tüketiminin çeşitli makroekonomik faktörlerle ilişkisini inceleyerek, ekonomik büyüme ile çevresel sürdürülebilirlik arasındaki dengeyi analiz etmektir. Yöntem: Araştırmada, 1974–2023 dönemini kapsayan panel veri analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bağımlı değişkenler enerji ithalatı, karbondioksit (CO₂) emisyonları ve fosil yakıt tüketimidir. Bağımsız değişkenler ise enflasyon, doğalgaz ve petrol rantları, nüfus artışı, patent başvuruları, doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar, halka açık şirketlerin piyasa değeri, mal ve hizmet ihracatı, toplam halka açık şirket sayısı ve askeri harcamalardır. Bulgular: Elde edilen bulgular, ekonomik büyüme ile çevresel sürdürülebilirlik arasındaki ilişkinin karmaşık ve çok boyutlu olduğunu göstermektedir. G7 ülkelerinde enerji tüketimi ile ekonomik faaliyetler arasındaki etkileşim, çevresel sonuçlar göz ardı edilmeden değerlendirilmelidir. Sonuçlar: Çalışma, çevre politikalarının ekonomik büyümeye engel olarak değil, uzun vadeli refahı artıran bir unsur olarak değerlendirilmesi gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Düşük karbonlu enerji kaynaklarına yönelimin artırılması ve fosil yakıtlara olan bağımlılığın azaltılması, sürdürülebilir kalkınma açısından hayati önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ekonomik Büyüme
• Çevresel Sürdürülebilirlik
• Enerji İthalatı
• CO2 Emisyonları
• Fosil Yakıt Tüketimi

Economic Growth or Environmental Sustainability: Can We Have Both?: An Application in G7 Countries (1974-2023)

Öz

Aim: The study aims to investigate the balance between economic growth and environmental sustainability by examining how energy imports, CO₂ emissions, and fossil fuel consumption are influenced by various macroeconomic factors in G7 countries from 1974 to 2023. Method: The research employs panel data analysis covering the years 1974–2023 for G7 countries. The dependent variables are energy imports, carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, and fossil fuel consumption, while the independent variables include inflation, natural gas and oil rents, population growth, patent applications, foreign direct investment, market capitalization, exports, number of listed companies, and military expenditures. Results: The findings reveal a complex and multifaceted relationship between economic growth and environmental sustainability. Economic activity and energy consumption interact in ways that require careful policy attention, especially regarding carbon emissions and fossil fuel dependence. Conclusion: The study concludes that environmental policies should not be perceived as barriers to economic growth. On the contrary, when aligned with sustainable development goals, such policies can support long-term welfare. Promoting low-carbon energy sources and reducing fossil fuel dependency are highlighted as key strategies for achieving both economic and environmental objectives.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Economic Growth
• Environmental Sustainability
• Energy Imports
• CO2 Emissions
• Fossil Fuel Consumption

Kaynakça

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